ASTM E1936-03

Standard Reference Radiograph for Evaluating the Performance of Radiographic Digitization Systems

SCOPE
1.1 This reference radiograph covers a series of test targets suitable for evaluating, quantifying, and documenting performance parameters of the radiographic digitization process or the electronic image reconstruction process, or both. This reference radiograph can be used for visual and electronic analysis of digitization systems. This is the first of three related standards. Subsequent standards will provide guidance on the use of the test targets and recommended system performance levels.
1.2 This reference radiograph provides a series of test targets to provide a vehicle for the evaluation of spatial resolution, density contrast sensitivity, dynamic range, and spatial linearity as well as other aspects of a digitization system. The test targets are suitable for evaluating a digitization system with a spatial resolution down to ~1/1000 in (25 micrometers (μ) a density contrast sensitivity down to 0.02 optical density (OD), a density range of 0.5 to 4.5 OD, and a film size capacity of 14 in. (355 mm) wide by 17 in. (431 mm) long.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard, with the exception of the spatial resolution targets (6.2 and 6.6 ) which are stated in SI units.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Jul-2003
• ICS: 11.040.50 - Radiographic equipment
• Technical Committee: E07 - Nondestructive Testing
• Drafting Committee: E07.02 - Reference Radiological Images

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E1936-97 - Standard Reference Radiograph for Evaluating the Performance of Radiographic Digitization Systems
• Effective Date: 10-Jul-2003
• Replaced By: ASTM E1936-03(2007) - Standard Reference Radiograph for Evaluating the Performance of Radiographic Digitization Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2007
• Referred By: ASTM E1161-21 - Standard Practice for Radiographic Examination of Semiconductors and Electronic Components
• Effective Date: 10-Jul-2003
• Referred By: ASTM E94/E94M-22 - Standard Guide for Radiographic Examination Using Industrial Radiographic Film
• Effective Date: 10-Jul-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E1936–03
Standard Reference Radiograph for
Evaluating the Performance of Radiographic Digitization
1
Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1936; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
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1. Scope Industrial Radiographic Films
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E 1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
1.1 This reference radiograph covers a series of test targets
2
E 1411 Practice for Qualification of Radioscopic Systems
suitable for evaluating, quantifying, and documenting perfor-
2.2 ASME Standard:
mance parameters of the radiographic digitization process or
SectionV,Article2, MandatoryAppendixVI,DigitalImage
the electronic image reconstruction process, or both. This
Acquisition, Display, Interpretation and Storage for
reference radiograph can be used for visual and electronic
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Nuclear Applications
analysis of digitization systems.This is the first of three related
2.3 ASTM Adjuncts:
standards. Subsequent standards will provide guidance on the
Standard Reference Radiograph for Evaluating the Perfor-
use of the test targets and recommended system performance
4
mance of Radiographic Digitization Systems
levels
1.2 This reference radiograph provides a series of test
3. Terminology
targets to provide a vehicle for the evaluation of spatial
3.1 Definitions:
resolution, density contrast sensitivity, dynamic range, and
3.1.1 Refer to Terminology E 1316 for definitions of terms
spatial linearity as well as other aspects of a digitization
used in this guide.
system. The test targets are suitable for evaluating a digitiza-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
tion system with a spatial resolution down to ;1/1000 in. [25
3.2.1 converging line pairs—the targets located on the
micrometres (µ)] a density contrast sensitivity down to 0.02
reference radiograph that are used to determine the spatial
optical density (OD), a density range of 0.5 to 4.5 OD, and a
resolution of the digitization system.
film size capacity of 14 in. [355 mm] wide by 17 in. [431 mm]
3.2.2 parallel line pairs—the targets located on the refer-
long.
ence radiograph that are used in conjunction with the converg-
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
ing line pairs to determine the spatial resolution of the
as the standard, with the exception of the spatial resolution
digitization system.
targets (6.2 and 6.7) which are stated in SI units.
3.2.3 reference radiograph—the single piece of industrial
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety
radiographic film containing all of the reference targets de-
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
scribed in this document.
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
3.2.4 scan line—it is a path that is one pixel high (vertical)
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
by the number of pixels wide (horizontal), that is captured by
limitations prior to use.
the digitization system. The scan lines are added, one on top of
2. Referenced Documents the other, to electronically reproduce the physical (analog) data
in the horizontal (film width) and vertical (film length) direc-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tions on the display monitor.
E 1079 Practice for Calibration of Transmission Densitom-
2
3.2.5 spatial linearity—the accuracy to which a digitization
eters
systemreproducesthephysicaldimension.Itisassessedwithin
E 1254 Guide for Storage of Radiographs and Unexposed
a single scan line and from one scan line to the next (horizontal
and vertical directions).
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ThisreferenceradiographisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE07on
Nondestructive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.02 on
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Reference Radiological Images. Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
Current edition approved July 10, 2003. Published September 2003. Originally International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990.
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approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as E 1936 - 97. AvailablefromEPRINDECenter,NDEDivision,1300HarrisBlvd.,Charlotte,
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.03. NC 28262.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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E1936–03
3.2.6 spatial resolution—it is measured as the minimum with sizes of 8 in. [203 mm] by 10 in. [254 mm], 11 in. [279
distance detectable between two physically spaced lines (see mm] by 14 in. [355 mm], and 14 in. [355 mm] by 17 in. [430
6.2 spatial resolution targets
...