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ASTM C1521-08

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Evaluating Adhesion of Installed Weatherproofing Sealant Joints

Standard Practice for Evaluating Adhesion of Installed Weatherproofing Sealant Joints

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Many parameters contribute to the overall performance of a sealant application. Some of the most significant parameters are sealant bead size and configuration, joint movement, quality of workmanship, the quality of the adhesive bond, and the quality of the sealant material.
A sealant usually fails to perform as a weatherseal when it experiences cohesive or adhesive failure.
If a sealant bead fails, an evaluation of the total joint movement may be needed to determine if the joint sealant was strained beyond design or if the sealant failed within design parameters.
If a sealant bead fails adhesively, there is no straightforward procedure for determining the cause. The adhesive failure may be due to workmanship, the specific surface preparation used, the specific sealant used, poor “installed” joint design, poor bond chemistry and other causes.
Because of the complex nature of the performance of a sealant bead, an understanding of the quality of the adhesive bond is instrumental in any evaluation of sealant performance. It is critical that the test procedures used truly evaluate the quality of the adhesive bond and do not simply take advantage of the tear resistance of the sealant.
This method does not evaluate the performance of a sealant joint as a weatherseal. It only evaluates the characteristics of the adhesive bond relative to the cohesive strength of the sealant in a particular installation. Since any failures that result from use of this test method are intentionally induced, they do not necessarily mean that the sealant joint will not perform as a weatherseal.
The method results are most useful in identifying sealant joints with poor adhesion. The results of these methods can be used to assess the likely performance of the sealant joint and to compare performance against other joints.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes field tests to determine the adhesive and cohesive characteristics of an installed sealant joint, by manually placing a strain on the sealant. The sealant to be tested shall be fully cured. The results of this method can be used in conjunction with other information to determine the overall performance of the sealant joint. The user of this practice should define the other parameters to be evaluated such as cleaning of the substrate, depth control of the sealant, sealant profile, etc. This method describes both nondestructive and destructive procedures.
1.2 The destructive procedure stresses the sealant in such a way as to cause either cohesive or adhesive failure of the sealant or cohesive failure of the substrate where deficient substrate conditions exist. The objective is to characterize the adhesive/cohesive performance of the sealant on the specific substrate by applying whatever strain is necessary to effect failure of the sealant bead. It is possible that the strain applied to the sealant bead may result in the failure of a deficient substrate before effecting a failure in the sealant.
Note 1—The destructive procedure requires immediate repair of the sealant bead. Appropriate materials and equipment should be available for this purpose.
Note 2—Sealant formulations may fail in cohesion or adhesion when properly installed, and tested by this method. The sealant manufacturer should be consulted to determine the appropriate guidelines for using this method.
1.3 The nondestructive procedure places strain on the sealant and a stress on the adhesive bond. Though termed nondestructive, this procedure may result in an adhesive failure of a deficient sealant bead, but should not cause a cohesive failure in the sealant. The results of this procedure should be either adhesive failure or no failure.
Note 3—The nondestructive procedure may require immediate repair of the sealant bead, if failure is experienced. Appropriate materials and equipment should be available for this purpose.
1.4 The non-destructive procedure can be used for continuous inspect...

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2008
ICS
83.060 - Rubber
Technical Committee
C24 - Building Seals and Sealants
Drafting Committee
C24.30 - Adhesion
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C1521-02a - Standard Practice for Evaluating Adhesion of Installed Weatherproofing Sealant Joints
Effective Date
01-May-2008
Replaced By
ASTM C1521-08a - Standard Practice for Evaluating Adhesion of Installed Weatherproofing Sealant Joints
Effective Date
01-Jul-2008
Referred By
ASTM C1722-23 - Standard Guide for Repair and Restoration of Dimension Stone
Effective Date
01-May-2008
Referred By
ASTM C1394-20 - Standard Guide for In-Situ Structural Silicone Glazing Evaluation
Effective Date
01-May-2008
Referred By
ASTM C1401-23 - Standard Guide for Structural Sealant Glazing
Effective Date
01-May-2008
Referred By
ASTM C1193-16(2023) - Standard Guide for Use of Joint Sealants
Effective Date
01-May-2008

