ASTM C1086-09(2016)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Glass Fiber Mechanically Bonded Felt Thermal Insulation
Standard Specification for Glass Fiber Mechanically Bonded Felt Thermal Insulation
ABSTRACT
This specification covers glass fiber unsupported needled felt binder-free thermal insulations. This material is used as the thermal insulation component in the fabrication of insulation systems for use on machinery and equipment, such as steam turbines, boilers, boiler feed pumps, and piping at specified elevated temperatures. Thermal insulations should adhere to the following physical requirements: apparent thermal conductivity, hot surface performance, tensile strength, non-combustibility, and dimensions (nominal thickness, mass per unit area, length, and width).
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers glass fiber unsupported needled felt (mechanically bonded) binder-free insulation for thermal insulation. This material is used as the thermal insulation component in the fabrication of insulation systems for use on machinery and equipment, such as steam turbines, boilers, boiler feed pumps, and piping at temperatures from ambient up to 1200°F (650°C).
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 See Supplementary Requirements for modifications to paragraphs in this standard when using Specification C1086 in lieu of the United States Department of Defense, Department of Navy, Naval Sea Systems Command, in Washington, DC. Military Specifications No.(s) MIL-I-16411F.
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Designation:C1086 −09 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Specification for
Glass Fiber Mechanically Bonded Felt Thermal Insulation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1086; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope C390Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal
Insulation Lots
1.1 This specification covers glass fiber unsupported
C411Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-
needled felt (mechanically bonded) binder-free insulation for
Temperature Thermal Insulation
thermal insulation. This material is used as the thermal
C518Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission
insulation component in the fabrication of insulation systems
Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
for use on machinery and equipment, such as steam turbines,
C1045Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission Prop-
boilers, boiler feed pumps, and piping at temperatures from
erties Under Steady-State Conditions
ambient up to 1200°F (650°C).
C1058Practice for Selecting Temperatures for Evaluating
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
and Reporting Thermal Properties of Thermal Insulation
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D123Terminology Relating to Textiles
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D578Specification for Glass Fiber Strands
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
2.2 U.S. Federal Standard:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. 3
FED-STD-191Textile Test Methods
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
2.3 U.S. Military Standards:
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
MIL-I-16411FInsulation Felt, Thermal, Glass Fiber
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
MIL-STD-1623Fire Performance Requirements and Ap-
and are not considered standard.
proved Specifications for Interior Finish Materials and
1.4 See Supplementary Requirements for modifications to
Furnishings (Naval Shipboard Use)
paragraphs in this standard when using Specification C1086 in
3. Terminology
lieu of the United States Department of Defense, Department
of Navy, Naval Sea Systems Command, in Washington, DC.
3.1 Definitions:
Military Specifications No.(s) MIL-I-16411F.
3.1.1 Terminology C168 and D123 shall be considered as
applying to the terms used in this specification.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.2 Definitions in Specification D578 shall be considered
as applying to the terms used in defining glass fiber composi-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tion code, process, and fiber diameter.
C167Test Methods forThickness and Density of Blanket or
Batt Thermal Insulations
4. Classification
C168Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
C177Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure- 4.1 Thermal insulation shall be glass fiber, unsupported
ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of needled felt insulation, for use on surfaces with temperatures
the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus up to 1200°F (650°C).
C335Test Method for Steady-State HeatTransfer Properties
5. Ordering Information
of Pipe Insulation
5.1 The purchase order or contract shall specify the follow-
ing:
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on
5.1.1 Quantity of each thickness (10.1).
Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.23 on
5.1.2 Any special requirements for nonstandard sizes or
Blanket and Loose Fill Insulation.
dimensions (10.2 and 10.3).
