ASTM B861-00
(Specification)Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Seamless Pipe
Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Seamless Pipe
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for 26 grades of titanium and titanium alloy seamless pipe intended for general corrosion resisting and elevated temperature service as follows:
1.1.1 Grade 1—Unalloyed titanium, low oxygen,
1.1.2 Grade 2—Unalloyed titanium, standard oxygen,
1.1.3 Grade 3—Unalloyed titanium, medium oxygen,
1.1.4 Grade 5—Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 % vanadium),
1.1.5 Grade 7—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12 % to 0.25 % palladium, standard oxygen,
1.1.6 Grade 9—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 % vanadium),
1.1.7 Grade 11—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12 % to 0.25 % palladium, low oxygen,
1.1.8 Grade 12—Titanium alloy (0.3 % molybdenum, 0.8 % nickel),
1.1.9Grade 13—Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 % ruthenium), low oxygen,
1.1.10 Grade 14—Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 % ruthenium), standard oxygen,
1.1.11 Grade 15—Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 % ruthenium), medium oxygen,
1.1.12 Grade 16—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 % to 0.08 % palladium, standard oxygen,
1.1.13 Grade 17—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 % to 0.08 % palladium, low oxygen,
1.1.14 Grade 18—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 % vanadium plus 0.04 % to 0.08 % palladium),
1.1.15 Grade 19—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 8 % vanadium, 6 % chromium, 4 % zirconium, 4 % molybdenum),
1.1.16 Grade 20—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 8 % vanadium, 6 % chromium, 4 % zirconium, 4 % molybdenum) plus 0.04 % to 0.08 % palladium,
1.1.17 Grade 21—Titanium alloy (15 % molybdenum, 3 % aluminum, 2.7 % niobium, 0.25 % silicon),
1.1.18 Grade 23—Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 % vanadium, extra low interstitial, ELI),
1.1.19 Grade 24—Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 % vanadium) plus 0.04 % to 0.08 % palladium,
1.1.20 Grade 25—Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 % vanadium) plus 0.3 % to 0.8 % nickel and 0.04 % to 0.08 % palladium,
1.1.21 Grade 26—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to 0.14 % ruthenium,
1.1.22 Grade 27—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to 0.14 % ruthenium,
1.1.23 Grade 28—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 % vanadium plus 0.08-0.14 % ruthenium),
1.1.24 Grade 29—Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 % vanadium, extra low interstitial, ELI plus 0.08-0.14 % ruthenium),
1.1.25 Grade 33—Titanium alloy (0.4% nickel, 0.015% palladium, 0.025% ruthenium, 0.15% chromium), and
1.1.26 Grade 34—Titanium alloy (0.4% nickel, 0.015% palladium, 0.025% ruthenium, 0.15% chromium).
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: B 861 – 00
Standard Specification for
Titanium and Titanium Alloy Seamless Pipe
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 861; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope vanadium) plus 0.04 % to 0.08 % palladium,
1.1.20 Grade 25—Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 %
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for 26 grades
vanadium) plus 0.3 % to 0.8 % nickel and 0.04 % to 0.08 %
of titanium and titanium alloy seamless pipe intended for
palladium,
general corrosion resisting and elevated temperature service as
1.1.21 Grade 26—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to 0.14 %
follows:
ruthenium,
1.1.1 Grade 1—Unalloyed titanium, low oxygen,
1.1.22 Grade 27—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to 0.14 %
1.1.2 Grade 2—Unalloyed titanium, standard oxygen,
ruthenium,
1.1.3 Grade 3—Unalloyed titanium, medium oxygen,
1.1.23 Grade 28—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 %
1.1.4 Grade 5—Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 % vana-
vanadium plus 0.08–0.14 % ruthenium),
dium),
1.1.24 Grade 29—Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 %
1.1.5 Grade 7—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12 % to 0.25 %
vanadium, extra low interstitial, ELI plus 0.08–0.14 % ruthe-
palladium, standard oxygen,
nium),
1.1.6 Grade 9—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 % va-
1.1.25 Grade 33—Titanium alloy (0.4% nickel, 0.015%
nadium),
palladium, 0.025% ruthenium, 0.15% chromium), and
1.1.7 Grade 11—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12 % to 0.25 %
1.1.26 Grade 34—Titanium alloy (0.4% nickel, 0.015%
palladium, low oxygen,
palladium, 0.025% ruthenium, 0.15% chromium).