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ASTM C1521-08 - Standard Practice for Evaluating Adhesion of Installed Weatherproofing Sealant JointsASTM C1521-08 - Standard Practice for Evaluating Adhesion of Installed Weatherproofing Sealant Joints
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C 1521 – 08
Standard Practice for
Evaluating Adhesion of Installed Weatherproofing Sealant
1
Joints
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1521; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.4 The non-destructive procedure can be used for continu-
ous inspection of 100 % of the joint(s) or for any areas where
1.1 This practice describes field tests to determine the
deficient conditions, which are inconsistent with the practices
adhesive and cohesive characteristics of an installed sealant
of Guide C 1193, are suspected.
joint, by manually placing a strain on the sealant. The sealant
1.5 The committee with jurisdiction over this practice is not
to be tested shall be fully cured. The results of this method can
aware of any comparable practices published by other organi-
be used in conjunction with other information to determine the
zations or committees.
overall performance of the sealant joint. The user of this
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
practice should define the other parameters to be evaluated
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
such as cleaning of the substrate, depth control of the sealant,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
sealant profile, etc. This method describes both nondestructive
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
and destructive procedures.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.2 The destructive procedure stresses the sealant in such a
way as to cause either cohesive or adhesive failure of the
2. Referenced Documents
sealant or cohesive failure of the substrate where deficient
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
substrate conditions exist. The objective is to characterize the
C 717 Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
adhesive/cohesive performance of the sealant on the specific
C 1193 Guide for Use of Joint Sealants
substrate by applying whatever strain is necessary to effect
failure of the sealant bead. It is possible that the strain applied
3. Terminology
to the sealant bead may result in the failure of a deficient
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this rec-
substrate before effecting a failure in the sealant.
ommended procedure, see Terminology C 717.
NOTE 1—The destructive procedure requires immediate repair of the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
sealant bead.Appropriate materials and equipment should be available for
3.2.1 flap, n—the term “flap” as used in this specification
this purpose.
refers to a portion of an installed sealant bead that has been
NOTE 2—Sealant formulations may fail in cohesion or adhesion when
purposelycutalongonesubstratebondlineandacrossthebead
properly installed, and tested by this method. The sealant manufacturer
at two locations resulting in a portion of bead adhered along
should be consulted to determine the appropriate guidelines for using this
method. one substrate bond line.
3.2.2 tail, n—the term “tail” as used in this specification
1.3 The nondestructive procedure places strain on the seal-
refers to a portion of an installed sealant bead that has been
ant and a stress on the adhesive bond. Though termed nonde-
purposely cut along both substrate bond lines and across the
structive, this procedure may result in an adhesive failure of a
bead at one location resulting in a portion of bead unadhered to
deficient sealant bead, but should not cause a cohesive failure
the substrates but adhered to the remainder of the sealant bead.
in the sealant. The results of this procedure should be either
adhesive failure or no failure.
4. Significance and Use
NOTE 3—The nondestructive procedure may require immediate repair
4.1 Many parameters contribute to the overall performance
of the sealant bead, if failure is experienced. Appropriate materials and
of a sealant application. Some of the most significant param-
equipment should be available for this purpose.
eters are sealant bead size and configuration, joint movement,
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C24 on Building
2
Seals and Sealants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C24.30 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Adhesion. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved May 1, 2008. Published June 2008. Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as C 1521 – 02a. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 10
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C1521–02a Designation: C 1521 – 08
Standard Practice for
Evaluating Adhesion of Installed Weatherproofing Sealant
1
Joints
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1521; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice describes field tests to determine the adhesive and cohesive characteristics of an installed sealant joint, by
manually placing a strain on the sealant. The sealant to be tested shall be fully cured. The results of this method can be used in
conjunctionwithotherinformationtodeterminetheoverallperformanceofthesealantjoint.Theuserofthispracticeshoulddefine
the other parameters to be evaluated such as cleaning of the substrate, depth control of the sealant, sealant profile, etc.This method
describes both nondestructive and destructive procedures.
1.2 The destructive procedure stresses the sealant in such a way as to cause either cohesive or adhesive failure of the sealant
orcohesivefailureofthesubstratewheredeficientsubstrateconditionsexist.Theobjectiveistocharacterizetheadhesive/cohesive
performance of the sealant on the specific substrate by applying whatever strain is necessary to effect failure of the sealant bead.
It is possible that the strain applied to the sealant bead may result in the failure of a deficient substrate before effecting a failure
in the sealant.
NOTE 1—The destructive procedure requires immediate repair of the sealant bead. Appropriate materials and equipment should be available for this
purpose.
NOTE 2—Sealant formulations may fail in cohesion or adhesion when properly installed, and tested by this method. The sealant manufacturer should
be consulted to determine the appropriate guidelines for using this method.
1.3 The nondestructive procedure places strain on the sealant and a stress on the adhesive bond.Though termed nondestructive,
this procedure may result in an adhesive failure of a deficient sealant bead, but should not cause a cohesive failure in the sealant.
The results of this procedure should be either adhesive failure or no failure.
NOTE 3—The nondestructive procedure may require immediate repair of the sealant bead, if failure is experienced. Appropriate materials and
equipment should be available for this purpose.
1.4The committee with jurisdiction over this practice is not aware of any comparable practices published by other organizations
or committees.
1.5
1.4 Thenon-destructiveprocedurecanbeusedforcontinuousinspectionof100%ofthejoint(s)orforanyareaswheredeficient
conditions, which are inconsistent with the practices of Guide C 1193, are suspected.
1.5 Thecommitteewithjurisdictionoverthispracticeisnotawareofanycomparablepracticespublishedbyotherorganizations
or committees.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C 717 Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
C 1193 Guide for Use of Joint Sealants
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this recommended procedure, see Terminology C 717.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C24 on Building Seals and Sealants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C24.30 on Adhesion.
Current edition approved May 10, 2002. Published July 2002. Originally published as C1521–02. Last previous edition C1521–02.
Current edition approved May 1, 2008. Published June 2008. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as C 1521 – 02a.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol 04.07.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1521–08
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 flap, n—the term “flap” as used in this specification refers to a portion of an installed sealant bead that has been purposely
c
...

