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ASTM D4868-00(2010)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Estimation of Net and Gross Heat of Combustion of Burner and Diesel Fuels

Standard Test Method for Estimation of Net and Gross Heat of Combustion of Burner and Diesel Fuels

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is intended for use in cases where an experimental determination of heat of combustion is not available and cannot be made conveniently, and where an estimate is considered satisfactory. It is not intended as a substitute for experimental measurement of heat of combustion.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the estimation of the gross and net heat of combustion in SI units, megajoules per kilogram, of petroleum fuels from the fuel density, sulfur, water, and ash content.
Note 1—The equation for estimation of net and gross heat of combustion used in this method were originally published by the NIST Publication No. 97.  
1.2 This test method is especially useful for estimating, using a minimum number of tests, the heat of combustion of burner and diesel fuels for which it is not usually critical to obtain very precise heat determinations.
Note 2—More accurate estimation methods are available for aviation fuels (Test Methods D1405, D4529,and D3338). However, those estimation methods require additional tests to those required in this test method.  
1.3 This test method is purely empirical (Note 1). It is applicable only to liquid hydrocarbon fuels derived by normal refining processes from conventional crude oil that conform to the requirements of specifications for petroleum fuels as described in Note 3. This test method is valid for those fuels in the density range from 750 to 1000 kg/m3  and those that do not contain an unusually high aromatic content. High aromatic content fuels will not normally meet fuel specification criteria.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2010
ICS
75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.05 - Properties of Fuels, Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D4868-00(2010) - Standard Test Method for Estimation of Net and Gross Heat of Combustion of Burner and Diesel FuelsASTM D4868-00(2010) - Standard Test Method for Estimation of Net and Gross Heat of Combustion of Burner and Diesel Fuels
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ASTM D4868-00(2010) - Standard Test Method for Estimation of Net and Gross Heat of Combustion of Burner and Diesel Fuels
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D4868 − 00 (Reapproved 2010)
Standard Test Method for
Estimation of Net and Gross Heat of Combustion of Burner
1
and Diesel Fuels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4868; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
Fuel Specification
Fuel Oils
1.1 This test method covers the estimation of the gross and
Grades 1, 2, 4 (light), 4, 5 (light), 5 (heavy), and 6 D396
net heat of combustion in SI units, megajoules per kilogram, of Diesel
Grades 1-D, 2-D, and 4-d D975
petroleum fuels from the fuel density, sulfur, water, and ash
Aviation Turbine
content.
Jet A, Jet A-1, and Jet B D1655
Gas Turbine
NOTE 1—The equation for estimation of net and gross heat of
Grades 0-GT, 1-GT, 2-GT, 3-GT and 4-GT D2880
combustion used in this method were originally published by the NIST
Kerosine
Publication No. 97.
Grades 1-K and 2-K D3699
1.2 This test method is especially useful for estimating, 1.4 This test method is not applicable to pure hydrocarbons.
using a minimum number of tests, the heat of combustion of
Itisnotintendedasasubstituteforexperimentalmeasurements
burner and diesel fuels for which it is not usually critical to of heat of combustion (Note 4).
obtain very precise heat determinations.
NOTE 4—The procedures for the experimental determination of the
grossandnetheatsofcombustionaredescribedinTestMethodsD240and
NOTE 2—More accurate estimation methods are available for aviation
D4809.
fuels (Test Methods D1405, D4529,and D3338). However, those estima-
tion methods require additional tests to those required in this test method.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
1.3 This test method is purely empirical (Note 1). It is
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
applicable only to liquid hydrocarbon fuels derived by normal standard.
refining processes from conventional crude oil that conform to
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
the requirements of specifications for petroleum fuels as
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
described in Note 3.This test method is valid for those fuels in
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3
the density range from 750 to 1000 kg/m and those that do not
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
contain an unusually high aromatic content. High aromatic
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
content fuels will not normally meet fuel specification criteria.
2. Referenced Documents
NOTE 3—The estimation of the heat of combustion of a hydrocarbon
fuel from its density and sulfur, water, and ash content is justifiable only 2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
when the fuel belongs to well-defined classes for which a relationship
D95 Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and
between these quantities have been derived from accurate experimental
Bituminous Materials by Distillation
measurements on representative samples of these classes. Even in these
classes, the possibility that the estimate may be in error by large amounts D129 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Gen-
forindividualfuelsshouldberecognized.Thistestmethodhasbeentested
eral High Pressure Decomposition Device Method)
for a limited number of fuels from oil sand bitumen and shale oil origin
D240 Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hy-
and has been found to be valid. The classes of fuels used to establish the
drocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter
correlation presented in this test method are represented by the following
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils
applications:
D482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Products
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
D1266 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Lamp
Method)
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
D02.05 on Properties of Fuels, Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved May 1, 2010. Published May 2010. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D4868–00 (2005). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/D4868-00R10. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4868 − 00 (2010)
D1298 Test Method
...

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Section  
Scope  
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Referenced Documents  
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4  
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5  
Apparatus  
6  
Engine Fluids and Cleaning Solvents  
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Report  
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Annexes  
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Annex A1  
Intake Air Aftercooler  
Annex A2  
The Cummins ISB Engine Build Parts Kit  
Annex A3  
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1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6.1 The preferred concentrations units are mg/kg for vanadium and nickel.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
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  • Standard
    7 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off