ASTM D5534-94(1999)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Vapor-Phase Rust-Preventing Characteristics of Hydraulic Fluids
Standard Test Method for Vapor-Phase Rust-Preventing Characteristics of Hydraulic Fluids
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the ability of hydraulic fluids to prevent the rusting of steel in the vapor phase over the hydraulic fluid and water.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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An American National Standard
Designation:D5534–94 (Reapproved 1999)
Standard Test Method for
Vapor-Phase Rust-Preventing Characteristics of Hydraulic
Fluids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5534; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method covers the ability of hydraulic fluids to 3.1 This test method is divided into two parts:
prevent the rusting of steel in the vapor phase over the 3.1.1 Part A is used only for fluids where water is the
hydraulic fluid and water. continuous phase. Examples of such fluids include water-
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the glycol hydraulic fluids and high-water-content hydraulic fluids.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information Do not use PartAto evaluate invert emulsion hydraulic fluids.
only. 3.1.2 Part B can be used for both water-containing fluids
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the and completely water-free fluids such as petroleum based
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the hydraulic fluids, except phosphate esters. In Part B a small
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- beaker of water is present to provide water vapor to cause
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- corrosion in the absence of a vapor-phase inhibitor in the fluid.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Part B is the appropriate procedure for evaluating invert
emulsion hydraulic fluids.
2. Referenced Documents
3.2 In both Part A and Part B, a steel specimen is attached
2.1 ASTM Standards:
to the underside of the cover of a beaker containing the fluid
A 108 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Cold Finished, undertest.Theapparatusandspecimenareidenticaltothoseof
Standard Quality
Test Method D 3603. The fluid is brought to a test temperature
A 240 Specification for Heat-Resisting Chromium and of 60°C (140°F).
Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
3.3 In Part B, the test specimen is exposed to the vapor from
for Pressure Vessels
the fluid for 30 min prior to the introduction of water.Abeaker
D91 Test Method for Precipitation Number of Lubricating of water is then placed in the undercarriage of the cover.
Oils
3.4 After 6 h, the apparatus is disassembled and the speci-
D 665 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of men is rated visually for the presence of rust.
Inhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of Water
3.5 Since the apparatus and test conditions are identical,
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water Part A can be completed simultaneously with Test Method
D 3603 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of
D 3603 by adding the vapor-phase specimen to that procedure.
Steam Turbine Oil in the Presence of Water (Horizontal
6 4. Significance and Use
Disk Method)
E1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers 4.1 Procedures such as Test Methods D 665 and D 3603
2.2 Other Standards: assess the ability of new or unused hydraulic fluid to prevent
IP 60/80 Specification for Petroleum Spirit rusting on wetted steel surfaces but do not address the
prevention of rusting in the vapor space above the fluid. This
procedure addresses the latter question under one set of test
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-2 on
conditions and need not be applicable to some service condi-
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
tions. Since used fluids have not been cooperatively tested in
D02.N on Hydraulic Fluids.
this procedure, its utility for in-service monitoring has not been
Current edition approved Apr. 15, 1994. Published June 1994.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.05.
established.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
Available fromApplied Science Publishers, Ltd., Ripple Road, Barking, Essex,
England.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D5534–94 (1999)
5. Apparatus
5.1 Oil Bath, a thermostatically controlled liquid bath ca-
pable of maintaining a temperature in the oil sample of 60 6
1°C (140 6 2°F). The bath shall have holes to accommodate
the test beakers.
NOTE 1—The bath used for Test Method D 665 can be used with a
slight modification, that is, the centers of the beaker holes are moved from
1 23
6.4 mm to 18.3 mm ( ⁄4 to ⁄32 in.) from the axis of the stirrers.
NOTE 2—To indicate the temperature, a thermometer conforming to the
requirements of ASTM Thermometer 9C or 9F, or IP Thermometer 21C,
as prescribed in SpecificationE1 should be used.
5.2 Beaker, a 400-mL, Berzelius-type, tall-form heat resis-
tant glass beaker, approximately 127 mm (5 in.) in height
measured from the inside bottom center and approximately 70
mm (2 ⁄4 in.) in inside diameter measured at the middle, and
without pourout (see Fig. 1).
