C16.23 - Blanket and Loose Fill Insulation

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the composition and physical requirements of chemically treated, recycled cellulosic fiber loose-fill type thermal insulation for installation in attics or enclosed spaces in housing and other buildings by pneumatic or pouring method. While the products are used in various constructions, they are adaptable primarily, but not exclusively, to wood joists, rafters, and stud constructions. The basic material shall be made from selected paper, paperboard stock, or ground wood stock, excluding contaminated materials, which may reasonably be expected to be retained in the finished product. Suitable chemicals are introduced to provide properties such as flame resistance, processing, and handling characteristics. Products shall be prepared suitably to undergo test methods, for which they should comply with the following physical and chemical property requirements: corrosiveness; critical radiant flux; fungi resistance; moisture vapor sorption; odor emission; smoldering combustion; and thermal resistance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the composition and physical requirements of chemically treated, recycled cellulosic fiber loose-fill type thermal insulation for use in attics or enclosed spaces in housing, and other framed buildings within the ambient temperature range from −45 to 90°C by pneumatic or pouring application. While products that comply with this specification are used in various constructions, they are adaptable primarily, but not exclusively, to wood joist, rafters, and stud construction.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Coverage charts list the required installed and product in-service parameters of minimum thickness, maximum net coverage per package, and minimum mass per unit area to achieve each listed thermal performance (R-value) level. Chart information corresponds to numerous standard R-value levels representing common building codes, industry standards, or legislated requirements (see example in the Appendix X1) and therefore additional chart columns may be required, that is, number of packages per 1 000 ft2 (100m2), and initial installed thickness.  
5.2 This guide applies to coverage charts for installations in open, horizontal attic floor spaces. Chart maximum net coverages are based upon net floor area; framing area deducted. Sloped ceilings, HVAC equipment and ductwork, and other factors can significantly influence product coverage and are to be considered by the manufacturer.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides information to manufacturers for the development of a loose-fill thermal insulation product coverage chart. This guide is limited to developing a coverage chart from density versus thickness, apparent thermal conductivity versus density, and thickness versus area mass relationships obtained through product testing.  
1.2 This guide applies to a wide variety of loose-fill thermal insulation products including mineral fiber (Specification C764), or cellulosic fiber (Specification C739) materials; granular types including vermiculite (Specification C516) and perlite (Specification C549); pelletized products; and any other insulation materials that are installed pneumatically or poured in place.  
1.3 Coverage charts for loose-fill insulation products are required by regulation under the United States Federal Trade Commission’s 16 CFR Part 460. Other countries or local governing agencies may have coverage chart requirements in addition to, or that differ from, those presented in this guide; see the Appendix for examples.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard for the composition and physical properties of expanded perlite loose fill insulation. This specification also covers the testing procedures used in determining the acceptability of the materials which deal primarily with material performance in the temperature range associated with the thermal envelope of buildings. This specification also covers the standard for surface-treated perlite proposed for use in dust suppression. Requirements for the insulation shall include conformance to standard of the following: bulk density, grading, thermal resistance, moisture absorption, combustibility, surface burning characteristics, and dust suppression.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the composition and physical properties of expanded perlite loose fill insulation. The specification includes the testing procedures by which the acceptability of the material is determined. These testing procedures deal primarily with material performance in the temperature range associated with the thermal envelope of buildings; however, the commercially usable temperature range for this insulation is from − 459 to 1400°F (1 to 1033 K). For specialized applications, refer to the manufacturer's instructions.  
1.2 The specification covers the composition and properties of perlite that has been surface-treated to produce dust suppression for installations where dust is a factor.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The following applies to Test Methods E84 and E136—This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.5 The following applies to Test Methods E84 and E136—Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.  
1.6 When the installation or use of thermal insulation materials, accessories and systems, may pose safety or health problems, the manufacturer shall provide the user appropriate current information regarding any known problems associated with the recommended use of the company's products, and shall also recommend protective measures to be employed in their safe utilization. The user shall establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use. For additional precautionary statements, see Section 12.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the classification, composition, and physical properties of flexible fibrous glass insulation for use as interior surface of walls and roofs of metal buildings. The basic insulation blanket is designed to be postprocessed by a laminating process that applies an adhesive bonded facing to provide the interior finish and vapor retarder requirements for the building envelope The flexible insulation is furnished into Types I and II. Type I which is a glass processed from the molten state into fibrous form, bonded with a thermosetting resin, and formed into a resilient flexible blanket or batt. Type II is a Type I material supplied with a suitable facing adhered to one surface. The following physical properties of Types I and II materials shall be determined: thermal resistance, surface burning characteristics, combustion characteristics, water vapor sorption, fungi resistance, corrosiveness, odor emission, dimensional tolerances, and humid aging.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the classification, composition, and physical properties of flexible fibrous glass insulation for use in metal building roofs and walls.  
1.2 The basic insulation blanket is designed to be post-processed by a laminating process that applies an adhesive bonded facing.  
1.3 The thermal values measured in accordance with this specification for both pre-processed and post-processed insulation are for the insulation only and do not include the effects of air-film surface resistance, changes in mean temperature, or compression of insulation at the framing members of the building, through metal conductance of fasteners and other parallel heat-transfer paths due to design or installation techniques.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the composition and physical properties of mineral-fiber blanket insulation used to thermally or acoustically insulate ceilings, floors, and walls in light frame construction and manufactured housing. The requirements cover fibrous blankets and facings. Typical mineral-fiber thermal insulation is classified into the following types, classes, and categories: Type I; Type II (Class A, Class B, and Class C (Category 1 and Category 2)); and Type III (Class A, Class B, and Class C (Category 1 and Category 2)). The following test methods shall be performed: dimensions; thermal resistance; surface burning characteristics; critical radiant flux; water vapor permeance; water vapor sorption; odor emission; corrosiveness; and fungi resistance.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
11.1 This specification applies to products that are used in buildings. While products that comply with this specification are used in various constructions, they are adaptable primarily, but not exclusively, to wood frame construction.  
11.2 Since the property of thermal resistance for a specific thickness of blanket is only part of the total thermal performance of a building element such as a wall, ceiling, floor, and so forth, this specification states only general classifications for thermal resistance of the fibrous blanket itself. Facings that provide additional resistance to water-vapor transfer can affect system performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the composition and physical properties of mineral-fiber blanket insulation used to thermally or acoustically insulate ceilings, floors, and walls in light frame construction and manufactured housing. The requirements cover fibrous blankets and facings. Values for water-vapor permeance of facings are suggested for information that will be helpful to designers and installers.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the classification and performance of flexible aerogel thermal insulation. It indicates the mechanical, chemical, and property requirements of the flexible aerogel insulation, such as its thickness, density, and flexibility. It also lists the performance requirements for Types I, II, and III flexible aerogel insulation, and the acceptable dimensions and tolerances on flexible aerogel insulation sheets.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the classification and performance of flexible aerogel thermal insulation. This will cover the range of continuous exposure operating temperatures from –321°F (–196°C) up to 1200°F (649°C).  
