ASTM D5889-97(2008)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Quality Control of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
Standard Practice for Quality Control of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
GCLs must be properly manufactured in a manner consistent with a minimum level of quality control as determined by in-house testing of the final product. This practice suggests the types of tests, the methods of the testing and the minimum testing frequencies.
It should be clearly recognized that manufacturers may perform additional tests or at greater frequency than required in this practice, or both. In this case, the manufacturer's quality control plan will then take precedence over this practice. The quoted tests and test methods in Table 1 must appear in the QC plan and the QC report.
It should also be recognized that purchasers and installers of GCLs may require additional tests or at a great frequency than called for in this practice, or both. The organization(s) producing such project specific specification or quality assurance plan should recognize that such requirements are beyond the current state of the practice. If such a request is made by purchasers or installers, they should clearly communicate the requirements to the manufacturer or supplier during the contract decisions in order that disputes do not arise at a subsequent time.
TABLE 1 Minimum Types of Tests and Their Frequencies for the QC of GCLs Test DesignationTest MethodFrequency of TestingReport Value Clay:AB Free swellD 5890One per truck or railcar but min, every 50 tonnesMinimum average Fluid lossD 5891One per truck or railcar but min, every 50 tonnesMinimum average Geosynthetic Materials:B Geotextiles: Mass per unit areaD 526120 000 m2 (200 000 ft2)Typical and MARV Grab tensile strength (MD and CD)D 463220 000 m2 (200 000 ft2)MARV Geomembrane Mass per unit areaD 526120 000 m2 (100 000 ft2)Typical and MARV ThicknessD 519920 000 m2 (200 000 ft2)MARV Tensile strength at break and yield (MD and CD)D 63820 000 m2 (200 000 ft2)MARV Finished GCL:C Clay mass per unit area (dried)DD 59934000 m2 (40 000 ft2)MARV Clay moisture contentD 46434000 m2 (40 000 ft2)Average value...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the manufacturing quality control of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs), describing types of tests, the proper test methods, and the minimum testing frequencies.
1.2 This practice is intended to aid manufacturers, suppliers, purchasers and users of GCLs in establishing a minimum level of effort for manufacturing quality control.
1.3 This practice does not address manufacturing quality assurance, product acceptance testing, or conformance testing. These are independent activities taken by organizations other than the GCL manufacturer.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D5889–97 (Reapproved 2008)
Standard Practice for
Quality Control of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5889; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D5890 Test Method for Swell Index of Clay Mineral
Component of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
1.1 This practice covers the manufacturing quality control
D5891 Test Method for Fluid Loss of Clay Component of
of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs), describing types of tests,
Geosynthetic Clay Liners
the proper test methods, and the minimum testing frequencies.
D5993 Test Method for Measuring Mass Per Unit of Geo-
1.2 Thispracticeisintendedtoaidmanufacturers,suppliers,
synthetic Clay Liners
purchasers and users of GCLs in establishing a minimum level
2.2 Government Document:
of effort for manufacturing quality control.
EPA/600/R-93/182 Technical Guidance Document Quality
1.3 This practice does not address manufacturing quality
Assurance and Quality Control for Waste Containment
assurance, product acceptance testing, or conformance testing.
Facilities
These are independent activities taken by organizations other
than the GCL manufacturer.
3. Terminology
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.1 Definitions:
standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for
3.1.1 Geosynthetic Definitions:
information only.
3.1.1.1 geomembrane, n—an essentially impermeable geo-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
synthetic composed of one or more synthetic sheets.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.1.2 geotextile, n—a permeable geosynthetic comprised
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
solely of textiles.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.2 Organizational Definitions:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.2.1 installer, n—the party who installs, or facilitates
2. Referenced Documents installation of, any materials purchased from manufacturers or
suppliers.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.2.2 manufacturer, n—the group, corporation, partner-
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
ship, or individual that manufactures a product.
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
3.1.2.3 purchaser, n—the person, company, or organization
D4632 Test Method for Grab Breaking Load and Elonga-
that purchases any materials or work to be performed.
tion of Geotextiles
3.1.2.4 supplier, n—the party who supplies material or
D4643 Test Method for Determination of Water (Moisture)
services.
