ASTM F2482-05

Standard Specification for Load-Indicating Externally Threaded Fasteners

ABSTRACT
This specification covers externally threaded bolts, studs, and cap screws called fasteners, capable of indicating clamping forces up to yield strength during the tightening process or post installation residual tension, or both. Load-indicating fasteners utilize mechanical, electronic, or ultrasonic means to indicate fastener tension. These fasteners provide a means to verify the desired clamp load in critical applications upon installation and in service. This specification covers the following four different types of load-indicating fasteners: mechanical dial type (MT); electronic type (ET); strain gauge type (ST); and ultrasonic type (UT). Tension test shall be performed to conform to the chemical and mechanical requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers externally threaded bolts, studs, and cap screws as defined in , herein called fasteners, capable of indicating clamping forces up to yield strength during the tightening process or post installation residual tension, or both. Load-indicating fasteners utilize mechanical, electronic, or ultrasonic means to indicate fastener tension.
1.2 This specification covers bolt diameters 1/4 to 7 in. inclusive.
1.3 These fasteners provide a means to verify the desired clamp load in critical applications upon installation and in service.
The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test method portion, Section , of the specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2005
• ICS: 21.060.10 - Bolts, screws, studs
• Technical Committee: F16 - Fasteners
• Drafting Committee: F16.02 - Steel Bolts, Studs and Nuts

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM F2482-08 - Standard Specification for Load-Indicating Externally Threaded Fasteners
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Referred By: ASTM F1789-22 - Standard Terminology for F16 Mechanical Fasteners
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2005

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F 2482 – 05
Standard Specification for
1
Load-Indicating Externally Threaded Fasteners
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2482; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E 1685 Practice for Measuring the Change in Length of
1.1 This specification covers externally threaded bolts,
Fasteners Using the Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Technique
studs, and cap screws as defined in Table 1, herein called
F 1470 GuideforFastenerSamplingforSpecifiedMechani-
fasteners, capable of indicating clamping forces up to yield
cal Properties and Performance Inspection
strength during the tightening process or post installation
F 1789 Terminology for F16 Mechanical Fasteners
residual tension, or both. Load-indicating fasteners utilize
mechanical, electronic, or ultrasonic means to indicate fastener
3. Terminology
tension.
3.1 Terms used in this specification are defined in Termi-
1
1.2 This specification covers bolt diameters ⁄4 to 7 in.
nology F 1789, unless otherwise specified herein.
inclusive.
3.2 Definitions:
1.3 These fasteners provide a means to verify the desired
3.2.1 calibration of accuracy lot—lot shall consist of all
clamp load in critical applications upon installation and in
load-indicating fasteners processed essentially together
service.
through all operations to the shipping container that are of the
1.4 The following precautionary statement pertains only to
same nominal size, the same nominal length, and
the test method portion, Section 11, of the specification: This
manufactured/calibrated from the same mill heat of steel. This
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
lotisusedforthepurposeofassigninganidentificationnumber
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
and from which calibrated samples shall be selected.
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
3.2.2 load-indicating fastener—externally threaded fastener
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
equipped with a load indicating device capable of measuring
tions prior to use.
fastener tension during the tightening process or residual
2. Referenced Documents tension after tightening, or both.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4. Classification
A 193/A 193M Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless
4.1 This specification covers the following four different
Steel Bolting Materials for High-Temperature Service
types of load-indicating fasteners:
A 325 Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heated,
4.1.1 Mechanical Dial Type (MT)—This type of fastener
120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
incorporatesadialontheheadoftheboltorendofthestudthat
A 354 Specification for Quenched and Tempered Alloy
continuously displays the tension in the fastener.
Steel Bolts, Studs, and Other Externally Threaded Fasten-
4.1.2 Electronic Type (ET) —This type of fastener employs
ers
an electronic measuring device attached to the head or end to
A 449 Specification for Quenched and Tempered Steel
obtain readings indicating the tension in the fastener.
Bolts and Studs
4.1.3 Strain Gauge Type (ST)—This type of fastener incor-
A 490 Specification for Structural Bolts, Alloy Steel, Heat
porates a bonded device wired in a wheatstone bridge configu-
Treated, 150 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
ration which, through changes in relative resistance, reports
tension in the fastener.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on
4.1.4 Ultrasonic Type (UT)—This type of fastener incorpo-
Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts,
rates an acoustic coupling device using pulse-echo technique
Nuts, Rivets, and Washers.
capable of converting time-of-flight (TOF) measurements into
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2005. Published December 2005.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
existing fastener tension.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.2 Various grades are listed in Table 1.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
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F2482–05
TABLE 1 Grades and Classification
Load-Indicating Fastener Bolt Diameter, in. Min. Tensile Strength Mechanical/Chemical/Testing
Grade/Head Marking Classification Requirements In Accordance With:
1
325-1 ⁄2 to 1, incl. 120 000 psi Specification
...