ASTM D2799-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Microscopical Determination of the Maceral Composition of Coal
Standard Test Method for Microscopical Determination of the Maceral Composition of Coal
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The volume percent of physical components of coal is used as an aid in coal seam correlation and in the characterization of coals for their use in carbonization, gasification, liquefaction, and combustion processes.
This test method is for use in scientific and industrial research, not compliance or referee tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the equipment and techniques used for determining the physical composition of a coal sample in terms of volume percent of the organic components and of mineral matter, if desired.
1.2 The term weight is temporarily used in this test method because of established trade usage. The word is used to mean both force and mass and care must be taken to determine which is meant in each case (the SI unit for force is newton and for mass, kilogram).
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D2799 − 11
StandardTest Method for
Microscopical Determination of the Maceral Composition of
1
Coal
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2799; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the equipment and techniques
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms, refer to Terminol-
usedfordeterminingthephysicalcompositionofacoalsample
ogy D121.
in terms of volume percent of the organic components and of
3.2 Classification—The classification of the microscopic
mineral matter, if desired.
constituents into groups of similar properties in a given coal is
1.2 The term weight is temporarily used in this test method
as follows:
because of established trade usage. The word is used to mean
Maceral Group Maceral
bothforceandmassandcaremustbetakentodeterminewhich
Vitrinite —
Liptinite or (exinite) alginite
is meant in each case (the SI unit for force is newton and for
mass, kilogram).
cutinite
resinite
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
sporinite
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Inertinite fusinite
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
inertodetrinite
macrinite
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
micrinite
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
funginite
secretinite
semifusinite
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.3 Many laboratories associated with the coke-making
D121 Terminology of Coal and Coke
industry use the following simplified classification for petro-
D2797 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Microscopi-
graphic analysis of bituminous coal:
cal Analysis by Reflected Light
vitrinite
D2798 Test Method for Microscopical Determination of the
liptinite (other than resinite)
Vitrinite Reflectance of Coal
resinite
semifusinite
D3174 Test Method forAsh in theAnalysis Sample of Coal
micrinite
and Coke from Coal
fusinite
D3177 Test Methods forTotal Sulfur in theAnalysis Sample
mineral matter
of Coal and Coke
3.4 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
3.4.1 alginite, n—a liptinite maceral that is generally spheri-
ASTM Test Methods
cal or ovoid, frequently having a crenulated border and
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
somewhat irregular reflectance and sometimes occurring in
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
clusters reflecting an origin from Botryococcus algae.
3.4.1.1 Discussion—Alginite often occurs as degraded frag-
ments derived from colonial or unicellular bodies.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coal
3.4.2 cutinite, n—a liptinite maceral in the form of a sheet
and Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.28 on Petrographic
Analysis of Coal and Coke.
reflecting its origin from leaf- or twig-covering plant cuticle,
Current edition approved April 1, 2011. Published April 2011. Originally
frequently exhibiting reticulation in planar section and a
approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D2799 – 10. DOI:
serrated edge in cross section.
10.1520/D2799-11.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3.4.3 exinite, n—Deprecated term. Use preferred term lip-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
tinite; sometimes has also been used as a synonym for
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. sporinite.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2799 − 11
3.4.4 funginite, n—an inertinite maceral occurring as round specifically: vitrinite—moderately reflecting (intermediate
or ovoid bodies, frequently containing voids, reflecting an gray), liptinite—poorly reflecting (black to dark gray), and
origin from fungal sclerotia; also occurs (especially in lower inertinite—highly reflecting (light gray to white). Each group
rank coals) as interlaced, stringy materials derived from fungal can be subdivided on the basis of other microscopically
hyphae.
distinctive features such as: reflectance contrasts (relative
shades of gray); morphology, that is, shape and size (morpho-
3.4.5 fusinite, n—an inertinite maceral distinguished princi-
logic distinctions in definitions contained herein are idealized
pally by the preservation of some feature(s) of the plant cell
becausemorphologicappearancedependsontheinitialformof
wall structur
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D2799–10 Designation:D2799–11
Standard Test Method for
Microscopical Determination of the Maceral Composition of
1
Coal
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2799; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the equipment and techniques used for determining the physical composition of a coal sample in
terms of volume percent of the organic components and of mineral matter, if desired.
1.2 The term weight is temporarily used in this test method because of established trade usage. The word is used to mean both
force and mass and care must be taken to determine which is meant in each case (the SI unit for force is newton and for mass,
kilogram).
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D121 Terminology of Coal and Coke
D2797 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Microscopical Analysis by Reflected Light
D2798 Test Method for Microscopical Determination of the Vitrinite Reflectance of Coal
D3174 Test Method for Ash in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke from Coal
D3177 Test Methods for Total Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms, refer to Terminology D121.
3.2 Classification—The classification of the microscopic constituents into groups of similar properties in a given coal is as
follows:
Maceral Group Maceral
Vitrinite —
Liptinite or (exinite) alginite
cutinite
resinite
sporinite
Inertinite fusinite
inertodetrinite
macrinite
micrinite
funginite
secretinite
semifusinite
3.3 Many laboratories associated with the coke-making industry use the following simplified classification for petrographic
analysis of bituminous coal:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D05 on Coal and Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.28 on PetrographicAnalysis
of Coal and Coke.
Current edition approved Sept.April 1, 2010.2011. Published September 2010.April 2011. Originally approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 20092010 as
D2799 – 109. DOI: 10.1520/D2799-101.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2799–11
vitrinite
liptinite (other than resinite)
resinite
semifusinite
micrinite
fusinite
mineral matter
3.4 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.4.1 alginite, n—a liptinite maceral that is generally spherical or ovoid, frequently having a crenulated border and somewhat
irregular reflectance and sometimes occurring in clusters reflecting an origin from Botryococcus algae.
3.4.1.1 Discussion—Alginite often occurs as degraded fragments derived from colonial or unicellular bodies.
3.4.2 cutinite, n—a liptinite maceral in the form of a sheet reflecting its origin from leaf- or twig-covering plant cuticle,
frequently exhibiting reticulation in planar section and a serrated edge in cross section.
3.4.3 exinite, n—Deprecated term. Use preferred term liptinite; sometimes has also been used as a synonym for sporinite.
3.4.4 funginite, n—an inertinite maceral occurring as round or ovoid bodies, frequently containing voids, reflecting an origin
from fungal sclerotia; also occurs (especially in lower rank coals) as interlaced, stringy materials derived from fungal hyphae.
3.4.5 fusinite, n—an inertinite maceral distinguished principally by the preservation of some feature(s) of the plant cell wall
structure, and with a particle size greater than 50 µm except when it occurs as a fragment within the binder matrix; see also
semifusinite.
3.4.6 inertinite
...
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