1.2 For satisfactory performance, properly installed protective vapor retarders or barriers shall be used on below ambient temperature applications to reduce movement of moisture through or around the insulation to the colder surface. Failure to use a vapor retarder or barrier could lead to insulation and system non-performance.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods described in this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers self-supported spray applied cellulosic thermal insulation for use as thermal insulation or acoustical absorbent material, or both. The chemically-treated cellulosic materials that are also covered in this specification are used for pneumatic applications operating within a specific temperature range. The materials are classified into two types based on the type of adhesive used and exposure of the application. Specimens for testing should be prepared and tested using the prescribed methods and should conform to the specified values of density, thermal resistance, surface bonding characteristics, adhesive strength, cohesive strength, smoldering combustion, fungi resistance, corrosion, moisture vapor absorption, odor, flame resistance permanency, substrate deflection, and air erosion.
SCOPE
1.1 The specification covers the physical properties of self-supported spray applied cellulosic fibers intended for use as thermal insulation or an acoustical absorbent material, or both.  
1.2 This specification covers chemically treated cellulosic materials intended for pneumatic applications where temperatures do not exceed 82.2°C and where temperatures will routinely remain below 65.6°C.  
1.2.1 Type I—Material applied with liquid adhesive and suitable for either exposed or enclosed applications.  
1.2.2 Type II—Materials containing a dry adhesive that is activated by water during installation and intended only for enclosed or covered applications.  
1.3 This is a material specification only and is not intended to deal with methods of application that are supplied by the manufacturer.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers mineral fiber blanket insulation and blanket-type pipe insulation (metal-mesh covered) (industrial type). Mineral fiber metal-mesh covered blanket shall be composed of rock, slag, or glass processed from the molten state into fibrous form, bonded with or without an organic binder, and secured with metallic supporting facing(s). Types of facings for one or both sides of blanket units shall be specified. When both sides are to be faced, units are permitted to have the same or different types on the two sides. Each piece of metal-mesh covered insulation shall be coherent to permit handling/transportation and installation as a unit. A detectable odor of objectionable nature recorded by more than two of the five panel members shall constitute rejection of the material. When tested and evaluated, the corrosion resulting from the unfaced insulation blanket in contact with metal plates shall be judged to be no greater than comparative plates in contact with sterile cotton. The averaged maximum shot content of mineral fiber rock or slag type products shall not exceed 30 % by weight. When tested, the blanket insulation shall not warp, flame, or glow during hot surface exposure. When tested, the blanket mid-point temperature shall not at any time exceed the hot surface temperature by more than 100°F (55.5°C). When tested, the blanket insulation shall not exceed the recorded temperature rise more than 54°F (30°C) with no flaming and weight loss exceeding 5 %.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the composition, dimensions, and physical properties of mineral fiber (rock, slag, or glass) metal mesh covered and industrial type blanket and blanket-type pipe insulation (typically on 24 in. (610 mm) diameters or larger)). Its use is for cooled surfaces at temperatures operating below ambient to 0°F (−18°C) and on heated surfaces on expansion joints to large diameter vessels and tanks operating at temperatures up to 1200°F (649°C). Specific applications outside the actual use temperatures shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser.  
1.2 For satisfactory performance, properly installed protective vapor retarders or barriers shall be used on below ambient temperature applications to reduce movement of moisture/water vapor through or around the insulation towards the colder surface. Failure to use a vapor retarder can lead to insulation and system damage. Refer to Practice C921 to aid material selection. Although vapor retarder properties are not part of this specification, properties required in Specification C1136 are pertinent to applications or performance.  
1.3 The orientation of the fibers within the blanket is primarily parallel to the heated surface. This specification does not cover fabricated pipe and tank wrap insulation where the insulation has been cut and fabricated to provide fiber orientation that is perpendicular to the heated surface.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to provide the performance requirements of hourly-rated fire systems. Consult the manufacturer for the appropriate system.  
1.5 See Supplementary Requirements for modifications to sections in this standard only when specified by purchaser in the contract or order from the U.S. Military specifications utilized by the U.S. Department of Defense, Department of the Navy, and the Naval Systems Command.  
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internatio...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard for composition, size, dimensions, and physical properties of flexible glass blanket, ductwrap intended for use to insulate HVAC ducts. The basic materials shall be fibers manufacture from glass processed from the molten state into fibrous form. Bonded fibers formed into flexible blank rolls shall consist the insulation. Materials shall conform to physical requirements such as thermal resistance, surface burning characteristics, hot surface performance, water vapor permeance, water vapor sorption, odor emission, corrosiveness, and fungi resistance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the composition, size, dimensions, and physical properties of flexible fiber glass blanket, ductwrap, used to externally insulate HVAC ducts used for the distribution of condition air within the temperature range of 35°F (1.7°C) and 250°F (121°C).  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 When the installation and use of thermal insulation materials, accessories, and systems may pose safety and health problems, the manufacturer shall provide the user appropriate current information regarding any known problems associated with the recommended use of the company's products, and shall also recommend protective measures to be employed in their safe utilization. The user shall establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.  
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods, Section 13, in this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the composition, thermal performance, sound absorption performance, and physical properties of high-temperature fiber thermal insulation for use at temperatures from ambient to 3000°F (1649°C).  
1.2 The dry, loose high-temperature fibers shall be pneumatically conveyed to a chamber where they are mixed with a water-based chemical binder and then conveyed to a nozzle.  
1.3 The pneumatically applied, high-temperature fiber insulation is intended for use in industrial applications on flat, or nearly flat, surfaces. It is not intended for use on pipes.  
1.4 This specification addresses the use performance of this material in both thermal and acoustical applications.  
1.5 This specification does not address the requirements for fire-resistive insulation, but it does not preclude this material’s use in that capacity.  
1.6 This is a material specification only and is not intended to cover methods of application that are provided by the manufacturer.  
1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers glass fiber unsupported needled felt binder-free thermal insulations. This material is used as the thermal insulation component in the fabrication of insulation systems for use on machinery and equipment, such as steam turbines, boilers, boiler feed pumps, and piping at specified elevated temperatures. Thermal insulations should adhere to the following physical requirements: apparent thermal conductivity, hot surface performance, tensile strength, non-combustibility, and dimensions (nominal thickness, mass per unit area, length, and width).
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers glass fiber unsupported needled felt (mechanically bonded) binder-free insulation for thermal insulation. This material is used as the thermal insulation component in the fabrication of insulation systems for use on machinery and equipment, such as steam turbines, boilers, boiler feed pumps, and piping at temperatures from ambient up to 1200°F (650°C).  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice recognizes that effectiveness, safety, and durability of insulation depend not only on the quality of the insulating materials but also on their proper installation.  
4.2 This practice provides general procedures that will help to ensure installation of insulation in a safe and effective manner. It shall be noted that actual conditions in existing buildings vary greatly and in some cases additional care shall be taken to ensure effective and safe installation.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for the installation of mineral fiber batt and blanket thermal insulation in ceilings, attics, floors, and walls of new or existing housing and other light frame construction.  
1.2 This practice covers the installation process from pre-installation inspection through post-installation inspection. It does not cover the production of the insulation materials.  
1.3 This practice is not intended to replace installation instructions by manufacturers, but it shall be used in conjunction with such instructions. This practice is not intended to supersede local, state, or federal codes.  
