ASTM D5188-04
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Vapor-Liquid Ratio Temperature Determination of Fuels (Evacuated Chamber Method)
Standard Test Method for Vapor-Liquid Ratio Temperature Determination of Fuels (Evacuated Chamber Method)
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the temperature at which the vapor formed from a selected volume of volatile petroleum product saturated with air at 0 to 1°C (32 to 34°F) produces a pressure of one atmosphere in an evacuated chamber of fixed volume. This test method is applicable to samples for which the determined temperature is between 36 and 80°C (97 and 176°F) and the vapor-liquid ratio is between 8 to 1 and 75 to 1.
Note 1—When the vapor-liquid ratio is 20:1, the result is intended to be comparable to the results determined by Test Method D 2533.
Note 2—This test method may also be applicable at pressures other than one atmosphere, but the stated precision may not apply.
1.2 This test method is applicable to both gasoline and gasoline-oxygenate blends.
1.2.1 Some gasoline-oxygenate blends may show a haze when cooled to 0 to 1°C. If a haze is observed in , it shall be indicated in the reporting of results. The precision and bias statements for hazy samples have not been determined (see Note 9).
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warnings, see 7.2 and 8.1.1.
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An American National Standard
Designation: D 5188 – 04
Standard Test Method for
Vapor-Liquid Ratio Temperature Determination of Fuels
1
(Evacuated Chamber Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5188; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D 2533 Test Method for Vapor-Liquid Ratio of Spark-
Ignition Engine Fuels
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the tem-
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
perature at which the vapor formed from a selected volume of
Petroleum Products
volatile petroleum product saturated with air at 0 to 1°C (32 to
34°F) produces a pressure of one atmosphere in an evacuated
3. Terminology
chamber of fixed volume. This test method is applicable to
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
samples for which the determined temperature is between 36
3.1.1 T , n—the equilibrium temperature at which
(V/L = 20)
and 80°C (97 and 176°F) and the vapor-liquid ratio is between
the partial pressure of a sample under test conditions is equal
8 to 1 and 75 to 1.
to 101.3 kPa (14.69 psia) and the vapor-liquid ratio is 20.
NOTE 1—When the vapor-liquid ratio is 20:1, the result is intended to
3.1.2 vapor-liquid ratio of a fuel, n—the ratio at a specified
be comparable to the results determined by Test Method D 2533.
temperature and pressure of the volume of vapor in equilibrium
NOTE 2—This test method may also be applicable at pressures other
with liquid to the volume of sample charged, as a liquid, at 0°C
than one atmosphere, but the stated precision may not apply.
(32°F).
1.2 This test method is applicable to both gasoline and
gasoline-oxygenate blends. 4. Summary of Test Method
1.2.1 Some gasoline-oxygenate blends may show a haze
4.1 A known volume of chilled, air-saturated sample is
when cooled to 0 to 1°C. If a haze is observed in 11.5, it shall
introduced into an evacuated, thermostatically controlled test
be indicated in the reporting of results. The precision and bias
chamber of known volume. The sample volume is calculated to
statements for hazy samples have not been determined (see
give the desired vapor-liquid ratio for the chamber volume in
Note 9).
use. After injection, the chamber temperature is adjusted until
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
a stable chamber pressure of 101.3 kPa (14.69 psia) is
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
achieved.
only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the 5. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.1 The tendency of a fuel to vaporize in automotive engine
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
fuel systems is indicated by the vapor-liquid ratio of the fuel.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.2 Automotive fuel specifications generally include T
(V/
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
L = 20) limits to ensure products of suitable volatility perfor-
warnings, see 7.2 and 8.1.1.
mance. For high ambient temperatures, a fuel with a high value
of T , indicating a fuel with a low tendency to vaporize,
(V/L = 20)
2. Referenced Documents
is generally specified; conversely for low ambient tempera-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tures, a fuel with a low value of T is specified.
(V/L = 20)
6. Apparatus
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
6.1 Apparatus suitable for use shall employ a small volume
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
test chamber incorporating a transducer for pressure measure-
D02.08 on Volatility.
ments and associated equipment for thermostatically control-
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2004. Published March 2004. Originally
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D 5188–99.
ling the chamber temperature, evacuating the test chamber
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
prior to sample introduction, and cleaning and purging the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
chamber following the test. Critical elements of the apparatus
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. shall meet the following specifications:
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
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D5188–04
6.1.1 Test Chamber,
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