ASTM F735-94
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Transparent Plastics and Coatings Using the Oscillating Sand Method
Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Transparent Plastics and Coatings Using the Oscillating Sand Method
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the resistance of transparent plastics and transparent coatings utilized in windows or viewing ports, to surface abrasion using oscillating sand.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: F 735 – 94
Standard Test Method for
Abrasion Resistance of Transparent Plastics and Coatings
Using the Oscillating Sand Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 735; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.3 The thickness or height of the sand, which rests on top
of the test specimen, remains relatively constant over the test
1.1 This test method determines the resistance of transpar-
specimen itself during the motion of the cradle. Therefore, the
ent plastics and transparent coatings utilized in windows or
average pressure of the sand also remains constant, giving
viewing ports, to surface abrasion using oscillating sand.
highly reproducible results over the entire surface of the test
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
specimen.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.4 The degree of abrasion is measured by the amount of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
change in luminous transmission and haze after exposure to the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
test.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 Many types of plastics are used in the making of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
transparencies and enclosures or covers. It is the intent of this
C 136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse
test to provide a means of determining the relative abrasion
Aggregates
resistance of plastics or coatings, or both, to such operational
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics and Electrical
uses as the cleaning of dirt, removal of bug residue, or any
Insulating Materials for Testing
other rubbing action that can cause abrasion.
D 1003 Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittance
of Transparent Plastics
5. Apparatus
E 11 Specification for Wire-Cloth Sieves for Testing Pur-
4 5.1 Abrader—The abrader illustrated in Fig. 1 consists of a
poses
specimen holder, sand cradle, drive mechanism, variable power
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
4 supply and counter.
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
5.1.1 The specimen holder shall have a cutout approxi-
3. Summary of Test Method mately 100 by 100 mm (4 by 4 in.) to receive the specimen.
The specimen shall be mounted flush to within 1 mm (0.04 in.)
3.1 The test method consists of measuring and recording the
high with the specimen holder.
haze and light transmission of a test specimen, mounting the
5.1.2 The specimen holder forms the bottom of the sand
specimen so that it forms part of the bottom of a tray (sand
cradle.
cradle), covering the specimen with abrading media, and
subjecting the cradle to a specific number of to-and-fro
TABLE 1 Properties
motions. After exposure to the abrasion, the haze and light
transmission are remeasured to determine any change in these E11 Sieve Designation
Mean % on Standard De- Cululative %
Sieve viation, % Retained, Mean
values.
U.S. No mm
3.2 At the stroke velocity specified in this practice, the
8 2.36 30.0 7.4 30.0
10 2.00 40.0 8.4 70.0
entire mass of sand shifts significantly within the sand cradle
12 1.70 22.0 7.8 92.0
because of its inertia; therefore the relative motion between
14 1.40 6.0 1.1 98.0
sand and specimen at the interface is large.
Pan . 2.0 0.7 100.0
A
Effective size at 90 % retained 5 1.70 6 0.10 mm. Uniformity Coeffi-
cient 5 1.29 6 0.05 mm Shape Factor 5 0.406 0.07 mm.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-7 on
Aerospace and Aircraft and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F07.08 in
5.1.3 The cradle size, as defined in Fig. 1 will provide a
Transparent Enclosures and Materials.
Current edition approved May 15, 1994. Published July 1994. Originally
13-mm (0.50-in.) head of sand, utilizing 1000 g (2.2 lb).
e1
published as F 835 – 81. Last previous edition F 735 – 81(1987) .
5.1.4 A drive mechanism shall provide 300 strokes per
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
minute of reciprocating motion of approximately 100-mm
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02. (4-in.) travel. Motion in one direction is defined as one stroke.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F 735
FIG. 1 Oscillating Sand Abrader
5.1.5 A variable power supply shall be utilized to control the 6.1.2.2 Plot the cumulative percent retained, on logarithmic
abrader motor to operate at 300 strokes per minute. probability paper.
5.1.6 A counter shall record the number of strokes during a 6.1.2.3 Read from the plot the sizes in millimetres at 40, 50,
test. and 90 % retained.
5.2 Photometer—An integrating sphere photoelectric pho- 6.1.2.4 Calculate the uniformity coef
...
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