ASTM C614-74(1999)

Standard Test Method for Alkali Resistance of Porcelain Enamels

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the resistance of a porcelain enamel to a hot solution of tetrasodium pyrophosphate. Although the specific alkali mentioned herein is tetrasodium pyrophosphate the equipment and techniques are equally applicable to other alkali solutions.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Mar-1999
• ICS: 25.220.50 - Enamels
• Technical Committee: B08 - Metallic and Inorganic Coatings
• Drafting Committee: B08.12 - Materials for Porcelain Enamel and Ceramic-Metal Systems

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM C614-74(2005) - Standard Test Method for Alkali Resistance of Porcelain Enamels
• Effective Date: 15-Sep-2005
• Referred By: ASTM C286-22 - Standard Terminology Relating to Porcelain Enamel and Ceramic-Metal Systems
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-1999
• Referred By: ASTM C756-87(2021) - Standard Test Method for Cleanability of Surface Finishes
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-1999

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C614–74 (Reapproved 1999)
Standard Test Method for
Alkali Resistance of Porcelain Enamels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 614; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.3 Thermometer, calibrated, approximately 15 in. (380
mm) long and ⁄32 in. (7.1 mm) in diameter, with 0.1° divisions.
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the resis-
3.4 Drying Oven, electrically heated.
tance of a porcelain enamel to a hot solution of tetrasodium
3.5 Balance, having a sensitivity of 0.1 mg and a capacity of
pyrophosphate. Although the specific alkali mentioned herein
not less than 200 g.
istetrasodiumpyrophosphatetheequipmentandtechniquesare
3.6 Desiccator.
equally applicable to other alkali solutions.
3.7 Hot Plate, or burner suitable for heating the test solu-
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tion.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.8 Sponge, soft, cellulose.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1 1 1
3.9 Aluminum Alloy Sheets, approximately 3 ⁄2 by 3 ⁄2 by ⁄8
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
in. (89 by 89 by 3.1 mm).
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Reagents and Materials
2. Significance and Use
4.1 Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate, hydrated (Na P O ·
2.1 This test method is intended specifically for testing the 4 2 7
10H O), recrystallized, reagent grade.
resistance to alkaline attack of porcelain enamels to be used as
4.2 Trisodium Phosphate (Na PO ·12H O).
a final finish on washing machines, dishwashers, combination 3 4 2
washer-dryers, and similar appliances where the surface is
5. Test Specimens
normally exposed to an alkaline environment at elevated
5.1 Preparation of Specimens— The test specimens shall
temperatures.
be 3 ⁄2 in. (89 mm) square and may be prepared by enameling
3. Apparatus metal blanks of that size or by cutting from a larger piece.
Hanging holes, if necessary for firing or weighing or both, may
3.1 Test Chamber, of a type illustrated in Fig. 1, Fig. 3, and
beplacedatthecorners.Thespecimensshallbesufficientlyflat
Fig. 6. This part of the equipment consists of a stainless steel
to permit sealing in the holders. The edges of cut specimens
beaker fitted with an O-ring sealed cover which supports an
shall be stoned or filed to remove any sharp or loosely adhering
immersion heater, a stirring device, thermometer and ther-
fragmentsofmetalorporcelainenamel.Itisrecommendedthat
mistor wells; three specimen holders; a reflux condenser; a
the specimens be permanently marked on the back side for
flow channeling shield to slide over and be supported by the
identification.
immersion heater; and a stirring motor. The beaker, heater
5.2 Number of Specimens—Six specimens shall be tested
sheath, stirring device, thermometer and thermistor wells,
simultaneously.
specimenholders,andtheflowchannelingshieldshallbemade
5.3 Cleaning of Specimens Before Alkali Exposure—The
from stainless steel alloys from the AISI 300 Series.
specimens shall be rinsed with running tap water and washed
3.2 Temperature Controller, thermistor-actuated, capable of
with a soft cellulose sponge dampened with a 1 % solution of
maintaining the temperature of the alkali solution in the beaker
trisodium phosphate. A light pressure and a back-and-forth
at 96.00 6 0.20°C.
motion in two directions, 90° apart, shall be used in the
washing.Afterwashing,thespecimensshallberinsedfirstwith
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B-8 on Metallic
running tap water, next with distilled water and then allowed to
and Inorganic Coatings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B08.12 on
drain in a near vertical position prior to oven-drying at 110°C
Materials for Porcelain Enamel and Ceramic-Metal Systems.
for 15 min. The specimens shall be cooled in a desiccator for
Current edition approved Feb. 27, 1974. Published May 1974. Originally
30 min prior to weighing.
published as C 614 – 68. Last previous edition C 614 – 68.
This test was developed at the National Bureau of Standards under the
5.4 Weighing of Test Specimens—The specimens shall be
sponsorship of The Porcelain Enamel Institute, Inc., and published as P. E. I.
weighed immediately upon removal from the desiccator.
Bulletin T-25.
Weights shall be recorded to 0.0001 g. The weighed specimens
See the appendix for drawings of the equipment. This equipment may be
purchased from the Hoover Instrument Service, Inc., 401 N. Home Rd.,Mansfield, shall be stored in a desiccator until tested.
OH 44906.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
C614
NOTE 1—Test solution is in stainless steel beaker.
FIG. 1 Alkali Equipment in Operation
6. Procedure Expose six specimens for6hat96 6 0.20°C. The exposure
timeshallstartuponinsertionofthespecimenholdersandshall
6.1 Preparation of Test Solution—Prepare the test solution
end with their withdrawal. After removal from the holders
by adding 260 g of tetrasodium pyrophosphate to 4.940 litres
clean, dry and weigh the specimens as specified in 5.3 and 5.4.
of distilled water. Pour the entire amount of prepared solution
6.5 Measurement of Exposed Area—Calculate the area of
into the beaker and cover the rectangular slots with lids. Use a
the etched portion of the specimen using the average of two
freshly prepared solution for each set of six specimens.
diameters,approximately90°apart,whichhavebeenmeasured
6.2 Preheating Test Solution—Place the temperature con-
to the nearest 0.01 in. (0.25 mm).
troller and stirrer in operation and preheat the solution to 96°C.
Heating may be expedited by placing the beaker on a hot plate
7. Calculation
or over a gas burner. When a temperature near 96°C has been
reached, remove the beaker from the hot plate and place on an
7.1 Calculate the weight loss for each specimen as follows:
insulated surface. Allow an equilibration period of 15 min for
2 3
L, mg/in. 5 @~B– C! 3 10 #/D (1)
all parts of the equipment to achieve a stable temperature, and
or
adjustment of the control point to yield the desired tempera-
ture. 2 3
L, mg/cm 5 @~B – C! 3 10 #/E (2)
6.3 Preparation for Alkali Exposure— Place two clean,
weighed specim
...