1.4 This practice assumes that the installer possesses a working knowledge of applicable codes and regulations, safety practices, tools, equipment, and methods necessary for the installation of thermal insulation materials. It also assumes that the installer understands the fundamentals of construction that affect the installation of insulation.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for fibrous glass blanket thermal and acoustical insulation for use in aircraft applications up to a specified temperature. The fibrous glass blanket insulation are classified into types according to temperature limits, into classes based on acoustical properties, grades according to nominal density and into groups based on thickness. The insulation can either be water repellent or non-water repellent. The materials should conform to the required values of density, handleability, burning characteristics, water repellency and wicking (for water-repellent insulation only), odor emission, service temperature, apparent thermal conductivity, specific transverse airflow resistance, and breaking strength.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the composition, size, dimensions, and physical properties of glass fiber blanket thermal and acoustical insulation for use up to 700°F (370°C) in aircraft applications. For specific applications, the maximum temperature shall be agreed upon between the supplier and the purchaser.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the composition and physical properties of nodulated mineral fiber thermal insulation for use in attics or enclosed spaces in housing and other framed buildings. The nodulated mineral fiber thermal insulation shall be of the following types: Type I and Type II. The basic material shall be fibers made from mineral substances such as rock, slag, or glass processed from the molten state into an incombustible fibrous form. The fibers shall be mechanically processed into nodules, and are permitted to be treated to provide improved processing and handling characteristics suitable for installation by pouring or pneumatic applications. The following test methods shall be performed for purposes of initial material product requirements: thermal resistance; critical radiant flux; combustion characteristics; water vapor sorption; odor emission; corrosiveness; and fungi resistance.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
10.1 This specification covers products that are used in buildings. While products that comply with this specification are used in various constructions, they are adaptable primarily, but not exclusively, to wood frame constructions.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the composition and physical properties of nodulated mineral fiber thermal insulation for use in attics or enclosed spaces in housing and other framed buildings.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the classification, composition, physical properties, and dimensions of mineral fiber (rock, slag, or glass) blanket intended for use as thermal insulation on surfaces at certain temperatures. The orientation of the fibers within the blanket is primarily parallel to the principal surface (face). The mineral fiber blanket insulation shall be classified into seven types: Types I, II, III, IV, V, VI, and VII. The classification is based upon the insulations' maximum use temperature and apparent thermal conductivity. Mineral fiber blanket insulation shall be composed of rock, slag, or glass processed from the molten state into fibrous form bonded with an organic or inorganic binder, or both. Asbestos shall not be used as an ingredient or component part of the product. Different test methods shall be performed on the insulation to determine the following properties: odor emission, corrosiveness to steel, non-fibrous content, maximum use temperature, maximum exothermic temperature rise, apparent thermal conductivity, water vapor sorption, flexibility, rigidity, and surface burning characteristics.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the classification, composition, physical properties, and dimensions of mineral fiber (rock, slag, or glass) blanket intended for use as thermal insulation on surfaces operating at temperatures between 0°F (–18°C) and 1200°F (649°C). For specific applications, the actual temperature limits shall be agreed upon between the supplier and the purchaser.  
1.2 The orientation of the fibers within the blanket is primarily parallel to the principal surface (face). This specification does not cover fabricated pipe and tank wrap insulation where the insulation has been cut and fabricated to provide a fiber orientation that is perpendicular to the surface (face).  
1.3 For satisfactory performance, properly installed protective vapor retarders must be used in below ambient temperature applications to reduce movement of water vapor through or around the insulation towards the colder surface. Failure to use a vapor retarder can lead to insulation and system damage. Refer to Practice C921 to aid material selection. Although vapor retarders are not part of this specification, properties required in Specification C1136 are pertinent to application or performance.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to provide the performance requirements of hourly-rated fire systems. Consult the manufacturer for the appropriate system.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the chemical and physical property requirements and acceptability testing procedures of expanded or exfoliated vermiculite loose fill thermal insulation. This also includes vermiculite that has been surface-treated to produce water repellency for use in installations where liquid moisture may be a factor. Vermiculite insulation is specified by two types according to treatments and five classes according to the range of particle size distribution. The insulation should conform to the specified values of bulk density, grading, water properties, thermal resistance, moisture absorption, combustibility, and surface-burning characteristics. Tests to determine the physical properties should also be in accordance with the specified test procedures.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the composition and physical properties of expanded or exfoliated vermiculite loose-fill insulation. The specification also includes the testing procedures by which the acceptability of the material shall be determined. These testing procedures deal primarily with material performance in the temperature range associated with the thermal envelope of buildings; however, the commercially usable temperature range for this insulation is from –119 to 850°F (–84 to 454°C). Refer to manufacturer's instructions for specialized applications.  
1.2 The specification also covers the composition and properties of vermiculite that has been surface-treated to produce water repellency for installations.  
1.3 When the installation or use of thermal insulation materials, accessories, and systems may pose safety or health problems, the manufacturer shall provide the user with appropriate current information regarding any known problems associated with the recommended use of the company's products, and shall also recommend protective measures to be employed in their safe utilization.  
1.4 The following applies to Test Method E84 and Test Method E136. This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.5 The following applies to Test Method E84 and Test Method E136. Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.  
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.7 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 9, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 12.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard for high-temperature fiber blanket thermal insulation for use at various temperatures. The insulation should be tested and comply accordingly to physical and mechanical properties of the insulation such as apparent thermal conductivity, density, and temperature of use. The insulation shall also be tested for non-fibrous content, linear shrinkage, and tensile strength.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers high-temperature fiber blanket thermal insulation for use from ambient up to 3000°F (1649°C).  
1.2 When the potential exists that the installation or use of thermal insulation materials, accessories, and systems will pose safety or health problems, the manufacturers shall provide the user with appropriate current information regarding any known problems associated with the recommended use of the products, and shall also recommend protective measures to be employed in their safe utilization. The user shall establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers fibrous glass insulation used as a thermal and sound absorbing liner for interior surfaces of ducts, plenums, and other air handling equipment. The insulation shall be of the following types: Type I and Type II. The basic material shall be made from glass processed from the molten state into fibrous form with a binder added to form dimensionally stable insulation. The following test methods shall be performed: corrosiveness; water vapor sorption; fungi resistance; temperature resistance; erosion resistance; odor emission; surface burning characteristics; apparent thermal conductivity; sound absorption coefficients; bacteria resistance; and combustion characteristics.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers fibrous glass insulation used as a thermal and sound absorbing liner for interior surfaces of ducts, plenums, and other air handling equipment that handle air up to 250°F (121°C).  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice recognizes that effectiveness, safety, and durability of insulation depend not only on the quality of the insulating materials, but also on their proper installation.  
4.2 Improper installation of insulation can reduce its thermal effectiveness, cause fire risks and other unsafe conditions, and promote deterioration for the structure in which it is installed. Specific hazards that can result from improper installation include fires caused by (1) heat build-up in recessed lighting fixtures; (2) deterioration or failure of electrical wiring components; (3) heat build-up resulting from overcurrent protection devices incorrectly matched to wiring; or (4) deterioration in wood structures and paint failure due to moisture accumulation.  
4.3 This practice provides general procedures that will help ensure the installation of insulation in a safe and effective manner. It must be noted that actual conditions in existing buildings vary greatly, and in some cases substantial additional care and precaution must be taken to ensure effective and safe installation.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for the installation of cellulosic and mineral fiber loose-fill insulation in ceilings, attics, and floor and wall cavities of new or existing housing and other framed buildings.  
1.2 This practice applies only to the installation of dry loose-fill thermal insulation consisting of cellulosic materials or mineral fiber by pneumatic or pouring application.  
1.3 This practice covers the installation process from pre-installation inspection through post-installation procedure. It does not cover the production of the insulation materials.  