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2016. Published December 2016. Originally
5.1.3 Any requirements for certification (19.1).
approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C1086–09. DOI:
10.1520/C1086-09R16.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
the ASTM website. www.dodssp.daps.mil.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1086−09 (2016)
TABLE 2 Physical Requirements
5.1.4 Any special requirements for supplementary testing
requirements (9.1). and Thickness, length of roll See Table 3
Mass per unit area See Table 4
5.1.5 Any special packaging information.
A
Apparent Thermal Conductivity, Max
Btu in./h ft F (W/mK) at mean temp. of:
6. Materials and Manufacture
75°F (24°C) 0.29 (0.042)
300°F (149°C) 0.40 (0.058)
6.1 The material shall consist of 100% glass fiber needled
500°F (260°C) 0.50 (0.072)
into insulation felts without the use of binders. No organic
700°F (371°C) 0.65 (0.094)
Hot Surface Performance no melting, no significant
fibers and no glass or mineral shot shall be included in the
at 1200°F (650°C) shrinkage (max 5 %)
product. It is acceptable for the insulation felt to be composed
Tensile strength: psi (kPa)
oflaminatesformedwithouttheuseofbinders.Theglassfibers
Minimum 5 (34.5)
Non-Combustibility Pass
shall meet the designation C, Continuous Filament Yarns, in
A
It is possible that the thermal transmission properties of felted glass fiber thermal
accordance with Specification D578 (see Note 1).
insulation will vary with temperature, temperature gradient, thickness and shape.
6.2 The fiber diameter of the glass fiber used in the final Note that the apparent thermal conductivity requirements specified in the table are
based on samples tested under conditions specified in 16.1.3. These are com-
product, when determined in accordance with the Filament
parative values for establishing specification compliance and it is possible that they
Diameter section of Specification D578 shall conform to the
do not represent the installed performance of the insulation under use conditions
requirementsofTable1.Thecertificationofthediameterofthe of the insulation differing substantially from the test conditions.
fiber is to be provided in one of two ways: either by the felt
manufacturer or by certification of the glass fiber supplier and
TABLE 3 Standard Dimensions
documentation by the manufacturer as to sources of supply.
Nominal Insulation
6.3 Allmaterialsusedshallbeasbestosandceramic(refrac-
Thickness, Length,
tory) fiber-free. in. (mm) ft (m)
0.3 (7.6) 150 (45.2)
NOTE 1—The fibers from glass composition designated as “E” glass
0.5 (12.7) 75 (22.9)
(electrical glass) in the range from D through G meet the requirements of
0.75 (19.1) 45 (13.7)
1.0 (25.4) 45 (13.7)
Tables 1 and 2.
7. Physical Properties
7.1 When tested in accordance with Section 16, the insula-
10.2 Insulation Length—Unless otherwise specified, the
tion shall conform to the physical requirements listed in Table
insulation shall be furnished in rolls of the lengths given in
2.
Table 3.
10.3 Insulation Width—Unless otherwise specified (5.1.2),
8. Performance Characteristics
the width of the insulation shall be 60 in. (1.52 m).
8.1 Any of the following conditions can result in damage to
10.4 Nominal Mass per Area—The insulation shall be fur-
the needled glass fiber insulation:
nished in the mass per area shown in Table 4.
8.1.1 Direct exposure to hydrofluoric acid.
8.1.2 Prolonged direct exposure to strong caustics.
11. Dimensional Tolerances
8.1.3 Prolonged exposure to boiling water.
11.1 Thickness Tolerance—The average thickness as deter-
8.2 Conditions outlined in 8.1 are mentioned only to make
mined in accordance with 16.1.1 shall be within 60.125 in.
the user aware of such applications that require special
(3.2 mm) of the specified thickness.
consideration. Contact the insulation manufacturer for recom-
11.2 Mass per Area Tolerance—The average mass per area
mendations when the above conditions are anticipated.
shall be within 610% of that specified in Table 4.
9. Other Requirements
11.3 Insulation Length/Tolerance—The tolerance on the
lengths, listed in Table 3, shall be−6 in. (−152 mm), with
9.1 Supplementary requirements include qualification tests
andacceptanceteststospecialstandards.Thesesupplementary excess permitted. It is acceptable for a roll to contain either a
maximumofonefullthicknessspliceorconsistofamaximum
requirements are made by agreement to the supplier and the
purchaser only when specified in the purchase order or of two pieces.
contract.
11.4 Width—The width shall be within−0.5 in. (13 mm),
to+1.0 in. (25 mm) of the specified width.
10. Standard Sizes and Dimensions
10.1 Thickness—The insulation shall be furnished in the
TABLE 4 Standard Parameters
thicknesses shown in Table 3.
