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ASTM B418-08

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc Anodes

Standard Specification for Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc Anodes

ABSTRACT
This specification covers cast and wrought galvanic zin anodes used for the cathodic protection of more noble metals and alloys in sea water, brackish water, other saline electrolytes, or other corrosive environments. The anodes shall undergo chemical analysis and spectrochemical analysis and shall conform to the required chemical compositions of aluminum, cadmium, iron, lead, copper, and zinc.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers cast and wrought galvanic zinc anodes used for the cathodic protection of more noble metals and alloys in sea water, brackish water, other saline electrolytes, or other corrosive environments.
1.2 Type I anodes are most commonly used for such applications. The Type I anode composition in this specification meets the chemical composition requirements of MIL-A-18001J.
1.3 Zinc anodes conforming to this specification may be used in other waters, electrolytes, backfills, and soils where experience has shown that the specified composition is efficient and reliable. Type II anodes are most commonly used for such applications.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2008
ICS
25.220.01 - Surface treatment and coating in general
Technical Committee
B02 - Nonferrous Metals and Alloys
Drafting Committee
B02.04 - Zinc and Cadmium
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM B418-06 - Standard Specification for Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc Anodes
Effective Date
01-Nov-2008
Replaced By
ASTM B418-09 - Standard Specification for Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc Anodes
Effective Date
01-Oct-2009
Referred By
ASTM B949-23 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Zinc and Zinc Alloy Products
Effective Date
01-Nov-2008

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REDLINE ASTM B418-08 - Standard Specification for Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc AnodesREDLINE ASTM B418-08 - Standard Specification for Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc Anodes
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: B418 – 08
Standard Specification for
1
Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc Anodes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B418; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* E536 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Zinc and Zinc
Alloys
1.1 This specification covers cast and wrought galvanic zinc
2
2.2 Military Standard:
anodes used for the cathodic protection of more noble metals
MIL-A-18001J Military Specification Anodes, Corrosion
and alloys in sea water, brackish water, other saline electro-
Preventative, Zinc, Slab Disc, and Rod Shaped
lytes, or other corrosive environments.
3
2.3 ISO Standards:
1.2 Type I anodes are most commonly used for such
ISO 3815-1 Zincandzincalloys—Part1:Analysisofsolid
applications. The Type I anode composition in this specifica-
samples by optical emission spectrometry
tion meets the chemical composition requirements of MIL-A-
ISO 3815-2 Zinc and zinc alloys — Part 2: Analysis by
18001J.
inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry
1.3 Zinc anodes conforming to this specification may be
used in other waters, electrolytes, backfills, and soils where
3. Terminology
experiencehasshownthatthespecifiedcompositionisefficient
3.1 Terms shall be defined in accordance with Terminology
and reliable. Type II anodes are most commonly used for such
B899.
applications.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.2.1 cathodic protection, n—reduction of corrosion by
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
making the protected metal the cathode in a conducting
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
medium by applying direct current.
and are not considered standard.
3.2.2 galvanic anode, n—a metal electrode that sacrificially
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
corrodes when coupled to a more noble metal in a conducting
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
medium, and thereby supplies a protective electric current to
responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar
the noble electrode.
with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate
3.2.3 ribbon anode, n—a long, continuous sacrificial anode
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material
shape, with a diamond, square, rectangular, oval, or other
as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate
cross-section, most commonly made of zinc, magnesium or
safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of
aluminum, having a core wire normally made of steel, that is
regulatory limitations prior to use.
usually supplied in coils or reels of 100 to 3600 ft depending
2. Referenced Documents upon size and cross-section.
3.2.4 saline electrolyte, n—a solution consisting of mainly
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the chlorides of the alkali metals.
B6 Specification for Zinc
B899 Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and
4. Ordering Information
Alloys
4.1 Orders for anodes under this specification shall include
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
the following information:
Determine Conformance with Specifications
4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
4.1.2 Type of anode material (see Table 1),
Unified Numbering System (UNS)
4.1.3 Quantity in pounds,
4.1.4 Number of anodes,
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on
2
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
B02.04 on Zinc and Cadmium. Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008. Published December 2008. Originally www.dodssp.daps.mil.
3
approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as B418 – 06. DOI: Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
10.1520/B0418-08. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*ASummary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B418 – 08
A
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Iron, Lead, Copper, Others,
C
Zinc ,
B
Type (UNS) Aluminum, % Cadmium, % max, max, max, Total,
%
% % % %
Type I (Z32120) 0.1–0.5 0.025–0.07 0.005 0.006 0.005 0.1 remainder
Type II
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:B418–06 Designation: B 418 – 08
Standard Specification for
1
Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc Anodes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 418; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers cast and wrought galvanic zinc anodes used for the cathodic protection of more noble metals and
alloys in sea water, brackish water, other saline electrolytes, or other corrosive environments.
1.2 Type I anodes are most commonly used for such applications. The Type I anode composition in this specification meets the
chemical composition requirements of MIL-A-18001J.
1.3 Zinc anodes conforming to this specification may be used in other waters, electrolytes, backfills, and soils where experience
has shown that the specified composition is efficient and reliable. Type II anodes are most commonly used for such applications.
1.4The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data
Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B 6 Specification for Zinc
B 899 Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)
E 536 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Zinc and Zinc Alloys
2
2.2 Military Standard:
MIL-A-18001JMilitary SpecificationAnodes, Corrosion Preventative, Zinc, Slab Disc, and Rod Shaped Military Specification
Anodes, Corrosion Preventative, Zinc, Slab Disc, and Rod Shaped
3
2.3 ISO Standards:
ISO 3815-1 Zinc and zinc alloys — Part 1: Analysis of solid samples by optical emission spectrometry
ISO 3815-2 Zinc and zinc alloys — Part 2: Analysis by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry
3. Terminology
3.1 Terms shall be defined in accordance with Terminology B 899.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 cathodic protection, n—reduction of corrosion by making the protected metal the cathode in a conducting medium by
applying direct current.
3.2.2 galvanic anode, n—a metal electrode that sacrificially corrodes when coupled to a more noble metal in a conducting
medium, and thereby supplies a protective electric current to the noble electrode.
3.2.3 ribbon anode, n—a long, continuous sacrificial anode shape, with a diamond, square, rectangular, oval, or other
cross-section, most commonly made of zinc, magnesium or aluminum, having a core wire normally made of steel, that is usually
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B02 on Nonferrous Metals andAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B02.04 on Zinc
and Cadmium.
Current edition approved Dec.Nov. 1, 2006.2008. Published January 2007.December 2008. Originally approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 20012006 as
B 418 – 016.
2
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://www.dodssp.daps.mil.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*ASummary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B418–08
supplied in coils or reels of 100 to 3600 ft depending upon size and cross-section.
3.2.4 saline ele
...