1.4 This practice is not intended to replace the manufacturer's installation instructions, but shall be used in conjunction with such instructions. This practice is not intended to supersede local, state, or federal codes.  
1.5 This practice assumes that the installer possesses a good working knowledge of the applicable codes and regulations, safety practices, tools, equipment, and methods necessary for the installation of thermal insulation materials. It also assumes that the installer understands the fundamentals of residential construction that affect the installation of insulation.  
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 5.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the composition and the physical properties of spray-applied mineral fiber thermal and sound absorbing insulation. These mineral fibers shall be pneumatically conveyed to a spray nozzle where they are mixed with water. These mineral fibers shall have a binder either pre-mixed with the fibers or added at the spray nozzle with the water. The basic material shall be fibers made form mineral substances such as rock, slag or glass processed from the molten state into a fibrous form. All self-supporting applications of the insulation shall have a minimum adhesive/cohesive strength of five times the weight of the material under the testing plate when tested. The insulation shall not spall, crack, or delaminate when the substrate is deflected. The insulation shall have a maximum flame spread index of 25 and a maximum smoke developed of 50 when tested. The insulation shall have a weight loss not greater than 5 %, nor shall there be a flaming ignition when tested. When tested, the insulation shall have growth no greater than that observed on the white birch tongue depressor comparative material. The spray-applied mineral fiber shall show no greater corrosion than the comparative plate in contact with the sterile cotton for the particular metal substrate to which classification is desired. A detectable odor of a strong objectionable nature recorded by more than two of the five panel members shall constitute rejection of the material when tested. Density and thickness of each sample tested shall be determined in accordance with test methods E 605. The adhesive/cohesive strength, thermal resistance, effects of substrate deflection, water vapor sorption, surface burning characteristics, smoldering combustion, fungi resistance, particular metal substrate corrosion, sound absorption, odor emission, and air errosion characteristics shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the composition and the physical properties of spray-applied mineral fiber thermal and sound absorbing insulation.  
1.2 These mineral fibers shall be pneumatically conveyed to a spray nozzle where they are mixed with water. These mineral fibers shall have a binder either pre-mixed with the fibers or added at the spray nozzle with the water.  
1.3 The spray-applied mineral fiber insulation is intended for use in building constructions at ambient conditions.  
1.4 This is a material specification only and is not intended to cover methods of application that are supplied by the manufacturer.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the composition and physical properties of spray-applied cellulosic fiber stabilized thermal insulation applied to open or closed ceiling spaces, regardless of slope. The basic material shall be recycled cellulosic fiber made from selected paper or paperboard stock. Stabilized cellulosic fiber thermal insulation is produced by the addition of adhesive(s) to loose-fill cellulosic fiber insulation. Additives are introduced to provide properties such as flame resistance, processing and handling characteristics. An adhesive is added to the insulation product to resist long-term settling of the insulation after installation and curing. Different test methods shall be performed in order to determine the following properties of thermal insulation: density, corrosiveness, critical radiant flux, fungi resistance, water vapor sorption, odor emission, smoldering combustion, thermal resistance, flame resistance permanency, shrinkage, and settling.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the composition and physical properties of spray-applied cellulosic fiber stabilized thermal insulation applied to open or closed ceiling spaces, regardless of slope, where temperatures range from –49 to 194°F (–45 to 90°C).  
1.2 Stabilized cellulosic fiber thermal insulation is produced by the addition of adhesive(s) to loose-fill cellulosic fiber insulation. The adhesive(s) are either added to the insulation at time of manufacture and, if necessary, activated by the addition of water when installed or the adhesive(s) are otherwise added to the insulation at the time of installation.  
1.3 This is a material specification that is not intended to deal with methods of application that are supplied by the manufacturer.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the classification and performance of flexible aerogel thermal insulation. It indicates the mechanical, chemical, and property requirements of the flexible aerogel insulation, such as its thickness, density, and flexibility. It also lists the performance requirements for Types I, II, and III flexible aerogel insulation, and the acceptable dimensions and tolerances on flexible aerogel insulation sheets.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the classification and performance of flexible aerogel thermal insulation. This will cover the range of continuous exposure operating temperatures from –321°F (–196°C) up to 1200°F (649°C).  
1.2 For satisfactory performance, properly installed protective vapor retarders or barriers shall be used on below ambient temperature applications to reduce movement of moisture through or around the insulation to the colder surface. Failure to use a vapor retarder or barrier could lead to insulation and system non-performance.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods described in this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers mineral fiber blanket insulation and blanket-type pipe insulation (metal-mesh covered) (industrial type). Mineral fiber metal-mesh covered blanket shall be composed of rock, slag, or glass processed from the molten state into fibrous form, bonded with or without an organic binder, and secured with metallic supporting facing(s). Types of facings for one or both sides of blanket units shall be specified. When both sides are to be faced, units are permitted to have the same or different types on the two sides. Each piece of metal-mesh covered insulation shall be coherent to permit handling/transportation and installation as a unit. A detectable odor of objectionable nature recorded by more than two of the five panel members shall constitute rejection of the material. When tested and evaluated, the corrosion resulting from the unfaced insulation blanket in contact with metal plates shall be judged to be no greater than comparative plates in contact with sterile cotton. The averaged maximum shot content of mineral fiber rock or slag type products shall not exceed 30 % by weight. When tested, the blanket insulation shall not warp, flame, or glow during hot surface exposure. When tested, the blanket mid-point temperature shall not at any time exceed the hot surface temperature by more than 100°F (55.5°C). When tested, the blanket insulation shall not exceed the recorded temperature rise more than 54°F (30°C) with no flaming and weight loss exceeding 5 %.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the composition, dimensions, and physical properties of mineral fiber (rock, slag, or glass) metal mesh covered and industrial type blanket and blanket-type pipe insulation (typically on 24 in. (610 mm) diameters or larger)). Its use is for cooled surfaces at temperatures operating below ambient to 0°F (−18°C) and on heated surfaces on expansion joints to large diameter vessels and tanks operating at temperatures up to 1200°F (649°C). Specific applications outside the actual use temperatures shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser.  
1.2 For satisfactory performance, properly installed protective vapor retarders or barriers shall be used on below ambient temperature applications to reduce movement of moisture/water vapor through or around the insulation towards the colder surface. Failure to use a vapor retarder can lead to insulation and system damage. Refer to Practice C921 to aid material selection. Although vapor retarder properties are not part of this specification, properties required in Specification C1136 are pertinent to applications or performance.  
1.3 The orientation of the fibers within the blanket is primarily parallel to the heated surface. This specification does not cover fabricated pipe and tank wrap insulation where the insulation has been cut and fabricated to provide fiber orientation that is perpendicular to the heated surface.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to provide the performance requirements of hourly-rated fire systems. Consult the manufacturer for the appropriate system.  
1.5 See Supplementary Requirements for modifications to sections in this standard only when specified by purchaser in the contract or order from the U.S. Military specifications utilized by the U.S. Department of Defense, Department of the Navy, and the Naval Systems Command.  