Nominal
Mass per Area
Thickness,
2 2
oz/ft (kg/m )
in. (mm)
TABLE 1 Requirements for Diameter of Fiber
0.3 (7.6) 3.5 (1.07)
Diameter of Fiber Inch (Millimetre) 0.5 (12.7) 6.0 (1.83)
Average diameter shall not exceed 0.00036 (0.009) 0.75 (19.1) 12.25 (3.74)
90 % shall be less than 0.00040 (0.102) 1.0 (25.4) 15.0 (4.58)
C1086−09 (2016)
12. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance specimen taken for the thickness measurement to be used for
the weight per unit area measurement.
12.1 Since some requirements for this material are not
16.1.3 Apparent Thermal Conductivity—Apparent thermal
easily defined by a numerical value, the insulation shall not
conductivity shall be determined in accordance with Test
have visible defects that will adversely affect its service
MethodsC177, C335 or C518. In case of dispute,Test
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1086 − 09 C1086 − 09 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Specification for
Glass Fiber Mechanically Bonded Felt Thermal Insulation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1086; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers glass fiber unsupported needled felt (mechanically bonded) binder-free insulation for thermal
insulation. This material is used as the thermal insulation component in the fabrication of insulation systems for use on machinery
and equipment, such as steam turbines, boilers, boiler feed pumps, and piping at temperatures from ambient up to 1200°F (650°C).
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 See Supplementary Requirements for modifications to paragraphs in this standard when using Specification C1086 in lieu
of the United States Department of Defense, Department of Navy, Naval Sea Systems Command, in Washington, DC. Military
Specifications No.(s) MIL-I-16411F.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C167 Test Methods for Thickness and Density of Blanket or Batt Thermal Insulations
C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the
Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
C335 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Properties of Pipe Insulation
C390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal Insulation Lots
C411 Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal Insulation
C518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
C1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission Properties Under Steady-State Conditions
C1058 Practice for Selecting Temperatures for Evaluating and Reporting Thermal Properties of Thermal Insulation
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D578 Specification for Glass Fiber Strands
2.2 U.S. Federal Standard:
FED-STD-191 Textile Test Methods
2.3 U.S. Military Standards:
MIL-I-16411F Insulation Felt, Thermal, Glass Fiber
MIL-STD-1623 Fire Performance Requirements and Approved Specifications for Interior Finish Materials and Furnishings
(Naval Shipboard Use)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 Terminology C168 and D123 shall be considered as applying to the terms used in this specification.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.23 on Blanket and Loose
Fill Insulation.
Current edition approved May 1, 2009Nov. 15, 2016. Published June 2009December 2016. Originally approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 20082009 as
C1086 – 08.C1086 – 09. DOI: 10.1520/C1086-09.10.1520/C1086-09R16.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://www.dodssp.daps.mil.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1086 − 09 (2016)
3.1.2 Definitions in Specification D578 shall be considered as applying to the terms used in defining glass fiber composition
code, process, and fiber diameter.
4. Classification
4.1 Thermal insulation shall be glass fiber, unsupported needled felt insulation, for use on surfaces with temperatures up to
1200°F (650°C).
5. Ordering Information
5.1 The purchase order or contract shall specify the following:
5.1.1 Quantity of each thickness (10.1).
5.1.2 Any special requirements for nonstandard sizes or dimensions (10.2 and 10.3).
5.1.3 Any requirements for certification (19.1).
5.1.4 Any special requirements for supplementary testing requirements (9.1). and
5.1.5 Any special packaging information.
6. Materials and Manufacture
6.1 The material shall consist of 100 % glass fiber needled into insulation felts without the use of binders. No organic fibers and
no glass or mineral shot shall be included in the product. It is acceptable for the insulation felt to be composed of laminates formed
without the use of binders. The glass fibers shall meet the designation C, Continuous Filament Yarns, in accordance with
Specification D578 (see Note 1).
6.2 The fiber diameter of the glass fiber used in the final product, when determined in accordance with the Filament Diameter
section of Specification D578 shall conform to the requirements of Table 1. The certification of the diameter of the fiber is to be
provided in one of two ways: either by the felt manufacturer or by certification of the glass fiber supplier and documentation by
the manufacturer as to sources of supply.
6.3 All materials used shall be asbestos and ceramic (refractory) fiber-free.
NOTE 1—The fibers from glass composition designated as “E” glass (electrical glass) in the range from D through G meet the requirements of Tables
1 and 2.
