ASTM E935-13
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Performance of Permanent Metal Railing Systems and Rails for Buildings
Standard Test Methods for Performance of Permanent Metal Railing Systems and Rails for Buildings
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods are intended to provide information from which applicable design and performance data can be derived for the performance of metal railing systems and rails installed and fastened to structural elements of concrete, masonry, wood, and metal as well as related products.
4.2 These test methods may be used to determine whether railing systems comply with requirements of the applicable performance specifications.
4.3 These test methods are intended for use in the buying and selling of railing systems and components according to performance specifications, for use in product development research, for use in quality assurance and manufacturing process control, for use in developing performance standards, and for use in field and laboratory compliance determination. Typical floor-mounted railings are shown in Fig. 1.
FIG. 1 Front Views of Sections of Three Typical Railing Systems
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures to be followed in testing the performance of permanent metal railing systems (guard, stair, and ramp-rail systems), including components such as rails (hand, wall, grab, and transfer rails) and swing gates or other forms of required guardrail opening protection, installed in and for agricultural, assembly, commercial, educational, industrial, institutional, recreational, and residential buildings and other structures, such as towers or elevated platforms.
1.2 These test methods are applicable to such railing systems and rails having major structural components made of metal, with their secondary components, including swing gates or other forms of guardrail protection, made of metal or other materials such as wood, plastic, and glass.
1.3 These test methods can be used to determine whether permanent metal railing systems and rails,2 including components, comply with requirements of the applicable performance specifications, such as building codes, or performance standards such as those described in Specification E985, ANSI/ASSE A1264.1, and OSHA 1910.23.
1.4 Specifically, these test methods cover procedures for determining the static strength of metal railing systems, rails and components as structural elements when installed and fastened to concrete, masonry, wood, and metal, as well as related products.
1.5 No consideration is given in these test methods to any possible deterioration of metal railing systems, rails, and connections, resulting from adverse environmental conditions. The performance of special tests covering this aspect may be desirable.
1.6 These test methods are limited to the application of the loads described herein.
1.7 Should computations make it possible to provide the needed information, testing can be employed for verification.
1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 11.2.
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Designation: E935 − 13
StandardTest Methods for
Performance of Permanent Metal Railing Systems and Rails
1
for Buildings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E935; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.6 These test methods are limited to the application of the
loads described herein.
1.1 These test methods cover procedures to be followed in
1.7 Should computations make it possible to provide the
testing the performance of permanent metal railing systems
needed information, testing can be employed for verification.
(guard, stair, and ramp-rail systems), including components
such as rails (hand, wall, grab, and transfer rails) and swing
1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
gates or other forms of required guardrail opening protection,
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
installed in and for agricultural, assembly, commercial,
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
educational, industrial, institutional, recreational, and residen-
and are not considered standard.
tial buildings and other structures, such as towers or elevated
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the
platforms.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.2 These test methods are applicable to such railing sys-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
tems and rails having major structural components made of priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
metal, with their secondary components, including swing gates
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
or other forms of guardrail protection, made of metal or other statements, see 11.2.
materials such as wood, plastic, and glass.
2. Referenced Documents
1.3 These test methods can be used to determine whether
3
2 2.1 ASTM Standards:
permanent metal railing systems and rails, including
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
components, comply with requirements of the applicable
E575 Practice for Reporting Data from Structural Tests of
performance specifications, such as building codes, or perfor-
Building Constructions, Elements, Connections, and As-
mancestandardssuchasthosedescribedinSpecificationE985,
semblies
ANSI/ASSE A1264.1, and OSHA 1910.23.
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
1.4 Specifically, these test methods cover procedures for
E985 Specification for Permanent Metal Railing Systems
determining the static strength of metal railing systems, rails
and Rails for Buildings
and components as structural elements when installed and
E1481 Terminology of Railing Systems and Rails for Build-
fastened to concrete, masonry, wood, and metal, as well as
ings
related products.