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internatio...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the composition and physical requirements of chemically treated, recycled cellulosic fiber loose-fill type thermal insulation for installation in attics or enclosed spaces in housing and other buildings by pneumatic or pouring method. While the products are used in various constructions, they are adaptable primarily, but not exclusively, to wood joists, rafters, and stud constructions. The basic material shall be made from selected paper, paperboard stock, or ground wood stock, excluding contaminated materials, which may reasonably be expected to be retained in the finished product. Suitable chemicals are introduced to provide properties such as flame resistance, processing, and handling characteristics. Products shall be prepared suitably to undergo test methods, for which they should comply with the following physical and chemical property requirements: corrosiveness; critical radiant flux; fungi resistance; moisture vapor sorption; odor emission; smoldering combustion; and thermal resistance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the composition and physical requirements of chemically treated, recycled cellulosic fiber loose-fill type thermal insulation for use in attics or enclosed spaces in housing, and other framed buildings within the ambient temperature range from −45 to 90°C by pneumatic or pouring application. While products that comply with this specification are used in various constructions, they are adaptable primarily, but not exclusively, to wood joist, rafters, and stud construction.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the composition and physical requirements of chemically treated, recycled cellulosic fiber loose-fill type thermal insulation for installation in attics or enclosed spaces in housing and other buildings by pneumatic or pouring method. While the products are used in various constructions, they are adaptable primarily, but not exclusively, to wood joists, rafters, and stud constructions. The basic material shall be made from selected paper, paperboard stock, or ground wood stock, excluding contaminated materials, which may reasonably be expected to be retained in the finished product. Suitable chemicals are introduced to provide properties such as flame resistance, processing, and handling characteristics. Products shall be prepared suitably to undergo test methods, for which they should comply with the following physical and chemical property requirements: corrosiveness; critical radiant flux; fungi resistance; moisture vapor sorption; odor emission; smoldering combustion; and thermal resistance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the composition and physical requirements of chemically treated, recycled cellulosic fiber loose-fill type thermal insulation for use in attics or enclosed spaces in housing, and other framed buildings within the ambient temperature range from −45 to 90°C by pneumatic or pouring application. While products that comply with this specification are used in various constructions, they are adaptable primarily, but not exclusively, to wood joist, rafters, and stud construction.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the classification and performance of flexible aerogel thermal insulation. It indicates the mechanical, chemical, and property requirements of the flexible aerogel insulation, such as its thickness, density, and flexibility. It also lists the performance requirements for Types I, II, and III flexible aerogel insulation, and the acceptable dimensions and tolerances on flexible aerogel insulation sheets.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the classification and performance of flexible aerogel thermal insulation. This will cover the range of continuous exposure operating temperatures from –321°F (–196°C) up to 1200°F (649°C).  
1.2 For satisfactory performance, properly installed protective vapor retarders or barriers shall be used on below ambient temperature applications to reduce movement of moisture through or around the insulation to the colder surface. Failure to use a vapor retarder or barrier could lead to insulation and system non-performance.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods described in this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the classification and performance of flexible aerogel thermal insulation. It indicates the mechanical, chemical, and property requirements of the flexible aerogel insulation, such as its thickness, density, and flexibility. It also lists the performance requirements for Types I, II, and III flexible aerogel insulation, and the acceptable dimensions and tolerances on flexible aerogel insulation sheets.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the classification and performance of flexible aerogel thermal insulation. This will cover the range of continuous exposure operating temperatures from –321°F (–196°C) up to 1200°F (649°C).  
1.2 For satisfactory performance, properly installed protective vapor retarders or barriers shall be used on below ambient temperature applications to reduce movement of moisture through or around the insulation to the colder surface. Failure to use a vapor retarder or barrier could lead to insulation and system non-performance.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods described in this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the classification and performance of flexible aerogel thermal insulation. It indicates the mechanical, chemical, and property requirements of the flexible aerogel insulation, such as its thickness, density, and flexibility. It also lists the performance requirements for Types I, II, and III flexible aerogel insulation, and the acceptable dimensions and tolerances on flexible aerogel insulation sheets.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the classification and performance of flexible aerogel thermal insulation. This will cover the range of continuous exposure operating temperatures from –321°F (–196°C) up to 1200°F (649°C).  
1.2 For satisfactory performance, properly installed protective vapor retarders or barriers shall be used on below ambient temperature applications to reduce movement of moisture through or around the insulation to the colder surface. Failure to use a vapor retarder or barrier could lead to insulation and system non-performance.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods described in this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the classification and performance of flexible aerogel thermal insulation. It indicates the mechanical, chemical, and property requirements of the flexible aerogel insulation, such as its thickness, density, and flexibility. It also lists the performance requirements for Types I, II, and III flexible aerogel insulation, and the acceptable dimensions and tolerances on flexible aerogel insulation sheets.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the classification and performance of flexible aerogel thermal insulation. This will cover the range of continuous exposure operating temperatures from –321°F (–196°C) up to 1200°F (649°C).  
1.2 For satisfactory performance, properly installed protective vapor retarders or barriers shall be used on below ambient temperature applications to reduce movement of moisture through or around the insulation to the colder surface. Failure to use a vapor retarder or barrier could lead to insulation and system non-performance.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods described in this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Coverage charts list the required installed and product in-service parameters of minimum thickness, maximum net coverage per package, and minimum mass per unit area to achieve each listed thermal performance (R-value) level. Chart information corresponds to numerous standard R-value levels representing common building codes, industry standards, or legislated requirements (see example in the Appendix X1) and therefore additional chart columns may be required, that is, number of packages per 1 000 ft2 (100m2), and initial installed thickness.  
5.2 This guide applies to coverage charts for installations in open, horizontal attic floor spaces. Chart maximum net coverages are based upon net floor area; framing area deducted. Sloped ceilings, HVAC equipment and ductwork, and other factors can significantly influence product coverage and are to be considered by the manufacturer.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides information to manufacturers for the development of a loose-fill thermal insulation product coverage chart. This guide is limited to developing a coverage chart from density versus thickness, apparent thermal conductivity versus density, and thickness versus area mass relationships obtained through product testing.  
1.2 This guide applies to a wide variety of loose-fill thermal insulation products including mineral fiber (Specification C764), or cellulosic fiber (Specification C739) materials; granular types including vermiculite (Specification C516) and perlite (Specification C549); pelletized products; and any other insulation materials that are installed pneumatically or poured in place.  
1.3 Coverage charts for loose-fill insulation products are required by regulation under the United States Federal Trade Commission’s 16 CFR Part 460. Other countries or local governing agencies may have coverage chart requirements in addition to, or that differ from, those presented in this guide; see the Appendix for examples.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard for high-temperature fiber blanket thermal insulation for use at various temperatures. The insulation should be tested and comply accordingly to physical and mechanical properties of the insulation such as apparent thermal conductivity, density, and temperature of use. The insulation shall also be tested for non-fibrous content, linear shrinkage, and tensile strength.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers high-temperature fiber blanket thermal insulation for use from ambient up to 3000°F (1649°C).  
1.2 When the potential exists that the installation or use of thermal insulation materials, accessories, and systems will pose safety or health problems, the manufacturers shall provide the user with appropriate current information regarding any known problems associated with the recommended use of the products, and shall also recommend protective measures to be employed in their safe utilization. The user shall establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard for the composition and physical properties of expanded perlite loose fill insulation. This specification also covers the testing procedures used in determining the acceptability of the materials which deal primarily with material performance in the temperature range associated with the thermal envelope of buildings. This specification also covers the standard for surface-treated perlite proposed for use in dust suppression. Requirements for the insulation shall include conformance to standard of the following: bulk density, grading, thermal resistance, moisture absorption, combustibility, surface burning characteristics, and dust suppression.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the composition and physical properties of expanded perlite loose fill insulation. The specification also includes the testing procedures by which the acceptability of the material is determined. These testing procedures deal primarily with material performance in the temperature range associated with the thermal envelope of buildings; however, the commercially usable temperature range for this insulation is from − 459 to 1400°F (1 to 1033 K). For specialized applications, refer to the manufacturer's instructions.  