1.1.8 Grade 12—Titanium alloy (0.3 % molybdenum,
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
0.8 % nickel),
as standard. The values given in parentheses are for informa-
1.1.9 Grade 13—Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 % ru-
tion only.
thenium), low oxygen,
1.1.10 Grade 14—Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 %
2. Referenced Documents
ruthenium), standard oxygen,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1.11 Grade 15—Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 %
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
ruthenium), medium oxygen,
of Steel Products
1.1.12 Grade 16—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 % to
E 8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
0.08 % palladium, standard oxygen,
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
1.1.13 Grade 17—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 % to
Determine Conformance with Specifications
0.08 % palladium, low oxygen,
E 120 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Titanium and
1.1.14 Grade 18—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 %
Titanium Alloys
vanadium plus 0.04 % to 0.08 % palladium),
E 1409 Test Method for Determination of Oxygen in Tita-
1.1.15 Grade 19—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 8 %
nium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas Fusion Tech-
vanadium, 6 % chromium, 4 % zirconium, 4 % molybdenum),
nique
1.1.16 Grade 20—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 8 %
E 1447 Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen in
vanadium, 6 % chromium, 4 % zirconium, 4 % molybdenum)
Titanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas Fusion
plus 0.04 % to 0.08 % palladium,
Thermal Conductivity Method
1.1.17 Grade 21—Titanium alloy (15 % molybdenum, 3 %
2.2 ANSI/ASME Standard:
aluminum, 2.7 % niobium, 0.25 % silicon),
B 36.19M-1985 Stainless Steel Pipe
1.1.18 Grade 23—Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 %
vanadium, extra low interstitial, ELI),
1.1.19 Grade 24—Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 %
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
1 4
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 on Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloysand is the direct responsibility of Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05.
Subcommittee B10.01 on Titanium. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.06.
Current edition approved May 10, 2000. Published July 2000. Originally Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13th
published as B 861 – 95. Last previous edition B 861 – 99. Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
B 861
3. Terminology 1 by and only by way of unregulated or unanalyzed scrap
additions to the ingot melt. Therefore, product analysis for
3.1 Definitions:
elements not listed in Table 1 shall not be required unless
3.1.1 lot, n—a number of pieces of pipe of the same
specified and shall be considered to be in excess of the intent
nominal size and wall thickness manufactured by the same
of this specification.
process from a single heat of titanium or titanium alloy and
6.1.2 Elements intentionally added to the melt must be
heat treated by the same furnace parameters in the same
identified, analyzed and reported in the chemical analysis.
furnace.
6.2 When agreed upon by the producer and purchaser and
3.1.2 seamless pipe, n—a hollow tubular product produced
requested by the purchaser in his written purchase order,
with a continuous periphery in all stages of manufacture.
chemical analysis shall be completed for specific residual
4. Ordering Information
elements not listed in this specification.
6.3 At least two samples for chemical analysis shall be
4.1 Orders for materials under this specification shall in-
tested to determine chemical composition. Samples shall be
clude the following information as required:
taken from the ingot or the opposite extremes of the product to
4.1.1 Quantity,
be analyzed.
4.1.2 Grade number (Section 1 and Table 1),
4.1.3 Nominal pipe size and schedule (Table 2),
7. Product Analysis
4.1.4 Diameter tolerance (Table 3),
7.1 When requested by the purchaser and stated in the
4.1.5 Length tolerance (see 9.3),
purchase order, an analysis of chemical composition shall be
4.1.6 Method of manufacture and finish (Sections 5 and 10),
made on the finished product.
4.1.7 Product analysis, if required (Sections 6 and 7; Table
7.2 The product analysis tolerances, listed in Table 4 do not
1 and Table 4),
broaden the specified analysis requirements, but cover varia-
4.1.8 Mechanical properties, (Sections 8, 14, 15, and 16 and
tions between different laboratories in the measurement of
Table 5),
chemical content. The manufacturer shall not ship finished
4.1.9 Packaging (Section 23),
product outside of the limits specified in Table 1 for the
4.1.10 Inspection and test reports (Sections 19, 20 and 21),
applicable grade.
and
4.1.11 Product marking (Section 22).
8. Tensile Requirements
5. Manufacture
8.1 The tensile properties of the pipe, in the condition
specified, shall conform to the room temperature requirements
5.1 Seamless pipe may be manufactured by any method that
of Table 5. Mechanical properties for other conditions may be
will yield a product meeting the requirements of this specifi-
established by written agreement between the manufacturer
cation.
and the purchaser.