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ABSTRACT
This specification covers cast and wrought galvanic zin anodes used for the cathodic protection of more noble metals and alloys in sea water, brackish water, other saline electrolytes, or other corrosive environments. The anodes shall undergo chemical analysis and spectrochemical analysis and shall conform to the required chemical compositions of aluminum, cadmium, iron, lead, copper, and zinc.
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1.1 This specification covers cast and wrought galvanic zinc anodes used for the cathodic protection of more noble metals and alloys in sea water, brackish water, other saline electrolytes, or other corrosive environments.  
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4.1 The present trend in environmental testing of materials with electrically conductive surfaces is to produce, under accelerated laboratory conditions, corrosion and film-forming reactions that are similar to those that cause failures in service environments. In many of these procedures the parts under test are exposed for days or weeks to controlled quantities of both water vapor and pollutant gases, which may be present in extremely dilute concentrations.
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SCOPE
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SCOPE
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SCOPE
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ASTM
ASTM E2338-22(Practice)
Standard Practice for Characterization of Coatings Using Conformable Eddy Current Sensors without Coating Reference Standards

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Conformable Eddy Current Sensors—Conformable, eddy current sensors can be used on both flat and curved surfaces, including fillets, cylindrical surfaces, etc. When used with models for predicting the sensor response and appropriate algorithms, these sensors can measure variations in physical properties, such as electrical conductivity or magnetic permeability, or both, as well as thickness of conductive coatings on any substrate and nonconductive coatings on conductive substrates or on a conducting coating. These property variations can be used to detect and characterize heterogeneous regions within the conductive coatings, for example, regions of locally higher porosity.  
4.2 Sensors and Sensor Arrays—Depending on the application, either a single-sensing element sensor or a sensor array can be used for coating characterization. A sensor array provides a better capability to map spatial variations in coating thickness or conductivity, or both (reflecting, for example, porosity variations), and provides better throughput for scanning large areas. The size of the sensor footprint and the size and number of sensing elements within an array depend on the application requirements and constraints, and the nonconductive (for example, ceramic) coating thickness.  
4.3 Coating Thickness Range—The conductive coating thickness range over which a sensor performs best depends on the difference between the electrical conductivity of the substrate and conductive coating and available frequency range. For example, a specific sensor geometry with a specific frequency range for impedance measurements may provide acceptable performance for an MCrAlY coating over a nickel-alloy substrate for a relatively wide range of conductive coating thickness, for example, from 75 to 400 μm (0.003 to 0.016 in.). Yet, for another conductive coating-substrate combination, this range may be 10 to 100 μm (0.0004 to 0.004 in.). The coating characterization performance may also depend on the thick...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the use of conformable eddy current sensors for nondestructive characterization of coatings without standardization on coated reference parts. It includes the following: (1) thickness measurement of a conductive coating on a conductive substrate, (2) detection and characterization of local regions of increased porosity of a conductive coating, and (3) measurement of thickness for nonconductive coatings on a conductive substrate or on a conductive coating. This practice includes only nonmagnetic coatings on either magnetic (μ ≠ μ0) or nonmagnetic (μ = μ0) substrates. In addition to discrete coatings on substrates, this practice can also be used to measure the effective thickness of a process-affected zone (for example, shot peened layer for aluminum alloys, alpha case for titanium alloys) and to assess the condition of other layered media such as joints (for example, lap joints and skin panels over structural supports). For specific types of coated parts, the user may need a more specific procedure tailored to a specific application.  