1.2 The specification also covers the composition and properties of perlite that has been surface-treated to produce dust suppression for installations where dust is a factor.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The following applies to Test Methods E84 and E136—This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.5 The following applies to Test Methods E84 and E136—Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.  
1.6 When the installation or use of thermal insulation materials, accessories and systems, may pose safety or health problems, the manufacturer shall provide the user appropriate current information regarding any known problems associated with the recommended use of the company's products, and shall also recommend protective measures to be employed in their safe utilization. The user shall establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use. For additional precautionary statements, see Section 12.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard for high-temperature fiber blanket thermal insulation for use at various temperatures. The insulation should be tested and comply accordingly to physical and mechanical properties of the insulation such as apparent thermal conductivity, density, and temperature of use. The insulation shall also be tested for non-fibrous content, linear shrinkage, and tensile strength.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers high-temperature fiber blanket thermal insulation for use from ambient up to 3000°F (1649°C).  
1.2 When the potential exists that the installation or use of thermal insulation materials, accessories, and systems will pose safety or health problems, the manufacturers shall provide the user with appropriate current information regarding any known problems associated with the recommended use of the products, and shall also recommend protective measures to be employed in their safe utilization. The user shall establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard for high-temperature fiber blanket thermal insulation for use at various temperatures. The insulation should be tested and comply accordingly to physical and mechanical properties of the insulation such as apparent thermal conductivity, density, and temperature of use. The insulation shall also be tested for non-fibrous content, linear shrinkage, and tensile strength.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers high-temperature fiber blanket thermal insulation for use from ambient up to 3000°F (1649°C).  
1.2 When the potential exists that the installation or use of thermal insulation materials, accessories, and systems will pose safety or health problems, the manufacturers shall provide the user with appropriate current information regarding any known problems associated with the recommended use of the products, and shall also recommend protective measures to be employed in their safe utilization. The user shall establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers self-supported spray applied cellulosic thermal insulation for use as thermal insulation or acoustical absorbent material, or both. The chemically-treated cellulosic materials that are also covered in this specification are used for pneumatic applications operating within a specific temperature range. The materials are classified into two types based on the type of adhesive used and exposure of the application. Specimens for testing should be prepared and tested using the prescribed methods and should conform to the specified values of density, thermal resistance, surface bonding characteristics, adhesive strength, cohesive strength, smoldering combustion, fungi resistance, corrosion, moisture vapor absorption, odor, flame resistance permanency, substrate deflection, and air erosion.
SCOPE
1.1 The specification covers the physical properties of self-supported spray applied cellulosic fibers intended for use as thermal insulation or an acoustical absorbent material, or both.  
1.2 This specification covers chemically treated cellulosic materials intended for pneumatic applications where temperatures do not exceed 82.2°C and where temperatures will routinely remain below 65.6°C.  
1.2.1 Type I—Material applied with liquid adhesive and suitable for either exposed or enclosed applications.  
1.2.2 Type II—Materials containing a dry adhesive that is activated by water during installation and intended only for enclosed or covered applications.  
1.3 This is a material specification only and is not intended to deal with methods of application that are supplied by the manufacturer.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the composition and physical properties of mineral-fiber blanket insulation used to thermally or acoustically insulate ceilings, floors, and walls in light frame construction and manufactured housing. The requirements cover fibrous blankets and facings. Typical mineral-fiber thermal insulation is classified into the following types, classes, and categories: Type I; Type II (Class A, Class B, and Class C (Category 1 and Category 2)); and Type III (Class A, Class B, and Class C (Category 1 and Category 2)). The following test methods shall be performed: dimensions; thermal resistance; surface burning characteristics; critical radiant flux; water vapor permeance; water vapor sorption; odor emission; corrosiveness; and fungi resistance.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
11.1 This specification applies to products that are used in buildings. While products that comply with this specification are used in various constructions, they are adaptable primarily, but not exclusively, to wood frame construction.  
11.2 Since the property of thermal resistance for a specific thickness of blanket is only part of the total thermal performance of a building element such as a wall, ceiling, floor, and so forth, this specification states only general classifications for thermal resistance of the fibrous blanket itself. Facings that provide additional resistance to water-vapor transfer can affect system performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the composition and physical properties of mineral-fiber blanket insulation used to thermally or acoustically insulate ceilings, floors, and walls in light frame construction and manufactured housing. The requirements cover fibrous blankets and facings. Values for water-vapor permeance of facings are suggested for information that will be helpful to designers and installers.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the composition and physical properties of nodulated mineral fiber thermal insulation for use in attics or enclosed spaces in housing and other framed buildings. The nodulated mineral fiber thermal insulation shall be of the following types: Type I and Type II. The basic material shall be fibers made from mineral substances such as rock, slag, or glass processed from the molten state into an incombustible fibrous form. The fibers shall be mechanically processed into nodules, and are permitted to be treated to provide improved processing and handling characteristics suitable for installation by pouring or pneumatic applications. The following test methods shall be performed for purposes of initial material product requirements: thermal resistance; critical radiant flux; combustion characteristics; water vapor sorption; odor emission; corrosiveness; and fungi resistance.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
10.1 This specification covers products that are used in buildings. While products that comply with this specification are used in various constructions, they are adaptable primarily, but not exclusively, to wood frame constructions.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the composition and physical properties of nodulated mineral fiber thermal insulation for use in attics or enclosed spaces in housing and other framed buildings.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the composition and physical requirements of chemically treated, recycled cellulosic fiber loose-fill type thermal insulation for installation in attics or enclosed spaces in housing and other buildings by pneumatic or pouring method. While the products are used in various constructions, they are adaptable primarily, but not exclusively, to wood joists, rafters, and stud constructions. The basic material shall be made from selected paper, paperboard stock, or ground wood stock, excluding contaminated materials, which may reasonably be expected to be retained in the finished product. Suitable chemicals are introduced to provide properties such as flame resistance, processing, and handling characteristics. Products shall be prepared suitably to undergo test methods, for which they should comply with the following physical and chemical property requirements: corrosiveness; critical radiant flux; fungi resistance; moisture vapor sorption; odor emission; smoldering combustion; and thermal resistance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the composition and physical requirements of chemically treated, recycled cellulosic fiber loose-fill type thermal insulation for use in attics or enclosed spaces in housing, and other framed buildings within the ambient temperature range from −45 to 90°C by pneumatic or pouring application. While products that comply with this specification are used in various constructions, they are adaptable primarily, but not exclusively, to wood joist, rafters, and stud construction.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the classification and performance of flexible aerogel thermal insulation. It indicates the mechanical, chemical, and property requirements of the flexible aerogel insulation, such as its thickness, density, and flexibility. It also lists the performance requirements for Types I, II, and III flexible aerogel insulation, and the acceptable dimensions and tolerances on flexible aerogel insulation sheets.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the classification and performance of flexible aerogel thermal insulation. This will cover the range of continuous exposure operating temperatures from –321°F (–196°C) up to 1200°F (649°C).  
