ASTM F1838-98(2008)
(Specification)Standard Performance Requirements for Child's Plastic Chairs for Outdoor Use (Withdrawn 2017)
Standard Performance Requirements for Child's Plastic Chairs for Outdoor Use (Withdrawn 2017)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Tests and criteria as outlined determine the overall usability and stability of chairs in an environment simulating the conditions of use.
Tests simulate two types of surfaces:
Smooth surfaces such as linoleum, wet pool decks, etc. The glass testing base (see Fig. 2) is used to simulate this surface.
Rough surfaces such as wooden decks, outdoor natural surfaces, etc. The plywood testing base (see Fig. 3) is used to simulate this surface.
Note 1—(A) Poly(methyl methacrylate) sheet, 0.25 ± 0.03-in. (6 ± 0.1-mm) thickness; (B) AC exterior glue fir plywood sheet, 0.75 ± 0.08 in. (19 ± 0.2 mm) or greater in thickness; (C) polypropylene microfoam sheet; 0.7 ± 0.01-lb/ft3 (11 ± 0.2-kg/m3) density and 0.13 ± 0.01-in. (3 ± 0.03-mm) thickness; and (D) glass/tempered sheet, 0.38 ± 0.04-in. (10 ± 0.1-mm) thickness.
Note 2—(A), (B), (C), and (D) shall be roughly the same dimensions, 48 in. (1219 mm) or greater. FIG. 2 Glass Testing Base
Note 1—(A) Poly(methyl methacrylate) sheet, 0.25 ± 0.03-in. (6 ± 0.1-mm) thickness; and (B) AC exterior glue fir plywood sheet, 0.75 ± 0.08 in. (19 ± 0.2 mm) or greater in thickness.
Note 2—(A) and (B) shall be roughly the same dimensions, 48 in. (1219 mm) or greater. FIG. 3 Plywood Testing Base
SCOPE
1.1 These standard performance requirements establish nationally recognized performance requirements for Class A (residential) and Class B (nonresidential) child's plastic chairs intended for outdoor use.
1.2 These standard performance requirements are not applicable to chaises, multi-positional chairs, upholstered chairs, or other types of furniture.
1.3 These standard performance requirements cover the performance of product regarding aspects of outdoor weathering, impact, static load, and rear leg testing.
1.4 Products Manufactured from Recycled Plastics:
1.4.1 Products may be manufactured from recycled plastics as long as the performance requirements are met.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
These standard performance requirements established nationally recognized performance requirements for Class A (residential) and Class B (nonresidential) child's plastic chairs intended for outdoor use.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F15 on Consumer Products, these performance requirements were withdrawn in July 2017 in accordance with section 10.5.3.1 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F1838 − 98 (Reapproved 2008)
Standard Performance Requirements for
Child’s Plastic Chairs for Outdoor Use
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1838; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope (Carbon-Arc Type) With and Without Water for Exposure
of Nonmetallic Materials (Withdrawn 2000)
1.1 These standard performance requirements establish na-
tionally recognized performance requirements for Class A
3. Terminology
(residential) and Class B (nonresidential) child’s plastic chairs
3.1 Definitions:
intended for outdoor use.
3.1.1 child’s plastic chair, n—for the purposes of these
1.2 These standard performance requirements are not appli-
provisional performance requirements, a molded, upright piece
cable to chaises, multi-positional chairs, upholstered chairs, or
of furniture with or without arms, having a back in a fixed
other types of furniture.
position with no moving parts, intended for seating one child,
1.3 These standard performance requirements cover the
and having a seat height not less than 9 in. (228 mm) and not
performance of product regarding aspects of outdoor
greater than 15 in. (381 mm); for a chair with arms, having a
weathering, impact, static load, and rear leg testing. seat width not less than 10 in. (254 mm) and not greater than
16 in. (406 mm), and for a chair without arms, having a seat
1.4 Products Manufactured from Recycled Plastics:
width not less than 10 in. (254 mm) and not greater than 16 in.
1.4.1 Products may be manufactured from recycled plastics
(406 mm) (as shown in Fig. 1).
as long as the performance requirements are met.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Class A (residential) child’s plastic
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
chairs are intended for outdoor use by the customer around the
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
home.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3.1.1.2 Discussion—Class B (nonresidential) child’s plastic
and are not considered standard.
chairs are intended for outdoor use by the customer in all other
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
areas, including those defined as Class A.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Significance and Use
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.1 Tests and criteria as outlined determine the overall
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
usability and stability of chairs in an environment simulating
the conditions of use.
2. Referenced Documents
4.2 Tests simulate two types of surfaces:
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.2.1 Smooth surfaces such as linoleum, wet pool decks,
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
etc. The glass testing base (see Fig. 2) is used to simulate this
D2565 Practice for Xenon-Arc Exposure of Plastics In-
surface.
tended for Outdoor Applications
4.2.2 Roughsurfacessuchaswoodendecks,outdoornatural
D4329 Practice for Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV) Lamp Ap-
surfaces, etc. The plywood testing base (see Fig. 3) is used to
paratus Exposure of Plastics
simulate this surface.
