ASTM D6279-99e1
(Test Method)Test Method for Rub Abrasion Mar Resistance of High Gloss Coatings
Test Method for Rub Abrasion Mar Resistance of High Gloss Coatings
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for evaluating the relative mar resistance of a series of high gloss coatings applied to a flat, rigid surface. Wet rub and dry rub abrasion tests are described. To fully characterize a coating's mar resistance, both tests should be run.
Note 1--Dry abrasion mar resistance can also be evaluated by using Test Method D6037. If a series of very highly mar resistant coatings is being evaluated, Test Method D6037 will generally provide the better performance discrimination than the dry rub test described here. However, if the equipment described in Test Method D6037 is not available, the dry rub test described in this test method affords a reasonable alternative. The dry rub test is also useful for evaluating coatings that are not highly mar resistant.
1.2 Mar resistance is assessed by measuring the gloss of the abraded and unabraded areas. Mar resistance is directly related to the coating's ability to retain gloss in abraded areas.
Note 2--The mar resistance values obtained by this test method have no absolute significance. They should only be used to derive relative performance rankings for test panels that have been prepared from the series of coatings that are currently being evaluated. If mar resistance values are quoted between laboratories, it is essential that a common standard be measured and that the values be compared to that standard. Even then, the values should be used with caution.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to its use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
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e1
Designation: D 6279 – 99
Test Method for
Rub Abrasion Mar Resistance of High Gloss Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6279; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
e NOTE—Research report was added editorially July 2000.
1. Scope D 1005 Test Methods for Measurement of Dry Film Thick-
ness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
1.1 This test method covers procedures for evaluating the
D 1186 Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of
relative mar resistance of a series of high gloss coatings applied
Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
to a flat, rigid surface. Wet rub and dry rub abrasion tests are
a Ferrous Base
described. To fully characterize a coating’s mar resistance,
D 1400 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of
both tests should be run.
Dry Film Thickness of Nonconductive Coatings Applied to
NOTE 1—Dry abrasion mar resistance can also be evaluated by using 2
a Nonferrous Metal Base
Test Method D 6037. If a series of very highly mar resistant coatings is
D 3924 Specification for Standard Environment for Condi-
being evaluated, Test Method D 6037 will generally provide the better
tioning and Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer and Related
performance discrimination than the dry rub test described here. However,
Materials
if the equipment described in Test Method D 6037 is not available, the dry
D 6037 Test Method for Dry Abrasion Mar Resistance of
rub test described in this test method affords a reasonable alternative. The
dry rub test is also useful for evaluating coatings that are not highly mar
High Gloss Coatings
resistant.
3. Terminology
1.2 Mar resistance is assessed by measuring the gloss of the
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
abraded and unabraded areas. Mar resistance is directly related
3.1.1 mar resistance—The ability of a coating to resist
to the coating’s ability to retain gloss in abraded areas.
permanent deformation or fracture, resulting from the applica-
NOTE 2—The mar resistance values obtained by this test method have
tion of a dynamic mechanical force.
no absolute significance. They should only be used to derive relative
3.1.1.1 Discussion—This test method measures resistance
performance rankings for test panels that have been prepared from the
to visible damage caused by mild abrasion.
series of coatings that are currently being evaluated. If mar resistance
values are quoted between laboratories, it is essential that a common
4. Summary of Test Method
standard be measured and that the values be compared to that standard.
Even then, the values should be used with caution.
4.1 The coatings that are being evaluated are applied at
uniform dry film thickness to planar panels of uniform surface
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
texture. After drying or curing, or both, panels are marred by
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
the action of dry abrasion media or wet abrasion media, or
information only.
both, under a reciprocating weighted pad. Mar resistance is
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety
assessed by measuring the coating’s gloss within the abraded
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
and unabraded areas of test panels. Mar resistance is directly
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
related to the coating’s ability to retain gloss in abraded areas.
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
5. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents
5.1 Coatings, particularly the high gloss coatings used on
automobiles, boats, toys, etc., are subject of a wide variety of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
conditions (for example, wiping, cleaning and exposure) dur-
D 523 Test Method for Specular Gloss
ing manufacture and service that can mar their surface. The
D 823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness
ability of high gloss coatings to maintain their appearance is an
of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels
important product attribute. This test method provides a way to
estimate the ability of high gloss coatings to resist mar damage.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-1 on Paint
and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
6. Apparatus
Subcommittee D01.55 on Factory Applied Coatings on Preformed Products.
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 1999. Published February 2000.Originally
6.1 Application Equipment, as described in Practices D 823.
published as D 6279–98. Last previouw edition D 6279–98.
6.2 Film Thickness Measuring Apparatus, as described in
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 6279
Test Methods D 1005, D 1186 or D 1400. cation D 3924 unless otherwise specified in the test methods or
6.3 Abrader—The mar tester is so designed that the 16 the standard.
mm, 61 mm diameter, friction element with a downward force
9. Procedure
of9N, 610 %, moves back and forth in a straight line over a
4in 6 0.4 in. (100 mm 6 10 mm) track on the test panel. It has
9.1 Securely fasten the friction element to the reciprocating
a uniform stroke rate of 60 r/min. One revolution is a complete
arm.
back and forth motion.
9.2 Set the number of cycles at 10, unless otherwise
6.4 Friction Pad— Cover the instrument’s friction element
specified. Set fewer cycles for easily marred panels and more
with a pad made of felt or paper. Felt pads can be attached by
cycles for more mar resistant materials.
wrapping the felt around the friction element and holding it in
9.3 Attach a new pad to the friction element. If an adhesive
place with a suitable spring clip or clamp. Paper pads must be
backed pad is used, attach the pad to the bottom of the friction
cut to fit to cover the area of the friction element that contacts
element. For nonadhesive backed pads, cover the friction
the coating. They can be attached to the friction element with
element by cupping the cloth around the bottom. Attach the
two-sided tape or paper pads that can be purchased with an
material with a spring clip or clamp, such that a flat, un-
adhesive backing. The type of pad affects the abrasion and so
wrinkled cloth surface comes into contact with the coated
must be defined for the test. It has been found that generally a
panel.
thicker felt pad works best for dry abrasion and a thinner pad
9.4 Dry Abrasion— Sprinkle a liberal amount of dry abra-
is best for wet abrasion.
sion media over approximately one half of the panel. Holding
6.5 Dry Abrasion Media—Feldspar/calcite, non-silicate
the panel so its plane is vertical, tap its bottom edge firmly on
cleaning powder.
a hard surface so that an even,
...
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