1.2 For satisfactory performance, properly installed protective vapor retarders or barriers shall be used on below ambient temperature applications to reduce movement of moisture through or around the insulation to the colder surface. Failure to use a vapor retarder or barrier could lead to insulation and system non-performance.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods described in this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers glass fiber unsupported needled felt binder-free thermal insulations. This material is used as the thermal insulation component in the fabrication of insulation systems for use on machinery and equipment, such as steam turbines, boilers, boiler feed pumps, and piping at specified elevated temperatures. Thermal insulations should adhere to the following physical requirements: apparent thermal conductivity, hot surface performance, tensile strength, non-combustibility, and dimensions (nominal thickness, mass per unit area, length, and width).
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers glass fiber unsupported needled felt (mechanically bonded) binder-free insulation for thermal insulation. This material is used as the thermal insulation component in the fabrication of insulation systems for use on machinery and equipment, such as steam turbines, boilers, boiler feed pumps, and piping at temperatures from ambient up to 1200°F (650°C).  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 See Supplementary Requirements for modifications to paragraphs in this standard when using Specification C1086 in lieu of the United States Department of Defense, Department of Navy, Naval Sea Systems Command, in Washington, DC. Military Specifications No.(s) MIL-I-16411F.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers fibrous glass insulation used as a thermal and sound absorbing liner for interior surfaces of ducts, plenums, and other air handling equipment. The insulation shall be of the following types: Type I and Type II. The basic material shall be made from glass processed from the molten state into fibrous form with a binder added to form dimensionally stable insulation. The following test methods shall be performed: corrosiveness; water vapor sorption; fungi resistance; temperature resistance; erosion resistance; odor emission; surface burning characteristics; apparent thermal conductivity; sound absorption coefficients; bacteria resistance; and combustion characteristics.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers fibrous glass insulation used as a thermal and sound absorbing liner for interior surfaces of ducts, plenums, and other air handling equipment that handle air up to 250°F (121°C).  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard for composition, size, dimensions, and physical properties of flexible glass blanket, ductwrap intended for use to insulate HVAC ducts. The basic materials shall be fibers manufacture from glass processed from the molten state into fibrous form. Bonded fibers formed into flexible blank rolls shall consist the insulation. Materials shall conform to physical requirements such as thermal resistance, surface burning characteristics, hot surface performance, water vapor permeance, water vapor sorption, odor emission, corrosiveness, and fungi resistance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the composition, size, dimensions, and physical properties of flexible fiber glass blanket, ductwrap, used to externally insulate HVAC ducts used for the distribution of condition air within the temperature range of 35°F (1.7°C) and 250°F (121°C).  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 When the installation and use of thermal insulation materials, accessories, and systems may pose safety and health problems, the manufacturer shall provide the user appropriate current information regarding any known problems associated with the recommended use of the company's products, and shall also recommend protective measures to be employed in their safe utilization. The user shall establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.  
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods, Section 13, in this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers mineral fiber blanket insulation and blanket-type pipe insulation (metal-mesh covered) (industrial type). Mineral fiber metal-mesh covered blanket shall be composed of rock, slag, or glass processed from the molten state into fibrous form, bonded with or without an organic binder, and secured with metallic supporting facing(s). Types of facings for one or both sides of blanket units shall be specified. When both sides are to be faced, units are permitted to have the same or different types on the two sides. Each piece of metal-mesh covered insulation shall be coherent to permit handling/transportation and installation as a unit. A detectable odor of objectionable nature recorded by more than two of the five panel members shall constitute rejection of the material. When tested and evaluated, the corrosion resulting from the unfaced insulation blanket in contact with metal plates shall be judged to be no greater than comparative plates in contact with sterile cotton. The averaged maximum shot content of mineral fiber rock or slag type products shall not exceed 30 % by weight. When tested, the blanket insulation shall not warp, flame, or glow during hot surface exposure. When tested, the blanket mid-point temperature shall not at any time exceed the hot surface temperature by more than 100°F (55.5°C). When tested, the blanket insulation shall not exceed the recorded temperature rise more than 54°F (30°C) with no flaming and weight loss exceeding 5 %.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the composition, dimensions, and physical properties of mineral fiber (rock, slag, or glass) metal mesh covered and industrial type blanket and blanket-type pipe insulation (typically on 24 in. (610 mm) diameters or larger)). Its use is for cooled surfaces at temperatures operating below ambient to 0°F (−18°C) and on heated surfaces on expansion joints to large diameter vessels and tanks operating at temperatures up to 1200°F (649°C). Specific applications outside the actual use temperatures shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser.  
1.2 For satisfactory performance, properly installed protective vapor retarders or barriers shall be used on below ambient temperature applications to reduce movement of moisture/water vapor through or around the insulation towards the colder surface. Failure to use a vapor retarder can lead to insulation and system damage. Refer to Practice C921 to aid material selection. Although vapor retarder properties are not part of this specification, properties required in Specification C1136 are pertinent to applications or performance.  
1.3 The orientation of the fibers within the blanket is primarily parallel to the heated surface. This specification does not cover fabricated pipe and tank wrap insulation where the insulation has been cut and fabricated to provide fiber orientation that is perpendicular to the heated surface.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to provide the performance requirements of hourly-rated fire systems. Consult the manufacturer for the appropriate system.  
1.5 See Supplementary Requirements for modifications to sections in this standard only when specified by purchaser in the contract or order from the U.S. Military specifications utilized by the U.S. Department of Defense, Department of the Navy, and the Naval Systems Command.  
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the classification, composition, and physical properties of flexible fibrous glass insulation for use as interior surface of walls and roofs of metal buildings. The basic insulation blanket is designed to be postprocessed by a laminating process that applies an adhesive bonded facing to provide the interior finish and vapor retarder requirements for the building envelope The flexible insulation is furnished into Types I and II. Type I which is a glass processed from the molten state into fibrous form, bonded with a thermosetting resin, and formed into a resilient flexible blanket or batt. Type II is a Type I material supplied with a suitable facing adhered to one surface. The following physical properties of Types I and II materials shall be determined: thermal resistance, surface burning characteristics, combustion characteristics, water vapor sorption, fungi resistance, corrosiveness, odor emission, dimensional tolerances, and humid aging.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the classification, composition, and physical properties of flexible fibrous glass insulation for use in metal building roofs and walls.  
1.2 The basic insulation blanket is designed to be post-processed by a laminating process that applies an adhesive bonded facing.  
1.3 The thermal values measured in accordance with this specification for both pre-processed and post-processed insulation are for the insulation only and do not include the effects of air-film surface resistance, changes in mean temperature, or compression of insulation at the framing members of the building, through metal conductance of fasteners and other parallel heat-transfer paths due to design or installation techniques.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Coverage charts list the required installed and product in-service parameters of minimum thickness, maximum net coverage per package, and minimum mass per unit area to achieve each listed thermal performance (R-value) level. Chart information corresponds to numerous standard R-value levels representing common building codes, industry standards, or legislated requirements (see example in the Appendix X1) and therefore additional chart columns may be required, that is, number of packages per 1 000 ft2 (100m2), and initial installed thickness.  
5.2 This guide applies to coverage charts for installations in open, horizontal attic floor spaces. Chart maximum net coverages are based upon net floor area; framing area deducted. Sloped ceilings, HVAC equipment and ductwork, and other factors can significantly influence product coverage and are to be considered by the manufacturer.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides information to manufacturers for the development of a loose-fill thermal insulation product coverage chart. This guide is limited to developing a coverage chart from density versus thickness, apparent thermal conductivity versus density, and thickness versus area mass relationships obtained through product testing.  
