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ASTM E3222-20a

(Classification)

Standard Classification for Determination of High-frequency Impact Sound Ratings

Standard Classification for Determination of High-frequency Impact Sound Ratings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This classification provides a family of single-number ratings for describing high-frequency impact sound insulation. “High-frequency” in this context refers to the third-octave bands from 400 to 3150 Hz, which is approximately the upper half of the frequency range of interest in building acoustics measurements. Common sources of high-frequency impact sound include the impact of hard-heeled shoes, dragging furniture, dog toenails, and dropping objects on hard-surfaced flooring.  
4.2 The high-frequency impact sound insulation of an assembly is primarily determined by the characteristics of the floor topping, largely independent of the other details of the assembly.3 For many assemblies, the existing ratings (such as IIC) become controlled by frequency bands below 400 Hz. For these assemblies, the existing ratings are not representative of the impact insulation at high frequencies. The high-frequency ratings defined here have been shown to accurately represent the behavior of assemblies at high frequencies.4,5 These ratings are intended to aid the acoustical professional in evaluating the high-frequency insulation of an assembly, and in evaluating, rank-ordering, and specifying floor topping products that will affect the level of high-frequency impact sound.  
4.3 The ratings in this classification have similar numerical range and behavior as the existing ratings of Classification E989. Further, the ratings in this classification can be calculated from existing test reports without additional testing. This was done to take advantage of the existing test results and body of knowledge.  
4.4 This classification describes only the high-frequency range of impact sound and no other aspects of impact noise. It does not address impact sound below 400 Hz, such as thudding from footfalls, and additional ratings are required to describe impact sound in these frequency ranges. This classification does not replace Classification E989 (Impact Insulation Class) and is not i...
SCOPE
1.1 This classification provides methods for calculating single-number ratings of high-frequency impact sound transmission, based on one-third-octave-band impact sound pressure levels generated by the standard tapping machine as described in Test Methods E492, E1007, and E2179.  
1.2 This classification defines ratings that are not defined in other standards. Within their purview, other standards shall define additional ratings based on the methods of this classification.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Oct-2020
ICS
91.120.20 - Acoustics in building. Sound insulation
Technical Committee
E33 - Building and Environmental Acoustics
Drafting Committee
E33.10 - Structural Acoustics and Vibration
Current Stage
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:E3222 −20a
Standard Classification for
1
Determination of High-frequency Impact Sound Ratings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3222; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Ceiling Assemblies and Associated Support Structures
E2179 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of the
1.1 This classification provides methods for calculating
Effectiveness of Floor Coverings in Reducing Impact
single-number ratings of high-frequency impact sound
Sound Transmission Through Concrete Floors
transmission, based on one-third-octave-band impact sound
pressure levels generated by the standard tapping machine as
3. Terminology
described in Test Methods E492, E1007, and E2179.
3.1 The following terms used in this classification have
1.2 This classification defines ratings that are not defined in
specific meaning that are defined in Terminology C634: aver-
other standards. Within their purview, other standards shall
age sound pressure level; decibel; flanking transmission; im-
define additional ratings based on the methods of this classifi-
pact insulation class; level; octave band; sound insulation;
cation.
sound isolation; sound pressure; sound pressure level.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2 The following terms used in this classification have
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
specific meaning that are defined in Test Method E1007:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
absorption normalized impact sound pressure level, ANISPL;
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
apparent impact insulation class, AIIC; impact sound pressure
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
level, ISPL; impact sound rating, ISR; normalized impact
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
sound rating, NISR; receiving room; reverberation time nor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
malized impact sound pressure level, RTNISPL.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.3 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.3.1 absorption-normalized high-frequency impact rating,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
AHIR, n—the single-number rating calculated in accordance
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