5.2 Unless specified, cold worked pipe shall be heat treated
at a temperature of not less than 1000°F (538°C). Hot worked
9. Permissible Variations in Dimensions
pipe finishing above 1400°F (760°C) need not be further heat
9.1 A system of standard pipe sizes approved by ANSI as
treated. The minimum heat treat conditions for Grade 9, 18,
American National Standard for Stainless Steel Pipe (ANSI/
and 28 pipe delivered in the stress relieved condition shall be
ASME B36.19M-1985) reproduced as Table 2 shall apply.
600°F (316°C) for at least 30 min.
9.2 Diameter—Variations in outside diameter shall not ex-
5.2.1 Grade 5, Grade 9, Grade 18, Grade 19, Grade 20,
ceed those prescribed in Table 3.
Grade 21, Grade 23, Grade 24, Grade 25, Grade 28, and Grade
9.3 Thickness—The variation in thickness at any point shall
29 alloys may be supplied in the following conditions:
not be more than 612.5 % of the nominal wall thickness
5.2.1.1 Grade 5, Grade 23, Grade 24, Grade 25, or Grade
specified.
29—annealed or aged condition,
9.4 Length—Pipe shall be furnished in lengths as specified
5.2.1.2 Grade 9, Grade 18, or Grade 28—cold-worked and
in the purchase order. No pipe shall be under the specified
stress-relieved or annealed,
length and not more than ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) over that specified.
5.2.1.3 Grade 9, Grade 18, Grade 23, Grade 28, or Grade
9.5 Straightness— The pipe shall be free of kinks and bends
29—transformed-beta condition, and
and the maximum bow of lengths up to 10 ft (3 m) shall not
5.2.1.4 Grade 19, Grade 20, or Grade 21—solution-treated
exceed 1:500. For lengths greater than 10 ft, the maximum bow
or solution-treated and aged.
shall not exceed 1:400.
6. Chemical Requirements
10. Finish
6.1 The grades of titanium and titanium alloy metal covered
by this specification shall conform to the requirements of the 10.1 The finished pipe shall have smooth ends, be free of
chemical compositions prescribed in Table 1. burrs, and shall be free of injurious external and internal
6.1.1 The elements listed in Table 1 are intentional alloy imperfections of a nature that will interfere with the purpose
additions or elements which are inherent to the manufacture of for which it is intended. Minor defects may be removed
titanium sponge, ingot or mill product. providing the dimensional tolerances of Section 9 are not
6.1.1.1 Elements other than those listed in Table 1 are exceeded. Unless otherwise specified, the pipe shall be fur-
deemed to be capable of occurring in the grades listed in Table nished free of scale.
B 861
A
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition,%
Element
Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 5 Grade 7 Grade 9 Grade 11 Grade 12
Nitrogen, max 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
Carbon, max 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08
B,C
Hydrogen, max 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015
Iron, max 0.20 0.30 0.30 0.40 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.30
Oxygen, max 0.18 0.25 0.35 0.20 0.25 0.15 0.18 0.25
Aluminum . . . 5.5–6.75 . 2.5–3.5 . .
Vanadium . . . 3.5–4.5 . 2.0–3.0 . .
Tin . . . . . . . .
Ruthenium . . . . . . . .
Palladium . . . . 0.12–0.25 . 0.12–0.25 .
Molybdenum . . . . . . . 0.2–0.4
Chromium . . . . . . . .
Nickel . . . . . . . 0.6–0.9
Niobium . . . . . . . .
Zirconium . . . . . . . .
Silicon . . . . . . . .
D,E,F
Residuals, max each 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
D,E,F
Residuals, max total 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
G
Titanium balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance
Composition,%
Element
Grade 13 Grade 14 Grade 15 Grade 16 Grade 17 Grade 18 Grade 19 Grade 20
Nitrogen, max 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
Carbon, max 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.05 0.05
B,C
Hydrogen, max 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.02 0.02
Iron, max 0.20 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.30
Oxygen, max 0.10 0.15 0.25 0.25 0.18 0.15 0.12 0.12
Aluminum . . . . . 2.5–3.5 3.0–4.0 3.0–4.0
Vanadium . . . . . 2.0–3.0 7.5–8.5 7.5–8.5
Tin . . . . . . . .