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4.1 Many parameters contribute to the overall performance of a sealant application. Some of the most significant parameters are sealant bead size and configuration, joint movement, quality of workmanship, the quality of the adhesive bond, and the quality of the sealant material.  
4.2 A sealant usually fails to perform as a weatherseal when it experiences cohesive or adhesive failure.  
4.3 If a sealant bead fails, an evaluation of the total joint movement may be needed to determine if the joint sealant was strained beyond its intended design, or if the sealant failed within the design parameters.  
4.4 If a sealant bead fails adhesively, there is no straightforward procedure for determining the cause. The adhesive failure may be due to workmanship, the specific surface preparation used, the specific sealant used, poor “installed” joint design, poor bond chemistry and other causes.  
4.5 Because of the complex nature of the performance of a sealant bead, an understanding of the quality of the adhesive bond is instrumental in any evaluation of sealant performance. It is critical that the evaluation procedures used truly evaluate the quality of the adhesive bond and do not simply take advantage of the tear resistance of the sealant.  
4.6 This method does not evaluate the performance of a sealant bead as a weatherseal. It only evaluates the characteristics of the adhesive bond relative to the cohesive strength of the sealant in a particular installation. Since any failures that result from use of these procedures are intentionally induced, they do not necessarily mean that the sealant bead will not perform as a weatherseal.  
4.7 The results of these methods are most useful in identifying sealant beads with poor adhesion. The continuous inspection procedure is also useful in the identification of places of poor joint configuration. Obvious cohesive failures are also identified. The results of these methods can be used to assess the likely performance of the seal...
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1.1 This practice describes destructive and non-destructive procedures.  
1.2 The destructive procedure stresses the sealant in such a way as to cause either cohesive or adhesive failure of the sealant or cohesive failure of the substrate where deficient substrate conditions exist. The objective is to characterize the adhesive/cohesive performance of the sealant on the specific substrate by applying a strain that correlates to the strain that the sealant bead may experience when subjected to its maximum published movement capability, when known; or a reasonable strain when the movement capability is unknown. It is possible that the strain applied to the sealant bead may result in no failure of the sealant or the substrate, failure of a deficient substrate before effecting a failure in the sealant, or a failure of the sealant.
Note 1: The destructive procedure requires immediate repair of the sealant bead. Appropriate materials and equipment should be available for this purpose.
Note 2: Sealant formulations may fail in cohesion or adhesion when properly installed, and evaluated by this method. The sealant manufacturer should be consulted to determine the appropriate guidelines for using this method.  
1.3 The non-destructive procedure places strain on the sealant and a stress on the adhesive bond. Though termed non-destructive, this procedure may result in an adhesive failure of a deficient sealant bead, but should not cause a cohesive failure in the sealant. The results of this procedure should be either adhesive failure or no failure.
Note 3: The non-destructive procedure may require immediate repair of the sealant bead, if sealant failure is experienced. Appropriate materials and equipment should be available for this purpose.  
1.4 The non-destructive procedure can be used for continuous inspection of 100 % of the sealant bead(s), or for any areas where deficient conditions, which are inconsistent with the pr...