with this classification using the absorption normalized impact
sound pressure levels measured in a building, as described in
2. Referenced Documents
Test Method E1007.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.3.1.1 Discussion—This rating is the high-frequency ana-
C634 Terminology Relating to Building and Environmental
log of the apparent impact insulation class (AIIC).
Acoustics
3.3.2 high-frequency impact insulation class, HIIC, n—of a
E492 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Impact
floor-ceiling assembly installed in a laboratory, the single-
Sound Transmission Through Floor-Ceiling Assemblies
number rating calculated in accordance with this classification
Using the Tapping Machine
usingthenormalizedimpactsoundpressurelevelsasdescribed
E989 Classification for Determination of Single-Number
in Test Method E492.
Metrics for Impact Noise
3.3.2.1 Discussion—This rating is the high-frequency ana-
E1007 Test Method for Field Measurement of Tapping
log of the impact insulation class (IIC).
Machine Impact Sound Transmission Through Floor-
3.3.3 high-frequency impact rating, HIR, n—the single-
number rating calculated in accordance with this classification
1
This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E33 on
using the non-normalized impact sound pressure levels mea-
Building and Environmental Acoustics and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
sured in a building, as described in Test Method E1007.
mittee E33.10 on Structural Acoustics and Vibration.
3.3.3.1 Discussion—This rating is the high-frequency ana-
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2020. Published November 2020. Originally
3
log of impact sound rating (ISR).
approved in 2020. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as E3222 – 20. DOI:
10.1520/E3222-20A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM LoVerde, J.J. and Dong, W.D., “A dual-rating method for evaluating impact
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summ
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E3222 − 20 E3222 − 20a
Standard Classification for
1
Determination of High-frequency Impact Sound Ratings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3222; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This classification provides methods for calculating single-number ratings of high-frequency impact sound transmission, based
on one-third-octave-band impact sound pressure levels generated by the standard tapping machine as described in Test Methods
E492, E1007, and E2179.
1.2 This classification defines ratings that are not defined in other standards. Within their purview, other standards shall define
additional ratings based on the methods of this classification.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C634 Terminology Relating to Building and Environmental Acoustics
E492 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Impact Sound Transmission Through Floor-Ceiling Assemblies Using the
Tapping Machine
E989 Classification for Determination of Single-Number Metrics for Impact Noise
E1007 Test Method for Field Measurement of Tapping Machine Impact Sound Transmission Through Floor-Ceiling Assemblies
and Associated Support Structures
E2179 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of the Effectiveness of Floor Coverings in Reducing Impact Sound
Transmission Through Concrete Floors
3. Terminology
3.1 The following terms used in this classification have specific meaning that are defined in Terminology C634: average sound
pressure level; decibel; flanking transmission; impact insulation class; level; octave band; sound insulation; sound isolation; sound
pressure; sound pressure level.
3.2 The following terms used in this classification have specific meaning that are defined in Test Method E1007: absorption
1
This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E33 on Building and Environmental Acoustics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E33.10
on Structural Acoustics and Vibration.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2020Nov. 1, 2020. Published February 2020November 2020. Originally approved in 2020. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as
E3222 – 20. DOI: 10.1520/E3222-20.10.1520/E3222-20A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E3222 − 20a
normalized impact sound pressure level, ANISPL; apparent impact insulation class, AIIC; impact sound pressure level, ISPL;
impact sound rating, ISR; normalized impact sound rating, NISR; receiving room; reverberation time normalized impact sound
pressure level, RTNISPL.
3.3 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.3.1 absorption-normalized high-frequency impact rating, AHIR, n—the single-number rating calculated in accordance with this
classification using the absorption normalized impact sound pressure levels measured in a building, as described in Test Method
E1007.
3.3.1.1 Discussion—
This rating is the high-frequency analog of the apparent impact insulation class (AIIC).
3.3.2 high-frequency impact insulation class, HIIC, n—of a floor-ceiling assembly installed in a laboratory, the single-number
rating calculated in accordance with this classification using the normalized impact sound pressure levels as described in Test
Method E492.
3.3.2.1 Discussion—
This rating is the high-frequency analog of the impact insulation class (IIC).
3.3.3 high-frequency imp
...