1.2 Specific uses of conventional eddy current sensors are covered by Practices D7091 and E376 and the following test methods issued by ASTM: B244 and E1004. Guidance for the use of conformable eddy current sensor arrays is provided in Guide E2884.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized ...

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  • Standard
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ASTM
ASTM F1178-11(2022)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Performance of Enameling System, Baking, Metal Joiner Work and Furniture

ABSTRACT
This specification covers performance of enameling system and baking primer on metal joiner work and furniture. Specification includes procedures for cleaning, degreasing, enameling, and texturing. Performance criteria shall include test panel description, primer test panel preparation, salt spray exposure, blistering resistance, corrosion resistance, enamel test panel preparation, gloss, hardness, paint cure, adhesion, flexibility, impact resistance, and color stability.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the performance of a baking primer and enamel on metal for use on fabricated metal products, including marine furniture and joiner work.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The metric (SI) units, given in parentheses, are for information only.  
1.3 Painting facilities shall comply with all applicable Federal and State regulations regarding emissions and waste disposal.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D6676/D6676M-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Cathodic Disbonding of Exterior Pipeline Coatings at Elevated Temperatures Using Interior Heating

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Damage to a pipe coating is almost unavoidable during transportation and construction. Breaks or holidays in pipe coatings may expose the pipe to possible corrosion since, after a pipe has been installed underground, the surrounding earth will be moisture-bearing and will constitute an effective electrolyte. Applied cathodic protection potentials may cause loosening of the coating, beginning at holiday edges. Spontaneous holidays may also be caused by such potentials. Usually exterior pipeline coatings applied over pipes carrying hot media (oil, gas) are exposed to high temperature inside the pipe and low temperature outside and subjected to temperature gradient. Heat flux is directed from metal (substrate) to the coating. This test method provides accelerated conditions for cathodic disbondment to occur under simulated heating and provides a measure of resistance of coatings to this type of action.  
4.2 The effects of the test are to be evaluated by physical examinations and monitoring the current drawn by the test specimens. Usually there is no correlation between the two methods of evaluation, but both methods are significant. Physical examination consists of assessing the effective contact of the coating with the metal surface in terms of observed differences in the relative adhesive bond. It is usually found that the cathodically disbonded area propagates from an area where adhesion is zero to an area where adhesion reaches the original level. An intermediate zone of decreased adhesion may also be present.  
4.3 Assumptions associated with test results include:  
4.3.1 Maximum adhesion, or bond, is found in the coating that was not immersed in the test liquid, and  
4.3.2 Decreased adhesion in the immersed test area is the result of cathodic disbondment.  
4.4 Ability to resist disbondment is a desired quality on a comparative basis, but disbondment in this test method is not necessarily an adverse indication of coating performance. The virtue of this...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes an accelerated procedure for determining comparative characteristics of coating systems applied to the exterior of steel pipe for the purpose of preventing or mitigating corrosion that may occur in underground or immersion where the pipe is carrying heated media and is under cathodic protection. This test method is intended for use with samples of coated pipe, or with a specimen cut from the section of coated pipe or flat plates and is applicable to such samples when the coating is characterized by function as an electrical barrier.  
1.2 This test method is intended to simulate conditions when external coatings are exposed to high temperature inside the pipe and to an ambient temperature outside, and thus are subjected to temperature gradient. If elevated temperatures are required but without temperature gradient, see Test Method G42.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
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  • Standard
    9 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off