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ASTM
ASTM C603-14(2019)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Extrusion Rate and Application Life of Elastomeric Sealants

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The results obtained by this test method are simply a measure of the time required to extrude a known volume of sealant through a known orifice under a predetermined pressure.  
4.2 This test method is not considered a measure of cure rate.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers two laboratory procedures for determining the extrusion rate and application life (or “pot life”) of elastomeric chemically curing sealants for use in building construction.  
Note 1: These sealants are supplied with various rheological properties ranging from pourable liquids to nonsagging pastes. Single-component sealants are supplied ready for use upon opening the container, and their rate of cure is determined by the climatic conditions to which they are exposed. Multicomponent sealants are supplied as a base component and a curing agent separately packaged. After mixing the two parts, the sealant is ready for application, and curing begins immediately.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.  
1.3 There is no known ISO equivalent to this test method.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C1523-17(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining Modulus, Tear and Adhesion Properties of Precured Elastomeric Joint Sealants

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Seals are manufactured in flat extruded shapes and are primarily used to span joint openings. The seal is adhered to construction substrates utilizing a liquid applied adhesive, to seal building openings such as panel joints, metal flashing joints or other joints in place of conventional liquid applied sealants. In actual use, failure of an applied seal in an active joint is usually manifested by cohesive failure of the seal; adhesive failure between the adhesive and the substrate; adhesive failure between the adhesive and the seal; cohesive failure of the substrate or tear propagation parallel to the joint length.
FIG. 1 Standard Substrate Test Specimen Assemblies  
FIG. 2 Beveled Bridge Joint Configuration  
FIG. 3 U-joint Configuration  
FIG. 4 Test Specimen Showing 5 mm Cut in the Middle of the Seal for Tear Propagation Testing  
FIG. 5 Partial Tear  
Tear propagates perpendicular to the length of the joint as shown above, left; or at any angle leading to the joint wall as shown above, right. In each case tear stops at the joint wall with an intact unbroken joint length on both sides of at least 12.5 mm.
FIG. 6 Tear  
Tear propagates parallel to the joint wall and opens one side or both sides.  
5.2 This test method can be used for testing the adhesion of the adhesive to the substrate and to the seal, tensile load at various strains and tear resistance at various strains after the specimens are exposed to wet, cold, hot and artificial weathering conditionings. All or some of these properties are experienced on actual job sites.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a laboratory procedure for measuring modulus, tear, joint movement ability and adhesion properties of applied, Precured Elastomeric Joint Sealants, hereinafter referred to as “applied seal” and if not applied, hereinafter referred to as “seal,” on portland cement mortar as a standard substrate and or other substrates. It tests these properties after dry, wet, frozen, heat aged or artificially weather-aged conditionings, or both.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any similar standard published by another committee or organization.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off