2.2 Other Standards:
ANSI/ASSE A1264.1 Safety Requirements for Workplace
1.5 No consideration is given in these test methods to any
4
Walking/Working Surfaces and Their Access
possible deterioration of metal railing systems, rails, and
5
OSHA1910.23 Guarding floor and wall openings and holes
connections, resulting from adverse environmental conditions.
The performance of special tests covering this aspect may be
3. Terminology
desirable.
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in these test
methods, see Terminology E631 and Terminology E1481.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on
3
Performance of Buildings and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.56 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
on Performance of Railing Systems and Glass for Floors and Stairs. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved April 1, 2013. Published April 2013. Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as E935-00(2006). DOI: the ASTM website.
4
10.1520/E0935-13. Available fromAmerican Society of Safety Engineers (ASSE), 1800 E. Oakton
2
“Field Testing Device for Railing Systems and Rails,”Journal of Testing and St., Des Plaines, IL 60018, http://www.asse.org.
5
Evaluation, Vol. 16, No. 6, ID JTE11274J, Online, Available: http://www.astm.org, Available from Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), 200
01 November 1988. Constitution Ave., Washington, DC 20210, http://www.osha.gov/law-regs.html.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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E935
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E935 − 00 (Reapproved 2006) E935 − 13
Standard Test Methods for
Performance of Permanent Metal Railing Systems and Rails
1
for Buildings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E935; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover procedures to be followed in testing the performance of permanent metal railing systems (guard,
stair, and ramp-rail systems) and rails (hand, wall, grab, and transfer rails) installed in and for agricultural, assembly, commercial,
educational, industrial, institutional, recreational, and residential buildings.
1.2 These test methods are applicable to such railing systems and rails having major structural components made of metal, with
their secondary components made of metal or other materials such as wood, plastic, and glass.
1.3 These test methods can be used to determine whether permanent metal railing systems and rails comply with anticipated
performance requirements of the applicable specifications, codes, and standards, such as those described in Specification E985.
1.4 Specifically, these test methods cover procedures for determining the static strength of metal railing systems and rails as
structural elements when installed and fastened to concrete, masonry, wood, and metal as well as related products.
1.5 No consideration is given in these test methods to any possible deterioration of metal railing systems, rails, and connections,
resulting from adverse environmental conditions. The performance of special tests covering this aspect may be desirable.
1.6 These test methods are limited to the application of concentrated loads described herein. Whenever given uniformly
distributed loads are to be resisted by a railing system or rail in accordance with governing specifications, codes, and standards,
the effects of such uniformly distributed loads on the member stresses shall be determined by calculation and the corresponding
concentrated loads shall be given consideration during testing and data evaluation.
1.7 Should computations make it possible to provide the needed information, testing can be employed for verification.
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Note 1.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E575 Practice for Reporting Data from Structural Tests of Building Constructions, Elements, Connections, and Assemblies
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
E985 Specification for Permanent Metal Railing Systems and Rails for Buildings
E1481 Terminology of Railing Systems and Rails for Buildings
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:For definitions of terms used in these test methods, see Terminology E631 and Terminology E1481.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Performance of Buildings and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.56 on
Performance of Railing Systems and Glass for Floors and Stairs.
Current edition approved April 1, 2006April 1, 2013. Published April 2006April 2013. Originally approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 20002006 as
ε1
E935 – 00E935-00(2006). . DOI: 10.1520/E0935-00R06.10.1520/E0935-13.
2
“Field Testing Device for Railing Systems and Rails,”Journal of Testing and Evaluation, Vol. 16, No. 6, ID JTE11274J, Online, Available: http://www.astm.org, 01
November 1988.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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E935 − 13
3.2.1 infill—in the context of this standard, the balusters of a baluster railing system and the structural as well as decorative
elements, including panels, mesh, and similar elements, of a panel railing system, located between top and bottom rails and posts;
to serve the twofold purpose of (1) pro
...
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