ASTM D3237-17

Standard Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is used to ensure compliance of trace lead as required by federal regulation for lead-free gasoline (40 CFR part 80).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the total lead content of gasoline within the concentration range of 0.010 g to 0.10 g of lead/U.S. gal (2.5 mg/L to 25 mg/L). This test method compensates for variations in gasoline composition and is independent of lead alkyl type.  
1.2 The values given in grams per U.S. gallon are to be regarded as the standard in the United States. Note that in other countries, other units can be preferred.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 6.6 and 6.8.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2017
• ICS: 75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.03 - Elemental Analysis

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D3237 − 17
Standard Test Method for
1
Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3237; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
Petroleum Products
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the total
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
lead content of gasoline within the concentration range of
Petroleum Products
0.010 g to 0.10 g of lead/U.S. gal (2.5 mg⁄L to 25 mg/L). This
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
testmethodcompensatesforvariationsingasolinecomposition
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
and is independent of lead alkyl type.
Measurement System Performance
1.2 The values given in grams per U.S. gallon are to be
D6792 Practice for Quality Management Systems in Petro-
regardedasthestandardintheUnitedStates.Notethatinother
leum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants Testing
countries, other units can be preferred.
Laboratories
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D7740 Practice for Optimization, Calibration, and Valida-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the tion ofAtomicAbsorption Spectrometry for MetalAnaly-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
sis of Petroleum Products and Lubricants
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3. Summary of Test Method
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
3.1 The gasoline sample is diluted with methyl isobutyl
statements, see 6.6 and 6.8.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- ketoneandthealkylleadcomponentsarestabilizedbyreaction
with iodine and a quaternary ammonium salt. The lead content
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the of the sample is determined by atomic absorption flame
spectrometry at 283.3 nm, using standards prepared from
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical reagent grade lead chloride. By the use of this treatment, all
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. alkyl lead compounds give identical response.
3.2 Protocols for using atomic absorption spectrometry are
2. Referenced Documents
given in Practice D7740.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4. Significance and Use
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1368 Test Method for Trace Concentrations of Lead in
4.1 This test method is used to ensure compliance of trace
3
Primary Reference Fuels (Withdrawn 1994)
leadasrequiredbyfederalregulationforlead-freegasoline(40
D2550 Method of Test for Water Separation Characteristics
CFR part 80).
3
of Aviation Turbine Fuels (Withdrawn 1989)
5. Apparatus
D3116 Test Method for Trace Amounts of Lead in Gasoline
3
(Withdrawn 1994)
5.1 Atomic Absorption Spectrometer, capable of scale ex-
pansion and nebulizer adjustment, and equipped with a slot
burnerandpremixchamberforusewithanair-acetyleneflame.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
5.2 Volumetric Flasks, 50 mL, 100 mL, 250 mL, and 1 L
Subcommittee D02.03 on Elemental Analysis.
sizes.
Current edition approved June 1, 2017. Published June 2017. Originally
approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D3237 – 12. DOI:
5.3 Pipets, 2 mL, 5 mL, 10 mL, 20 mL, and 50 mL sizes.
10.1520/D3237-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 5.4 Micropipet, 100 µL, Eppendorf type or equivalent.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 6. Reagents
the ASTM website.
3
6.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D3237 − 17
all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit- representative of the samples of interest. These QC samples
tee onAnalytical Reagents of theAmerican Chemica
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3237 − 12 D3237 − 17
Standard Test Method for
1
Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3237; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the total lead content of gasoline within the concentration range of
0.0100.010 g to 0.10 g 0.10 g of lead/U.S. gal (2.5(2.5 mg ⁄L to 25 mg/L). This test method compensates for variations in gasoline
composition and is independent of lead alkyl type.
1.2 The values given in grams per U.S. gallon are to be regarded as the standard in the United States. Note that in other
countries, other units can be preferred.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 6.6 and 6.8.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
3
D1368 Test Method for Trace Concentrations of Lead in Primary Reference Fuels (Withdrawn 1994)
3
D2550 Method of Test for Water Separation Characteristics of Aviation Turbine Fuels (Withdrawn 1989)
3
D3116 Test Method for Trace Amounts of Lead in Gasoline (Withdrawn 1994)
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
D6792 Practice for Quality Management Systems in Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
D7740 Practice for Optimization, Calibration, and Validation of Atomic Absorption Spectrometry for Metal Analysis of
Petroleum Products and Lubricants
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 The gasoline sample is diluted with methyl isobutyl ketone and the alkyl lead components are stabilized by reaction with
iodine and a quaternary ammonium salt. The lead content of the sample is determined by atomic absorption flame spectrometry
at 283.3 nm, 283.3 nm, using standards prepared from reagent grade lead chloride. By the use of this treatment, all alkyl lead
compounds give identical response.
3.2 Protocols for using atomic absorption spectrometry are given in Practice D7740.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method is used to ensure compliance of trace lead as required by federal regulation for lead-free gasoline (40 CFR
part 80).
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.03 on Elemental Analysis.
Current edition approved June 1, 2012June 1, 2017. Published August 2012June 2017. Originally approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 20062012 as
ε1
D3237D3237 – 12.– 06 . DOI: 10.1520/D3237–12.10.1520/D3237-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3237 − 17
5. Apparatus
5.1 Atomic Absorption Spectrometer, capable of scale expansion and nebulizer adjustment, and equipped with a slot burner and
premix chamber for use with an air-acetylene flame.
5.2 Volumetric Flasks, 50-mL, 100-mL, 250-mL, and 1-L50 mL,
...