ASTM C336-71(2010)

Standard Test Method for Annealing Point and Strain Point of Glass by Fiber Elongation

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides data useful for (1) estimating stress release, (2) the development of proper annealing schedules, and (3) estimating setting points for seals. Accordingly, its usage is widespread throughout manufacturing, research, and development. It can be utilized for specification acceptance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the annealing point and the strain point of a glass by measuring the viscous elongation rate of a fiber of the glass under prescribed condition.
1.2 The annealing and strain points shall be obtained by following the specified procedure after calibration of the apparatus using fibers of standard glasses having known annealing and strain points, such as those specified and certified by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) (see Appendix X1).
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2010
• ICS: 81.040.10 - Raw materials and raw glass
• Technical Committee: C14 - Glass and Glass Products
• Drafting Committee: C14.04 - Physical and Mechanical Properties

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C336-71(2005) - Standard Test Method for Annealing Point and Strain Point of Glass by Fiber Elongation
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2010
• Replaced By: ASTM C336-71(2015) - Standard Test Method for Annealing Point and Strain Point of Glass by Fiber Elongation
• Effective Date: 01-May-2015
• Referred By: ASTM F105-72(2019) - Standard Specification for Type 58 Borosilicate Sealing Glass
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2010
• Referred By: ASTM C770-16(2020) - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Glass Stress—Optical Coefficient
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2010
• Referred By: ASTM F79-69(2019) - Standard Specification for Type 101 Sealing Glass
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2010
• Referred By: ASTM C162-05(2015) - Standard Terminology of<brk type="line"/> Glass and Glass Products
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2010
• Referred By: ASTM C1350M-96(2019) - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Viscosity of Glass Between Softening Point and Annealing Range (Approximately 10⁸ Pa&#xb7;s to Approximately 10¹³ Pa&#xb7;s) by Beam Bending (Metric)
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2010
• Referred By: ASTM C598-93(2019) - Standard Test Method for Annealing Point and Strain Point of Glass by Beam Bending
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C336 − 71(Reapproved 2010)
Standard Test Method for
Annealing Point and Strain Point of Glass by Fiber
1
Elongation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C336; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3. Definitions
3.1 annealing point—that temperature at which internal
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the anneal-
stresses in a glass are substantially relieved in a matter of
ing point and the strain point of a glass by measuring the
4
,5 ,6
minutes. During a test in accordance with the requirements
viscous elongation rate of a fiber of the glass under prescribed
of this method, the viscous elongation rate is measured by a
condition.
suitable extensometer while the specimen fiber is cooling at a
1.2 The annealing and strain points shall be obtained by
rate of 4 6 1°C/min.The elongation rate at the annealing point
following the specified procedure after calibration of the
is approximately 0.14 mm/min for a fiber of 0.65-mm diam-
apparatus using fibers of standard glasses having known
6
eter.
annealing and strain points, such as those specified and
3.2 annealing range—the range of glass temperature in
certified by the National Institute of Standards and Technology
2
which stresses in glass articles can be relieved at a commer-
(NIST) (see Appendix X1).
cially desirable rate. For purposes of comparing glasses, the
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
annealing range is assumed to correspond with the tempera-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tures between the annealing point (AP) and the strain point
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
(StP).
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.3 strain point—that temperature at which the internal
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
stresses in a glass are substantially relieved in a matter of
hours. The strain point is determined by extrapolation of the
2. Referenced Documents
annealing point data and is the temperature at which the
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
viscous elongation rate is 0.0316 times that observed at the
C338 Test Method for Softening Point of Glass
annealing point.
C598 Test Method for Annealing Point and Strain Point of
Glass by Beam Bending
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method provides data useful for (1) estimating
stress release, (2) the development of proper annealing
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C14 on Glass
schedules, and (3) estimating setting points for seals.
and Glass Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C14.04 on
Physical and Mechanical Properties.
4
Current edition approved April 1, 2010 Published May 2010. Originally Littleton, J. T., and Roberts, E. H., “A Method for Determining the Annealing
approved in 1954. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C336 – 71 (2005). Temperature of Glass,” Journal of the Optical Society of America, Vol 4, 1920, p.
DOI: 10.1520/C0336-71R10. 224.
2 5
Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Lillie, H. R., “Viscosity of Glass Between the Strain Point and Melting
Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://www.nist.gov. Publi- Temperature,” Journal of American Ceramic Society, Vol 14, 1931, p. 502;
cation 260. “Re-Evaluation of Glass Viscosities at Annealing and Strain Points,” Journal of
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or American Ceramic Society, Vol 37, 1954, p. 111.
6
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM McGraw, D. A. and Babcock, C. L., “Effect of Viscosity and Stress Level on
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Rate of Stress Release in Soda-Lime, Potash-Barium and Borosilicate Glasses,”
the ASTM website. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol 42, 1959, p. 330.
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C336 − 71 (2010)
Accordingly, its usage is widespread throughout of the couple. The cold junction of the thermocouple shall be
manufacturing, research, and development. It can be utilized maintained in an ice bath during tests.
for specification acceptance.
5.2.1 The temperature-indicating instrument, preferably a
potentiometer, shall be of such quality and sensitivity as to
5. Apparatus
permitreadi
...