Content of Soil by Microwave Oven Heating
3.1.3 Quality Definitions:
D5199 Test Method for Measuring the Nominal Thickness
3.1.3.1 quality assurance (QA), n—all those planned or
of Geosynthetics
systematic actions necessary to provide adequate confidence
D5261 Test Method for Measuring Mass per Unit Area of
that a material, product, system, or service will satisfy given
Geotextiles
needs.
D5887 Test Method for Measurement of Index Flux
3.1.3.2 quality control (QC), n—a planned system of activi-
Through Saturated Geosynthetic Clay Liner Specimens
ties whose purpose is to provide a level of quality that meets
Using a Flexible Wall Permeameter
the needs of users; also, the use of such a system.
3.2 For definitions of other terms, see Terminology D4439.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosyn-
thetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.04 on Geosynthetic 4. Significance and Use
Clay Liners.
4.1 GCLs must be properly manufactured in a manner
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2008. Published February 2009. Originally
consistent with a minimum level of quality control as deter-
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D5889 – 97 (2003).
DOI: 10.1520/D5889-97R08.
mined by in-house testing of the final product. This practice
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
the ASTM website. Office, Washington, DC 20402.
Copyright © ASTM
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D5889–95 Designation:D 5889–97 (Reapproved 2008)
Standard Practice for
Quality Control of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5889; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the manufacturing quality control of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs), describing types of tests, the
proper test methods, and the minimum testing frequencies.
1.2 This practice is intended to aid manufacturers, suppliers, purchasers and users of GCLs in establishing a minimum level of
effort for manufacturing quality control.
1.3 This practice does not address manufacturing quality assurance, product acceptance testing, or conformance testing. These
are independent activities taken by organizations other than the GCL manufacturer.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for
information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D638Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
D4354Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics for Testing
D4439Terminology for Geosynthetics
D4632Test Method for Grab Breaking Load and Elongation of Geotextiles
D4759Practice for Determining the Specification Conformance of Geosynthetics
D5199Test Method for Measuring Nominal Thickness of Geotextiles and Geomembranes
D5261Test Method for Measuring Mass per Unit Area of Geotextiles
D5887Test Method for Measurement of Index FluxThrough Saturated Geosynthetic Clay Liner Specimens Using FlexibleWall
Permeameter
D5890Test Method for Swell Index of Clay Mineral Componenet of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
3 2
D5891Test Method for Fluid Loss of Clay Component of Geosynthetic Clay Liners ASTM Standards:
D 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
D 4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
D 4632 Test Method for Grab Breaking Load and Elongation of Geotextiles
D 4643 Test Method for Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of Soil by Microwave Oven Heating
D 5199 Test Method for Measuring the Nominal Thickness of Geosynthetics
D 5261 Test Method for Measuring Mass per Unit Area of Geotextiles
D 5887 Test Method for Measurement of Index Flux Through Saturated Geosynthetic Clay Liner Specimens Using a Flexible
Wall Permeameter
D 5890 Test Method for Swell Index of Clay Mineral Component of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
D 5891 Test Method for Fluid Loss of Clay Component of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
D 5993 Test Method for Measuring Mass Per Unit of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
2.2 Government Document:
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-35 on Geosynthetics and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.04 on Geosynthetic
Clay Liners.
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 1995. Published April 1996.
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D35 on Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.04 on Geosynthetic Clay Liners.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2008. Published February 2009. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D 5889 – 97 (2003).
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol 08.01.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 5889–97 (2008)
EPA/600/R-93/182 Technical Guidance Document Quality Assurance and Quality Control for Waste Containment Facilities
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 Geosynthetic Definitions:
3.1.2geomembrane, Geosynthetic Definitions:
3.1.1.1 geomembrane, n—an essentially impermeable geosynthetic composed of one or more synthetic sheets.
3.1.3geotextile,
3.1.1.2 geotextile, n—a permeable geosynthetic comprised solely of textiles.
3.1.4Organizational Definitions:
3.1.5installer,
3.1.2 Organizational Definitions:
3.1.2.1 installer, n—the party who installs, or facilitates installation of, any materials purchased from manufacturers or
suppliers.
3.1.6manufacturer,
3.1.2.2 manufacturer, n—the group, corporation, partnership, or individual that manufactures a product.
3.1.7purchaser,
3.1.2.3 purchaser, n—the person, company, or organization that purchases any materials or work to be performed.
3.1.8supplier,
3.1.2.4 supplier, n—the party who supplies material or services.
3.1.9Quality Definitions:
3.1.10quality assurance (QA)—a
...
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