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mks acoustic ohm (Pa·s/m3)  
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cgs rayl  
mks rayl (Pa·s/m)  
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1.1 This test method covers the laboratory measurement of impact sound transmission of floor-ceiling assemblies using a standardized tapping machine. It is assumed that the test specimen constitutes the primary sound transmission path into a receiving room located directly below and that a good approximation to a diffuse sound field exists in this room.  
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Standard Terminology Relating to Building and Environmental Acoustics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Definitions—Terms and related definitions given in Section 4 are intended for use uniformly and consistently in all building and environmental acoustic test standards in which they appear.  
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to Each Standard:  
3.2.1 As indicated in Section 4, terms and their definitions are intended to provide a precise understanding and interpretation of the building and environmental acoustic test standards in which they appear.  
3.2.2 A specific definition of a given term is applicable to the standard or standards in which the term is described and used.  
3.2.3 Different definitions of the same term are acceptable provided each one is consistent with and is not in conflict with the standard definition for the same term, that is, the general concept the term describes.  
3.2.4 If a standard under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E33 specially defines a term, i.e. provides a definition different in any way from what is given in Section 4 of Terminology C634, that standard shall list the term and its description under the subheading, Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard.
3.2.4.1 Discussion—The mandatory language of section 3.2.4 is consistent with the mandatory language from §E2 of Form and Style for ASTM Standards (April 2020) and with the ASTM Committee E33 bylaws in place when this standard was published; it reflects a situation that exists, it does not prescribe anything.  
3.3 Definitions for some terms associated with building and environmental acoustic issues and not included in Terminology C634 are found in ISO/TR 25417 or IEEE P260.4. When discrepancies exist, the definition in Terminology C634 shall prevail.
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers terms, related definitions, and descriptions of terms used or likely to be used in building and environmental acoustics standards. Definitions of terms are special-purpose definitions that are consistent with the standard definitions but are written to ensure that a specific building and environmental acoustics standard is properly understood and precisely interpreted. The primary focus of this document is upon terms, definitions and descriptions found within standards under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E33; however, terms, definitions and descriptions that are of general interest to the field of acoustics are also included.  
1.2 This building and environmental acoustics standard cannot be used to provide quantitative measures.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C384-04(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Impedance and Absorption of Acoustical Materials by Impedance Tube Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The acoustical impedance properties of a sound absorptive material are related to its physical properties, such as airflow resistance, porosity, elasticity, and density. As such, the measurements described in this test method are useful in basic research and product development of sound absorptive materials.  
5.2 Normal incidence sound absorption coefficients are more useful than random incidence coefficients in certain situations. They are used, for example, to predict the effect of placing material in a small enclosed space, such as inside a machine.  
5.3 Estimates of the random incidence or statistical absorption coefficients for materials can be obtained from normal incidence impedance data. For materials that are locally reacting, that is, without sound propagation inside the material parallel to its surface, statistical absorption coefficients can be estimated from specific normal acoustic impedance values using an expression derived by London (1).5 Locally reacting materials include those with high internal losses parallel with the surface such as porous or fibrous materials of high density or materials that are backed by partitioned cavities such as a honeycomb core. Formulas for estimating random incidence sound absorption properties for both locally and bulk-reacting materials, as well as for multilayer systems with and without air spaces have also been developed (2).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the use of an impedance tube, alternatively called a standing wave apparatus, for the measurement of impedance ratios and the normal incidence sound absorption coefficients of acoustical materials.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E1042-22(Classification)
Standard Classification for Acoustically Absorptive Materials Applied by Trowel or Spray

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Acoustically absorptive materials are used for the control of reverberation and echoes in rooms. This standard provides a classification method for acoustically absorptive materials applied directly to surfaces by trowel or by spray.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification covers materials applied by trowel or spray to surfaces for the purpose of increasing their acoustical absorption.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E1573-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measurement and Reporting of Masking Sound Levels Using A-Weighted and One-Third-Octave-Band Sound Pressure Levels

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Acoustical performance is dependent on many factors (see Guide E1374 for a discussion on general office acoustical considerations). One of these factors is the masking sound. The masking spectrum shape and level must conform within specified tolerances throughout the treated area. The measurement and recording of these parameters are addressed in this test method.  
5.2 The results from this test method are used to determine if the masking sound meets a particular specification.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method specifies the procedure used to measure the masking sound in terms of A-weighted and one-third-octave-band sound pressure levels.  
1.2 The results of this test method can be used to determine if and where the masking sound meets (or does not meet) a particular specification.  
1.3 This test method does not evaluate the overall acoustical environment. It is intended only to measure and report the masking sound levels.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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