ASTM D451-91(2002)

Standard Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Granular Mineral Surfacing For Asphalt Roofing Products

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is used to determine the grading of materials used as granular mineral surfacing. The results are used to determine compliance of the particle size distribution with applicable specification requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the particle size distribution of granular mineral surfacing material such as crushed slate, stone, coated granules, etc., used on the weather surface of prepared asphalt roofing and shingles.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Mar-1991
• ICS: 91.100.15 - Mineral materials and products
• Technical Committee: D08 - Roofing and Waterproofing
• Drafting Committee: D08.02 - Steep Roofing Products and Assemblies

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D451-91(1996)e1 - Standard Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Granular Mineral Surfacing For Asphalt Roofing Products
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-1991
• Replaced By: ASTM D451-91(2008) - Standard Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Granular Mineral Surfacing For Asphalt Roofing Products
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 451 – 91 (Reapproved 2002)
Standard Test Method for
Sieve Analysis of Granular Mineral Surfacing For Asphalt
1
Roofing Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 451; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
TABLE 1 Report Form
1. Scope
Retained on Sieve Passing Sieve Percent
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the particle
3.35-mm (No. 6) . . .
size distribution of granular mineral surfacing material such as
A
2.36-mm (No. 8) 3.35-mm (No. 6) .
crushed slate, stone, coated granules, and so forth, used on the
1.70-mm (No. 12) 2.36-mm (No. 8) .
weather surface of prepared asphalt roofing and shingles.
1.18-mm (No. 16) 1.70-mm (No. 12) .
850-µm (No. 20) 1.18-mm (No. 16) .
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
600-µm (No. 30) 850-µm (No. 20) .
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
425-µm (No. 40) 600-µm (No. 30) .
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
300-µm (No. 50) 425-µm (No. 40) .
212-µm (No. 70) 300-µm (No. 50) .
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
150-µm (No. 100) 212-µm (No. 70) .
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
150-µm (No. 100) .
Total
2. Referenced Documents
A
Designates U.S. Standard Sieve.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E 11 Specification for Wire Cloth and Sieves for Testing
5.2 Sieve Shaker—A mechanically operated sieve shaker
2
Purposes
that produces a uniform rotary motion and tapping action with
140to160tapsperminute.Thesieveshakershallbefittedwith
3. Summary of Test Method
a hard maple plug to receive the impact of the tapping device.
3.1 A weighed sample of granular mineral surfacing mate-
The entire apparatus shall be rigidly mounted by bolting to a
rial is separated through a series of sieves of progressively
solid foundation, preferably concrete.
smaller openings for the determination of particle size distri-
5.3 Sample Splitter—A riffle sampler with 9.5 or 12.7-mm
bution.
3 1
( ⁄8 or ⁄2-in) divisions, for reducing the sample to the specimen
required for sieve analysis.
4. Significance and Use
5.4 Balance—A laboratory balance sensitive to 0.1 g.
4.1 This test method is used to determine the grading of
materials used as granular mineral surfacing. The results are
6. Sampling
used to determine compliance of the particle size distribution
6.1 Each shipment of mineral granules of a single type shall
with applicable specification requirements.
be considered a unit for sampling. If a shipment contains more
than one type of granule, the entire quantity of each type in the
5. Apparatus
vehicle shall be considered a unit for sampling.
5.1 Sieves—Aset of the sieves listed inTable 1, conforming
6.2 Take the sample of mineral granules shipped in bulk
to Specification E 11. For routine testing, the group of sieves
from the chute or conveyor while the vehicle is being loaded or
actually used shall include only those appropriate for the
unloaded.The ideal place is just where the material drops from
granular material being graded. Coarser or finer sieves, on
the chute or belt. Collect equal portions from the full width and
which less than 0.05 mass % of the specimen would be found
thickness of the stream at regular intervals with such frequency
after sieving, need not be included in the group.
thataminimumoffivesampleswillbetakenandthetotalmass
of the sample will not be less than 7.3 kg (16 lb). Do not allow
1
the sampling receptacle to overflow under any circumstances.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-08 on
Roofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.02
Overflow would tend to reject a higher proportion of the large
on Prepared Roofings, Shingles, and Siding Materials.
particles than the small ones, and a representative sample
Current edition approved March 15, 1991. Published May 1991. Originally
would not be obtained. The sample should not include the
published as D 451 – 73 T. Last previous edition D 451 – 85.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02. initial material discharge from the chute or conveyor.
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D 451 – 91 (2002)
6.3 Take the sample from a shipment of mineral granules 8.3 Carefullyremovetheportionofthespecimenretainedon
shipped in bags, selected at random and equal in number to the each of the sieves and on the pan, and weigh each portion to
cube root of the total number of bags in th
...