NOTE 1—All dimensions are in millimetres (inches).
FIG. 2 Beaker Cover
5.7) used in Part B. One suitable undercarriage (the one used in
the round-robin) is shown in Fig. 1. An undercarriage must be
present even for PartA, to prevent vortexing. The holding rod,
appropriate for this apparatus, is depicted in Fig. 4.
NOTE 3—Other holders suitable for supporting the specimen in Test
Method D 3603 are also suitable for supporting the water beaker in this
test method. The undercarriage design is not considered to be critical.
5.4 Stirrer, a stirrer constructed entirely from stainless steel
in the form of an inverted T (Fig. 5). A flat blade 25.4 by 6.1
by 0.6 mm (1 by 0.24 by 0.024 in.) shall be attached to a 6.1
mm (0.24 in.) rod in such a way that the blade is symmetrical
with the rod and has its flat surface in the vertical pane.
NOTE 4—A suitable material is an 18 % chromium, 8 % nickel alloy
steel conforming to Type 304 of Specification A 240, or SAE No. 30304,
or BS 970: Part 1: 1983: 302531.
NOTE 5—Ifstainlesssteelisnotavailable,stirrersmadeofheatresistant
glass and having approximately the same dimensions as the stainless steel
stirrers can be used.
5.5 Stirring Apparatus—any convenient form of stirring
apparatus capable of maintaining a speed of 1000 6 50 rpm.
NOTE 1—All dimensions are in millimetres (inches).
5.6 Grinding and Polishing Equipment— a 150- and 240-
FIG. 1 Rusting Test Apparatus
grit metalworking aluminum oxide abrasive cloth, closed
coat on a jeans backing, a suitable chuck (Fig. 6) for holding
5.3 Beaker Cover (Fig. 2) and Specimen Holder (Fig. 3)—a the specimen, and a means of rotating the specimen at a speed
of 1700 to 1800 rpm.
flat beaker cover of 4.8 mm ( ⁄16 in.) methyl methacrylate resin
5.7 Water Beaker for Part B—a flat-bottomed beaker made
or other fluid-resistant material, kept in position by a suitable
from 30 mm (1.2 in.) outside diameter standard wall glass
groove. Three holes, 7.9 mm ( ⁄16 in.) in diameter, shall be
tubing, 50 mm (2.0 in.) high. It should fit snugly in the
provided.Twoarelocatedonanydiameterofthecover,onefor
undercarriage of the specimen holder.
a stirrer 18.3 mm ( ⁄32 in.) from the cover’s center, and the
other for the vapor-phase test specimen 7.9 mm ( ⁄16 in.) from
6. Reagents and Materials
the center on the opposite side. The third hole, for a thermom-
eter, is located 27 mm (1 ⁄16 in.) from the center on a diameter
6.1 Cleaning Agents—One of the following shall be used.
perpendicular to that of the other two holes. The undercarriage 6.1.1 ASTM Precipitation Naphtha, conforming to Test
is a Test Method D 3603 specimen holder suitably attached to
MethodD91.
the beaker cover, used here to support the water beaker (see
Borosilicate glass is satisfactory for this purpose.
9 11
British Standard 2, 1965 Section 5, or equivalent, may be used. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.04 (gray pages).
D5534–94 (1999)
NOTE 1—All dimensions are in millimetres (inches).
FIG. 3 Specimen Holder
NOTE 1—All dimensions are in millimetres (inches).
FIG. 4 Holding Rod
NOTE 6—Warning: Precipitation naphtha is flammable and a health
hazard.
6.1.2 Isooctane, conforming to Annex A2. on Reference
NOTE 1—All dimensions are in millimetres (inches).
11 125
Materials and Blending Accessories. Previously used, un- NOTE 2— all over.
NOTE 3—All dimensions 60.5 mm (0.02 in.).
rusted specimens shall be stored in this reagent.
NOTE 4—Break all sharp corners.
NOTE 7—Warning: Isooctane is flammable and a health hazard.
FIG. 5 Stirrer
6.1.3 IP Petroleum Spirit, c
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