ASTM D5798-13a
(Specification)Standard Specification for Ethanol Fuel Blends for Flexible-Fuel Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
Standard Specification for Ethanol Fuel Blends for Flexible-Fuel Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
ABSTRACT
This specification covers a fuel blend, nominally 52 to 85 volume % denatured fuel ethanol and 48 to 15 additional volume % hydrocarbons for use in ground vehicles with automotive spark-ignition engines. Ethanol Fuel Blends shall conform to the performance requirements prescribed. Ethanol Fuel Blends shall be visually free of sediment and suspended matter. The hydrocarbon content, vapor pressure, acidity, pHe requirements, gum content, inorganic chloride, water requirements, copper requirements, and sulphur requirements shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for automotive fuel blends of ethanol and gasoline for use in ground vehicles equipped with ethanol fuel blend flexible-fuel spark-ignition engines. Fuel produced to this specification contains 51 to 83 volume % ethanol. This fuel is for use in flexible-fuel vehicles and is sometimes referred to at retail as “Ethanol Flex-Fuel.” Appendix X1 discusses the significance of the properties specified.
1.2 The vapor pressure of ethanol fuel blends is varied for seasonal climatic changes. Vapor pressure is increased at lower temperatures to ensure adequate flexible-fuel vehicle operability. Ethanol content and selection of hydrocarbon blendstock are adjusted by the blender to meet these vapor pressure requirements.
1.3 This specification formerly covered Fuel Ethanol (Ed70-Ed85) for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines, also known commercially as E85. The nomenclature “fuel ethanol” has been changed to “ethanol fuel blends” to distinguish this product from denatured fuel ethanol Specification D4806. To facilitate blending of ethanol fuel blends that meet seasonal vapor pressure requirements, a new lower minimum ethanol content has been established.
1.4 The United States government has established various programs for alternative fuels. Many of the definitions of alternative fuel used by these programs may be more restrictive than the requirements of this specification. See 4.1.2.1 for additional information on alternative fuels containing ethanol.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to the test method portion, 8.1.8, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D5798 −13a
StandardSpecification for
Ethanol Fuel Blends for Flexible-Fuel Automotive Spark-
1
Ignition Engines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5798; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for automo-
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices
tive fuel blends of ethanol and gasoline for use in ground
and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
vehicles equipped with ethanol fuel blend flexible-fuel spark-
to use.
ignition engines. Fuel produced to this specification contains
51 to 83 volume % ethanol.This fuel is for use in flexible-fuel
2. Referenced Documents
vehicles and is sometimes referred to at retail as “Ethanol
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Flex-Fuel.” Appendix X1 discusses the significance of the
D86Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
properties specified.
Atmospheric Pressure
1.2 The vapor pressure of ethanol fuel blends is varied for
D130Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-
seasonalclimaticchanges.Vaporpressureisincreasedatlower
leum Products by Copper Strip Test
temperatures to ensure adequate flexible-fuel vehicle operabil-
D381Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evapo-
ity. Ethanol content and selection of hydrocarbon blendstock
ration
are adjusted by the blender to meet these vapor pressure
D525Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline (In-
requirements.
duction Period Method)
1.3 ThisspecificationformerlycoveredFuelEthanol(Ed70-
D1613Test Method for Acidity in Volatile Solvents and
Ed85) for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines, also known
Chemical Intermediates Used in Paint, Varnish, Lacquer,
commercially as E85. The nomenclature “fuel ethanol” has
and Related Products
been changed to “ethanol fuel blends” to distinguish this
D1688Test Methods for Copper in Water
product from denatured fuel ethanol Specification D4806.To
D3231Test Method for Phosphorus in Gasoline
facilitate blending of ethanol fuel blends that meet seasonal
D4057Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
vapor pressure requirements, a new lower minimum ethanol
Petroleum Products
content has been established.
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
Products, and Lubricants
1.4 The United States government has established various
D4177Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
programs for alternative fuels. Many of the definitions of
Petroleum Products
alternativefuelusedbytheseprogramsmaybemorerestrictive
D4306Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for
than the requirements of this specification. See 4.1.2.1 for
Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
additional information on alternative fuels containing ethanol.
D4806Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blend-
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
ing with Gasolines for Use asAutomotive Spark-Ignition
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
Engine Fuel
only.
D4814Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine
1.6 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to the
Fuel
test method portion, 8.1.8, of this specification. This standard
D4953Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Gasoline and
Gasoline-Oxygenate Blends (Dry Method)
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is under the direct responsibility of
2
Subcommittee D02.A0.02 on Oxygenated Fuels and Components. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved June 15, 2013. Published July 2013. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D5798–13. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D5798-13A. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5798−13a
D5190Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Prod- 3.2.1.1 Discussion—Denaturants are only those materials
3
ucts (Automatic Method) (Withdrawn 2012) added by the denaturer to comply with the approved formula;
D5191Test Method for Vapor
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5798 − 13 D5798 − 13a
Standard Specification for
Ethanol Fuel Blends for Flexible-Fuel Automotive Spark-
1
Ignition Engines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5798; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for automotive fuel blends of ethanol and gasoline for use in ground vehicles
equipped with ethanol fuel blend flexible-fuel spark-ignition engines. Fuel produced to this specification contains 51 to 83 volume
% ethanol. This fuel is for use in flexible-fuel vehicles and is sometimes referred to at retail as “Ethanol Flex-Fuel.” Appendix X1
discusses the significance of the properties specified.
1.2 The vapor pressure of ethanol fuel blends is varied for seasonal climatic changes. Vapor pressure is increased at lower
temperatures to ensure adequate flexible-fuel vehicle operability. Ethanol content and selection of hydrocarbon blendstock are
adjusted by the blender to meet these vapor pressure requirements.
1.3 This specification formerly covered Fuel Ethanol (Ed70-Ed85) for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines, also known
commercially as E85. The nomenclature “fuel ethanol” has been changed to “ethanol fuel blends” to distinguish this product from
denatured fuel ethanol Specification D4806. To facilitate blending of ethanol fuel blends that meet seasonal vapor pressure
requirements, a new lower minimum ethanol content has been established.
1.4 The United States government has established various programs for alternative fuels. Many of the definitions of alternative
fuel used by these programs may be more restrictive than the requirements of this specification. See 4.1.2.1 for additional
information on alternative fuels containing ethanol.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to the test method portion, 8.1.8, of this specification. This standard does
not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard
to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evaporation
D525 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline (Induction Period Method)
D1613 Test Method for Acidity in Volatile Solvents and Chemical Intermediates Used in Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related
Products
D1688 Test Methods for Copper in Water
D3231 Test Method for Phosphorus in Gasoline
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum Products, and Lubricants
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is under the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.A0.02 on Oxygenated Fuels and Components.
Current edition approved May 1, 2013June 15, 2013. Published June 2013July 2013. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20122013 as
D5798–12.–13. DOI: 10.1520/D5798-13.10.1520/D5798-13A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5798 − 13a
D4806 Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D4814 Specification for Aut
...
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