Ruthenium 0.04–0.06 0.04–0.06 0.04–0.06 . . . . .
Palladium . . . 0.04–0.08 0.04–0.08 0.04–0.08 . 0.04–0.08
Molybdenum . . . . . . 3.5–4.5 3.5–4.5
Chromium . . . . . . 5.5–6.5 5.5–6.5
Nickel 0.4–0.6 0.4–0.6 0.4–0.6 . . . . .
Niobium . . . . . . . .
Zirconium . . . . . . 3.5–4.5 3.5–4.5
Silicon . . . . . . . .
D,E,F
Residuals, max each 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.15 0.15
D,E,F
Residuals, max total 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
G
Titanium balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance
Element
Grade 21 Grade 23 Grade 24 Grade 25 Grade 26 Grade 27 Grade 28 Grade 29 Grade 33 Grade 34
Nitrogen, max 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.05
Carbon, max 0.05 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08
B,C
Hydrogen, max 0.015 0.0125 0.015 0.0125 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015
Iron, max 0.40 0.25 0.40 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.25 0.25 0.30 0.30
Oxygen, max 0.17 0.13 0.20 0.20 0.25 0.18 0.15 0.13 0.25 0.35
Aluminum 2.5–3.5 5.5–6.5 5.5–6.75 5.5–6.75 . . 2.5-3.5 5.5-6.5 . .
Vanadium . 3.5–4.5 3.5–4.5 3.5–4.5 . . 2.0-3.0 3.5 . .
Tin4.5 . . . . . . . .
Ruthenium . . . . 0.08-0.14 0.08-0.14 0.08-0.14 0.08-0.14 0.02-0.04 0.02-0.04
Palladium . . 0.04–0.08 0.04–0.08 . . . . 0.01-0.02 0.01-0.02
Molybdenum 14.0–16.0 . . . . . . . . .
Chromium . . . . . . . . 0.1-0.2 0.1-0.2
Nickel . . . 0.3–0.8 . . . . 0.35-0.55 0.35-0.55
Niobium 2.2–3.2 . . . . . . . . .
Zirconium . . . . . . . . . .
Silicon 0.15–0.25 . . . . . . . . .
D,E,F
Residuals, max 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
each
D,E,F
Residuals, max 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
total
G
Titanium balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance Remainder Remainder
A
Analysis shall be completed for all elements listed in this table for each grade. The analysis results for the elements not quantified in the table need not be reported
unless the concentration level is greater than 0.1 % each or 0.4 % total.
B
Lower hydrogen may be obtained by negotiation with the supplier.
C
Final product analysis.
D
Need not be reported.
E
A residual is an element present in a metal or an alloy in small quantities and is inherent to the manufacturing process but not added intentionally. In titanium these
elements include aluminum, vanadium, tin, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, zirconium, hafnium, bismuth, ruthenium, palladium, yttrium, copper, silicon, cobalt, tantalum,
nickel, boron, manganese, and tungsten.
F
The purchaser may, in his written purchase order, request analysis for specific residual elements not listed in this specification.
G
The percentage of titanium is determined by difference.
B 861
TABLE 2 Dimensions of Pipe
NOTE 1—The following table is a reprint of Table 1 of ANSI B36.19.
NOTE 2—The decimal thicknesses listed for the respective pipe sizes represent their nominal wall dimensions.
Outside Diameter Nominal Wall Thickness
NPS
A A
Schedule 5S Schedule 10S Schedule 40S Schedule 80S
Designator
in. mm
in. mm in. mm in. mm in. mm
⁄8 0.405 10.29 . . 0.049 1.24 0.068 1.73 0.095 2.41
⁄4 0.540 13.72 . . 0.065 1.65 0.088 2.24 0.119 3.02
⁄8 0.675 17.15 . . 0.065 1.65 0.091 2.31 0.126 3.20
⁄2 0.840 21.34 0.065 1.65 0.083 2.11 0.109 2.77 0.147 3.73
⁄4 1.050 26.
...
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