1.2 This guide applies to a wide variety of loose-fill thermal insulation products including mineral fiber (Specification C764), or cellulosic fiber (Specification C739) materials; granular types including vermiculite (Specification C516) and perlite (Specification C549); pelletized products; and any other insulation materials that are installed pneumatically or poured in place.  
1.3 Coverage charts for loose-fill insulation products are required by regulation under the United States Federal Trade Commission’s 16 CFR Part 460. Other countries or local governing agencies may have coverage chart requirements in addition to, or that differ from, those presented in this guide; see the Appendix for examples.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice recognizes that effectiveness, safety, and durability of insulation depend not only on the quality of the insulating materials but also on their proper installation.  
4.2 This practice provides general procedures that will help to ensure installation of insulation in a safe and effective manner. It shall be noted that actual conditions in existing buildings vary greatly and in some cases additional care shall be taken to ensure effective and safe installation.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for the installation of mineral fiber batt and blanket thermal insulation in ceilings, attics, floors, and walls of new or existing housing and other light frame construction.  
1.2 This practice covers the installation process from pre-installation inspection through post-installation inspection. It does not cover the production of the insulation materials.  
1.3 This practice is not intended to replace installation instructions by manufacturers, but it shall be used in conjunction with such instructions. This practice is not intended to supersede local, state, or federal codes.  
1.4 This practice assumes that the installer possesses a working knowledge of applicable codes and regulations, safety practices, tools, equipment, and methods necessary for the installation of thermal insulation materials. It also assumes that the installer understands the fundamentals of construction that affect the installation of insulation.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the composition, thermal performance, sound absorption performance, and physical properties of high-temperature fiber thermal insulation for use at temperatures from ambient to 3000°F (1649°C).  
1.2 The dry, loose high-temperature fibers shall be pneumatically conveyed to a chamber where they are mixed with a water-based chemical binder and then conveyed to a nozzle.  
1.3 The pneumatically applied, high-temperature fiber insulation is intended for use in industrial applications on flat, or nearly flat, surfaces. It is not intended for use on pipes.  
1.4 This specification addresses the use performance of this material in both thermal and acoustical applications.  
1.5 This specification does not address the requirements for fire-resistive insulation, but it does not preclude this material’s use in that capacity.  
1.6 This is a material specification only and is not intended to cover methods of application that are provided by the manufacturer.  
1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the classification, composition, and physical properties of flexible fibrous glass insulation for use as interior surface of walls and roofs of metal buildings. The basic insulation blanket is designed to be postprocessed by a laminating process that applies an adhesive bonded facing to provide the interior finish and vapor retarder requirements for the building envelope The flexible insulation is furnished into Types I and II. Type I which is a glass processed from the molten state into fibrous form, bonded with a thermosetting resin, and formed into a resilient flexible blanket or batt. Type II is a Type I material supplied with a suitable facing adhered to one surface. The following physical properties of Types I and II materials shall be determined: thermal resistance, surface burning characteristics, combustion characteristics, water vapor sorption, fungi resistance, corrosiveness, odor emission, dimensional tolerances, and humid aging.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the classification, composition, and physical properties of flexible fibrous glass insulation for use in metal building roofs and walls.  
1.2 The basic insulation blanket is designed to be post-processed by a laminating process that applies an adhesive bonded facing.  
1.3 The thermal values measured in accordance with this specification for both pre-processed and post-processed insulation are for the insulation only and do not include the effects of air-film surface resistance, changes in mean temperature, or compression of insulation at the framing members of the building, through metal conductance of fasteners and other parallel heat-transfer paths due to design or installation techniques.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for fibrous glass blanket thermal and acoustical insulation for use in aircraft applications up to a specified temperature. The fibrous glass blanket insulation are classified into types according to temperature limits, into classes based on acoustical properties, grades according to nominal density and into groups based on thickness. The insulation can either be water repellent or non-water repellent. The materials should conform to the required values of density, handleability, burning characteristics, water repellency and wicking (for water-repellent insulation only), odor emission, service temperature, apparent thermal conductivity, specific transverse airflow resistance, and breaking strength.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the composition, size, dimensions, and physical properties of glass fiber blanket thermal and acoustical insulation for use up to 700°F (370°C) in aircraft applications. For specific applications, the maximum temperature shall be agreed upon between the supplier and the purchaser.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers mineral fiber blanket insulation and blanket-type pipe insulation (metal-mesh covered) and (industrial type). The mineral fiber blanket shall be composed of rock, slag, or glass processed from the molten state into fibrous form, covered with or without metal mesh, metal mesh secured with metallic supporting wire, covered with or without facings for industrial type blanket-type pipe, and bonded with or without an organic binder. Types of facings for one or both sides of blanket units shall be specified. When both sides are to be faced, units are permitted to have the same or different types on the two sides. Each piece of industrial type or metal-mesh covered insulation shall be coherent to permit handling/transportation and installation as a unit. A detectable odor emission of objectionable nature recorded by more than two of the five panel members shall constitute rejection of the material. When tested and evaluated, the corrosion resulting from the unfaced insulation blanket in contact with metal plates shall be judged to be no greater than comparative plates in contact with sterile cotton. Alternative test for corrosiveness to steel is with a mass loss corrosion rate to the steel test sample exposed to the unfaced insulation extract not to exceed that of the 5 ppm chloride solution. The averaged maximum shot content of mineral fiber rock or slag type products shall not exceed 25 % by weight. When tested, the blanket insulation shall not warp, flame, or glow during hot surface exposure. When tested, the blanket mid-point temperature shall not at any time exceed the hot surface temperature by more than 100°F (55.5°C). When tested for non-combustibility, the blanket insulation shall not exceed the recorded temperature rise more than 54°F (30°C) with no flaming and weight loss exceeding 5 %.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the composition, dimensions, and physical properties of mineral fiber (rock, slag, or glass) metal mesh covered and industrial type blanket and blanket-type pipe insulation (typically on 24 in. (610 mm) diameters or larger)). Its use is for cooled surfaces at temperatures operating below ambient to 0°F (−18°C) and on heated surfaces on expansion joints to large diameter vessels and tanks operating at temperatures up to 1200°F (649°C). Specific applications outside the actual use temperatures shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser.  
1.2 For satisfactory performance, properly installed protective vapor retarders or barriers shall be used on below ambient temperature applications to reduce movement of moisture/water vapor through or around the insulation towards the colder surface. Failure to use a vapor retarder can lead to insulation and system damage. Refer to Practice C921 to aid material selection. Although vapor retarder properties are not part of this specification, properties required in Specification C1136 are pertinent to applications or performance.  
1.3 The orientation of the fibers within the blanket is primarily parallel to the heated surface. This specification does not cover fabricated pipe and tank wrap insulation where the insulation has been cut and fabricated to provide fiber orientation that is perpendicular to the heated surface.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to provide the performance requirements of hourly-rated fire systems. Consult the manufacturer for the appropriate system.  
1.5 See Supplementary Requirements for modifications to sections in this standard only when specified by purchaser in the contract or order from the U.S. Military specifications utilized by the U.S. Department of Defense, Department of the Navy, and the Naval Systems Command.  
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.7 This standard does not pu...