7. Physical Properties
7.1 When tested in accordance with Section 16, the insulation shall conform to the physical requirements listed in Table 2.
8. Performance Characteristics
8.1 Any of the following conditions can result in damage to the needled glass fiber insulation:
8.1.1 Direct exposure to hydrofluoric acid.
8.1.2 Prolonged direct exposure to strong caustics.
8.1.3 Prolonged exposure to boiling water.
8.2 Conditions outlined in 8.1 are mentioned only to make the user aware of such applications that require special consideration.
Contact the insulation manufacturer for recommendations when the above conditions are anticipated.
9. Other Requirements
9.1 Supplementary requirements include qualification tests and acceptance tests to special standards. These supplementary
requirements are made by agreement to the supplier and the purchaser only when specified in the purchase order or contract.
10. Standard Sizes and Dimensions
10.1 Thickness—The insulation shall be furnished in the thicknesses shown in Table 3.
10.2 Insulation Length—Unless otherwise specified, the insulation shall be furnished in rolls of the lengths given in Table 3.
10.3 Insulation Width—Unless otherwise specified (5.1.2), the width of the insulation shall be 60 in. (1.52 m).
10.4 Nominal Mass per Area—The insulation shall be furnished in the mass per area shown in Table 4.
TABLE 1 Requirements for Diameter of Fiber
Diameter of Fiber Inch (Millimetre)
Average diameter shall not exceed 0.00036 (0.009)
90 % shall be less than 0.00040 (0.102)
C1086 − 09 (2016)
TABLE 2 Physical Requirements
Thickness, length of roll See Table 3
Mass per unit area See Table 4
A
Apparent Thermal Conductivity, Max
Btu in./h ft F (W/mK) at mean temp. of:
75°F (24°C) 0.29 (0.042)
300°F (149°C) 0.40 (0.058)
500°F (260°C) 0.50 (0.072)
700°F (371°C) 0.65 (0.094)
Hot Surface Performance no melting, no significant
at 1200°F (650°C) shrinkage (max 5 %)
Tensile strength: psi (kPa)
Minimum 5 (34.5)
Non-Combustibility Pass
A
It is possible that the thermal transmission properties of felted glass fiber thermal
insulation will vary with temperature, temperature gradient, thickness and shape.
Note that the apparent thermal conductivity requirements specified in the table are
based on samples tested under conditions specified in 16.1.3. These are com-
parative values for establishing specification compliance and it is possible that they
do not represent the installed performance of the insulation under use conditions
of the insulation differing substantially from the test conditions.
TABLE 3 Standard Dimensions
Nominal Insulation
Thickness, Length,
in. (mm) ft (m)
0.3 (7.6) 150 (45.2)
0.5 (12.7) 75 (22.9)
0.75 (19.1) 45 (13.7)
1.0 (25.4) 45 (13.7)
TABLE 4 Standard Parameters
Nominal
Mass per Area
Thickness,
2 2
oz/ft (kg/m )
in. (mm)
0.3 (7.6) 3.5 (1.07)
0.5 (12.7) 6.0 (1.83)
0.75 (19.1) 12.25 (3.74)
1.0 (25.4) 15.0 (4.58)
11. Dimensional Tolerances
11.1 Thickness Tolerance—The average thickness as determined in accordance with 16.1.1 shall be within 60.125 in. (3.2 mm)
of the specified thickness.
11.2 Mass per Area Tolerance—The average mass per area shall be within 610 % of that specified in Table 4.
11.3 Insulation Length/Tolerance—The tolerance on the lengths, listed in Table 3, shall be −6 in. (−152 mm), with excess
permitted. It is acceptable for a roll to contain either a maximum of one full thickness splice or consist of a maximum of two pieces.
11.4 Width—The width shall be within −0.5 in. (13 mm), to +1.0 in. (25 mm) of the specified width.
12. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
12.1 Since some requirements for this material are not easily defined by a numerical value, the insulation shall not have visible
defects that will adversely affect its service qualities.
13. Qualification Requirements
13.1 The following requirements are generally employed for the purpose of initial material or product qualification in
accordance with Practice C390:
13.1.1 Standard sizes and dimensions,
13.1.2 Apparent thermal conductivity,
13.1.3 Di
...
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