ASTM D3493-04a

Standard Test Method for Carbon Black—Oil Absorption Number of Compressed Sample (COAN)

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the mechanical compression of a carbon black sample and the determination of the oil absorption number of the compressed sample.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2004
• ICS: 83.040.20 - Rubber compounding ingredients
• Technical Committee: D24 - Carbon Black
• Drafting Committee: D24.11 - Carbon Black Structure

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D3493-04 - Standard Test Method for Carbon Black—Oil Absorption Number of Compressed Sample (COAN)
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2004
• Replaced By: ASTM D3493-06 - Standard Test Method for Carbon Black-Oil Absorption Number of Compressed Sample (COAN)
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D7854-21 - Standard Test Method for Carbon Black-Void Volume at Mean Pressure
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D6915-23 - Standard Practice for Carbon Black—Evaluation of Standard Reference Blacks
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D5817-20 - Standard Practice for Carbon Black, Pelleted—Reduction, Blending, and Drying of Gross Samples for Testing
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D1765-23a - Standard Classification System for Carbon Blacks Used in Rubber Products
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D7849-23 - Standard Classification for Nomenclature of Reference Materials of Committee D24
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D3053-23 - Standard Terminology Relating to Carbon Black
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D4122-17(2023) - Standard Practice for Carbon Black—Evaluation of an Industry Reference Black
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D4821-20 - Standard Guide for Carbon Black—Validation of Test Method Precision and Bias
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2004

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D3493–04a
Standard Test Method for
Carbon Black—Oil Absorption Number of Compressed
1
Sample (COAN)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3493; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2 n-Dibutyl phthalate or paraffin oil is added by means of
aconstant-rateburettothecompressedsampleofcarbonblack
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the mechani-
in the mixer chamber of an absorptometer. As the sample
cal compression of a carbon black sample and the determina-
absorbs the oil, the mixture changes from a free-flowing state
tion of the oil absorption number of the compressed sample.
to one of a semiplastic agglomeration, with an accompanying
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
increase in viscosity. This increased viscosity is transmitted to
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
the torque-sensing system of the absorptometer. When the
only.
viscosity of the mixture reaches a predetermined torque level,
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
the absorptometer and buret will simultaneously shut off. The
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
volume of oil added is read from the direct reading buret. The
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
volume of oil per unit mass of carbon black is the oil
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
absorption number. Either DBPor paraffin oil is acceptable for
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
use with many standard pelleted grades of N-series carbon
2. Referenced Documents blacks found in Classification D1765. COAN testing using
2
paraffin oil on some specialty blacks and powder blacks may
2.1 ASTM Standards:
result in significant differences when compared to COAN
D1765 Classification System for Carbon Blacks Used in
testing using DBP oil. Referee testing between suppliers and
Rubber Products
users should use DBPoil until such time that precision data is
D1799 Practice for Carbon Black—Sampling Packaged
available for paraffin oil.
Shipments
D1900 Practice for Carbon Black—Sampling Bulk Ship-
4. Significance and Use
ments
4.1 Theoilabsorptionnumberofacarbonblackisrelatedto
D2414 Test Method for Carbon Black—Oil Absorption
theprocessingandvulcanizatepropertiesofrubbercompounds
Number (OAN)
containing the carbon black.
D 4821 Guide for Carbon Black—Validation of Test
4.2 The difference between the regular oil absorption num-
Method Precision and Bias
ber and the oil absorption number of compressed sample is
D4483 Practice for Evaluating Precision for Test Method
some measure of the stability of the structure of the carbon
Standards in the Rubber and Carbon Black Manufacturing
black.
Industries
3
5. Apparatus
3. Summary of Test Method
5.1 Balance, analytical, 0.01-g sensitivity.
3.1 Asample of carbon black is compressed four times in a
5.2 Oven, gravity-convection type, capable of maintaining
compression cylinder at a pressure of 165 MPa (24 000 psi)
125°C 6 5°C.
and then tested in an absorptometer to determine the oil
5.3 Carbon Black Press, capable of compressing a 25-g
absorption number.
4
sample to 165 MPa (24 000 psi).
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D24 on Carbon
Black and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D24.11 on Absorptive
Properties of Carbon Black.
CurrenteditionapprovedJuly1,2004.PublishedJuly2004.Originallyapproved
3
in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D3493-04. All apparatus is to be operated and maintained in accordance with the
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or manufacturer’s directions for optimum performance.
4
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Carbon black presses from the following companies have been found satisfac-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on tory for this test method: EG&G Engineering, P.O. Box 470710, Tulsa, OK
the ASTM website. 74147-0710 and Titan Specialties, Inc., P.O. Box 2316, Pampa, TX 79066-2316.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D3493–04a
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5.4 Absorptometer, equippedwithaconstant-rateburetthat 9.4.2 Place the carbon black sample in the compression
3 3
delivers 67 6 0.4 mm /s (4 6 0.024 cm /min). cylinder and insert the piston with the nylon spacer next to the
5.5 Spatula, rubber, 100 mm. carbon black. Rotate the piston wh
...