ASTM F2482/F2482M-21

Standard Specification for Load-Indicating Externally Threaded Fasteners

ABSTRACT
This specification covers externally threaded bolts, studs, and cap screws called fasteners, capable of indicating clamping forces up to yield strength during the tightening process or post installation residual tension, or both. Load-indicating fasteners utilize mechanical, electronic, or ultrasonic means to indicate fastener tension. These fasteners provide a means to verify the desired clamp load in critical applications upon installation and in service. This specification covers the following four different types of load-indicating fasteners: mechanical dial type (MT); electronic type (ET); strain gauge type (ST); and ultrasonic type (UT). Tension test shall be performed to conform to the chemical and mechanical requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers externally threaded bolts, studs, and cap screws, herein called fasteners, capable of indicating clamping forces up to yield strength during the tightening process or post installation residual tension, or both. Load-indicating fasteners utilize a variety of sensor types to indicate fastener tension. This specification outlines the various types of load indication technologies available and defines their performance requirements.  
1.2 This specification covers fastener diameters 1/4 to 7 in. [M6 to M180] inclusive. Fasteners are manufactured from a variety of material types and grades. All fastener materials shall be defined by a governing engineering standard or specification for strength and performance values (see 6.1). Fasteners governed by this specification shall maintain traceability of material test records throughout the manufacturing process to verify conformance with the applicable fastener standards.  
1.3 These fasteners provide a means to verify the desired clamp load in critical applications upon installation and in service.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.5 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test method portion, Section 11, of the specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2021
• ICS: 21.060.10 - Bolts, screws, studs
• Technical Committee: F16 - Fasteners
• Drafting Committee: F16.02 - Steel Bolts, Studs and Nuts

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F2482/F2482M −21
Standard Specification for
1
Load-Indicating Externally Threaded Fasteners
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF2482/F2482M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.1 This specification covers externally threaded bolts,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
studs, and cap screws, herein called fasteners, capable of
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
indicating clamping forces up to yield strength during the
tighteningprocessorpostinstallationresidualtension,orboth.
2. Referenced Documents
Load-indicating fasteners utilize a variety of sensor types to
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
indicatefastenertension.Thisspecificationoutlinesthevarious
E4Practices for Force Calibration and Verification of Test-
typesofloadindicationtechnologiesavailableanddefinestheir
ing Machines
performance requirements.
E1685PracticeforMeasuringtheChangeinLengthofBolts
1
1.2 This specification covers fastener diameters ⁄4 to 7 in.
Using the Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Technique
[M6 to M180] inclusive. Fasteners are manufactured from a
F1470Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Me-
variety of material types and grades. All fastener materials
chanical Properties and Performance Inspection
shall be defined by a governing engineering standard or
F1789Terminology for F16 Mechanical Fasteners
specification for strength and performance values (see 6.1).
3
2.2 ASME Standard:
Fasteners governed by this specification shall maintain trace-
B18.2.1Square, Hex, Heavy Hex, and Askew Head Bolts
ability of material test records throughout the manufacturing
and Hex, Heavy Hex, Hex Flange, Lobed Head, and Lag
process to verify conformance with the applicable fastener
Screws (Inch Series)
standards.
4
2.3 ISO Standard:
1.3 These fasteners provide a means to verify the desired
ISO 898-1Mechanical Properties of fasteners made of
clamp load in critical applications upon installation and in
carbon or alloy steel Part -1
service.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
3. Terminology
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
3.1 Terms used in this specification are defined in Termi-
eachsystemarenotnecessarilyexactequivalents;therefore,to
nology F1789, unless otherwise specified herein.
ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be
3.2 Definitions:
used independently of the other, and values from the two
3.2.1 calibration of accuracy lot—lot shall consist of all
systems shall not be combined.
load-indicating fasteners processed essentially together
1.5 The following precautionary statement pertains only to
through all operations to the shipping container that are of the
the test method portion, Section 11, of the specification: This
same nominal size, the same nominal length, and
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
manufactured/calibrated from the same mill heat of steel. This
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
lotisusedforthepurposeofassigninganidentificationnumber
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
and from which calibrated samples shall be selected.
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
1 3
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts, International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
Nuts, Rivets and Washers. www.asme.org.
4
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2021. Published January 2022. Originally Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO
approvedin2005.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2015asF2482–08(2015).DOI: Central Secretariat, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier, Geneva,
10.1520/F2482_F2482M-21. Switzerland, https://www.iso.org.
*A Summar
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F2482 − 08 (Reapproved 2015) F2482/F2482M − 21
Standard Specification for
1
Load-Indicating Externally Threaded Fasteners
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2482;F2482/F2482M; the number immediately following the designation indicates
the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers externally threaded bolts, studs, and cap screws as defined in screws, Table 1, herein called fasteners,
capable of indicating clamping forces up to yield strength during the tightening process or post installation residual tension, or
both. Load-indicating fasteners utilize mechanical, electronic, or ultrasonic meansa variety of sensor types to indicate fastener
tension. This specification outlines the various types of load indication technologies available and defines their performance
requirements.
1
1.2 This specification covers boltfastener diameters ⁄4 to 7 in. inclusive.[M6 to M180] inclusive. Fasteners are manufactured from
a variety of material types and grades. All fastener materials shall be defined by a governing engineering standard or specification
for strength and performance values (see 6.1). Fasteners governed by this specification shall maintain traceability of material test
records throughout the manufacturing process to verify conformance with the applicable fastener standards.
1.3 These fasteners provide a means to verify the desired clamp load in critical applications upon installation and in service.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are
included in this standard.separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore,
to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems
shall not be combined.
1.5 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test method portion, Section 11, of the specification: This
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the applicability
of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A193/A193M Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for High Temperature or High Pressure Service and Other
Special Purpose Applications
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts, Nuts, Rivets
and Washers.
Current edition approved May 1, 2015Dec. 1, 2021. Published August 2015January 2022. Originally approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 20082015 as
F2482–08.F2482–08(2015). DOI: 10.1520/F2482-08R15.10.1520/F2482_F2482M-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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F2482/F2482M − 21
3
A325 Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength (Withdrawn 2016)
A354 Specification for Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Bolts, Studs, and Other Externally Threaded Fasteners
A449 Specification for Hex Cap Screws, Bolts and Studs, Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105/90 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength,
General Use
3
A490 Specification for Structural Bolts, Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, 150 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength (Withdrawn 2016)
E4 Practices for Force Calibration and Verification of Testing Machines
E1685 Practice for Measuring the Change in Length o
...