G23 Practice for Operating Light-Exposure Apparatus
5. Apparatus
5.1 Child’s Plastic Chairs, which have been inspected and
These standard performance requirements are under the jurisdiction of ASTM
have met a manufacturer’s internal quality standards.
Committee F15 on Consumer Products and are the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee F15.33 on Outdoor Plastic Lawn Furniture.
5.2 One Heavy-Weight Canvas or Leather Bag, 9 6 0.1 in.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally
(228 6 2 mm) in diameter, which shall be measured prior to
ε1
approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as F1838 – 98 (2004) .
testing to determine stretching, having a total measurement not
DOI: 10.1520/F1838-98R08.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1838 − 98 (2008)
NOTE 1—(A) Poly(methyl methacrylate) sheet, 0.25 6 0.03-in. (6 6
0.1-mm) thickness; and (B) AC exterior glue fir plywood sheet, 0.75 6
0.08 in. (19 6 0.2 mm) or greater in thickness.
NOTE 2—(A) and (B) shall be roughly the same dimensions, 48 in.
(1219 mm) or greater.
FIG. 3 Plywood Testing Base
5.4 One Heavy-Weight Canvas or Leather Bag, identical to
the bag described in 5.2; however, the weight is increased by
addition to the bag of 90 6 0.9 lb (41 6 0.4 kg) of either (1)
additional steel or lead shot or (2) barbell weights distributed
NOTE 1—(a) Seat height, chair with or without arms; (b) seat width,
evenly on top of the steel or lead shot, for a total weight of 150
chair with arms; and (c) seat width, chair without arms; (d) leg stance,
measured from back of front leg to back of rear leg. 6 1.5 lb (68 6 0.7 kg).
FIG. 1 Measurements of a Chair
5.5 Glass Testing Base, as shown in Fig. 2.
5.6 Plywood Testing Base, as shown in Fig. 3.
6. Conditioning
6.1 Precondition all chairs for a minimum of 48 h at 65 to
75°F (18 to 24°C) and a relative humidity of 50 6 15 %, and
test subsequently under the same conditions.
7. General Requirements
7.1 All chairs meeting these standard performance require-
ments shall be made from polymeric materials that meet the
requirements for outdoor weathering given in Section 8 for
Class A (residential) or Section 9 for Class B (nonresidential).
NOTE 1—(A) Poly(methyl methacrylate) sheet, 0.25 6 0.03-in. (6 6
7.2 Weatherability Test:
0.1-mm) thickness; (B) AC exterior glue fir plywood sheet, 0.75 6 0.08
7.2.1 Polymeric material used outdoors shall be exposed for
in. (19 6 0.2 mm) or greater in thickness; (C) polypropylene microfoam
3 3 weatherability using accelerated weathering chambers and
sheet; 0.7 6 0.01-lb/ft (11 6 0.2-kg/m ) density and 0.13 6 0.01-in. (3
shall retain at least 70 % of its original tensile strength.
6 0.03-mm) thickness; and (D) glass/tempered sheet, 0.38 6 0.04-in. (10
6 0.1-mm) thickness. 7.2.2 Specimens to be tested shall be normal 0.125 6
NOTE 2—(A), (B), (C), and (D) shall be roughly the same dimensions,
0.01-in. (3.2 6 0.03-mm) thick Type 1 tensile test bars
48 in. (1219 mm) or greater.
injectionmoldedfromthesamematerialusedinfinishedchairs
FIG. 2 Glass Testing Base
or tensile bars cut from finished parts, as described in Test
Method D638.
7.2.3 Tensile Test—Test exposed and non-exposed (control
samples)tensilebars,inaccordancewithTestMethodD638,at
to exceed 10 in. (254 mm), and filled with steel or lead shot
a testing rate of 2 in. (51 mm)/min.
(0.09 to 0.12 in. (2.3 to 3.0 mm) in diameter), to a total weight
7.2.4 The specimens are to be exposed according to one of
of 60 6 0.6 lb (27 6 0.3 kg). The bag shall be fitted with a
the following procedures: (1) 1000 h in accordance with
safety cable or other means to prevent it from hitting the glass
Procedure B of Practice D2565, using a Type B or BH
testing base but should not interfere with the test.
xenon-arc apparatus; (2) 720 h in accordance with Practice
5.3 One Heavy-Weight Canvas or Leather Bag, identical to G23, using a Type E carbon-arc weathering device; (3) 1000 h
the bag described in 5.2; however, the weight is increased by inaccordancewithCycleAofPracticeD4329,usingUVB-313
addition to the bag of 60 6 0.6 lb (27 6 0.3 kg) of either (1) bul
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