ASTM C1468-19
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Transthickness Tensile Strength of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramics at Ambient Temperature
Standard Test Method for Transthickness Tensile Strength of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramics at Ambient Temperature
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method may be used for material development, material comparison, quality assurance, characterization, and design data generation.
4.2 Continuous fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites generally are characterized by glass or fine grain-sized (ZX, τZY) in advanced ceramics, there is significant difficulty in test specimen machining and testing. Improperly prepared notches can produce nonuniform stress distribution in the shear test specimens and can lead to ambiguity of interpretation of strength results. In addition, these shear test specimens also rarely produce a gage section that is in a state of pure shear. Uniaxially forced transthickness tensile strength tests measure the tensile interlaminar strength avoid the complications listed above, and provide information on mechanical behavior and strength for a uniformly stressed material. The ultimate strength value measured is not a direct measure of the matrix strength, but a combination of the strength of the matrix and the level of bonding between the fiber, fiber/matrix interphase, and the matrix.
4.3 CFCCs tested in a transthickness tensile test (TTT) may fail from a single dominant flaw or from a cumulative damage process; therefore, the volume of material subjected to a uniform tensile stress for a single uniaxially forced TTT may be a significant factor in determining the ultimate strength of CFCCs. The probabilistic nature of the strength distributions of the brittle matrices of CFCCs requires a sufficient number of test specimens at each testing condition for statistical analysis and design, with guidelines for test specimen size and sufficient numbers provided in this test method. Studies to determine the exact influence of test specimen volume on strength distributions for CFCCs have not been completed. It should be noted that strengths obtained using other recommended test specimens with different volumes and areas may vary due to these volume differences.
4.4 The results of ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of transthickness tensile strength under monotonic uniaxial tensile loading of continuous fiber-reinforced ceramics (CFCC) at ambient temperature. This test method addresses, but is not restricted to, various suggested test specimen geometries, test fixtures, data collection, and reporting procedures. In general, round or square test specimens are tensile tested in the direction normal to the thickness by bonding appropriate hardware to the samples and performing the test. For a Cartesian coordinate system, the x-axis and the y-axis are in the plane of the test specimen. The transthickness direction is normal to the plane and is labeled the z-axis for this test method. For CFCCs, the plane of the test specimen normally contains the larger of the three dimensions and is parallel to the fiber layers for unidirectional, bidirectional, and woven composites. Note that transthickness tensile strength as used in this test method refers to the tensile strength obtained under monotonic uniaxial tensile loading, where “monotonic” refers to a continuous nonstop test rate with no reversals from test initiation to final fracture.
1.2 This test method is intended primarily for use with all advanced ceramic matrix composites with continuous fiber reinforcement: unidirectional (1D), bidirectional (2D), woven, and tridirectional (3D). In addition, this test method also may be used with glass (amorphous) matrix composites with 1D, 2D, and 3D continuous fiber reinforcement. This test method does not address directly discontinuous fiber-reinforced, whisker-reinforced, or particulate-reinforced ceramics, although the test methods detailed here may be equally applicable to these composites. It should be noted that 3D architectures with a high volume fraction of fibers in the “z” direction may be difficult to test successfully.
1.3 Values are in accordance with the International System of Un...
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Designation: C1468 − 19
Standard Test Method for
Transthickness Tensile Strength of Continuous Fiber-
1
Reinforced Advanced Ceramics at Ambient Temperature
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1468; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This test method covers the determination of transthick-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
T
ness tensile strength S under monotonic uniaxial tensile
~ !
U
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
loading of continuous fiber-reinforced ceramics (CFCC) at
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ambient temperature. This test method addresses, but is not
Additionalrecommendationsareprovidedin6.7andSection7.
restricted to, various suggested test specimen geometries, test
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
fixtures, data collection, and reporting procedures. In general,
round or square test specimens are tensile tested in the dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
direction normal to the thickness by bonding appropriate
hardware to the samples and performing the test. For a Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Cartesiancoordinatesystem,the x-axisandthe y-axisareinthe mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
plane of the test specimen. The transthickness direction is Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
normal to the plane and is labeled the z-axis for this test
method. For CFCCs, the plane of the test specimen normally
2. Referenced Documents
containsthelargerofthethreedimensionsandisparalleltothe
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
fiber layers for unidirectional, bidirectional, and woven com-
C1145 Terminology of Advanced Ceramics
posites. Note that transthickness tensile strength as used in this
C1239 Practice for Reporting Uniaxial Strength Data and
test method refers to the tensile strength obtained under
Estimating Weibull Distribution Parameters forAdvanced
monotonic uniaxial tensile loading, where “monotonic” refers
Ceramics
to a continuous nonstop test rate with no reversals from test
C1275 Test Method for Monotonic Tensile Behavior of
initiation to final fracture.
Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramics with
1.2 This test method is intended primarily for use with all
Solid Rectangular Cross-Section Test Specimens at Am-
advanced ceramic matrix composites with continuous fiber
bient Temperature
reinforcement: unidirectional (1D), bidirectional (2D), woven,
C1468 Test Method for Transthickness Tensile Strength of
and tridirectional (3D). In addition, this test method also may
Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramics at Am-
be used with glass (amorphous) matrix composites with 1D,
bient Temperature
2D, and 3D continuous fiber reinforcement. This test method
D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
does not address directly discontinuous fiber-reinforced,
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
whisker-reinforced, or particulate-reinforced ceramics, al-
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
though the test methods detailed here may be equally appli-
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
cable to these composites. It should be noted that 3D architec-
ASTM Test Methods
tures with a high volume fraction of fibers in the “z” direction
E337 Test Method for Measuring Humidity with a Psy-
may be difficult to test successfully.
chrometer (the Measurement of Wet- and Dry-Bulb Tem-
1.3 Values are in accordance with the International System
peratures)
of Units (SI) and IEEE/ASTM SI 10.
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C28 on
Advanced Ceramics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C28.07 on
2
Ceramic Matrix Composites. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2019. Published February 2019. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as C1468 – 13. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C1468-19. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Ha
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1468 − 13 C1468 − 19
Standard Test Method for
Transthickness Tensile Strength of Continuous Fiber-
1
Reinforced Advanced Ceramics at Ambient Temperature
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1468; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
T
1.1 This test method covers the determination of transthickness tensile strength S under monotonic uniaxial forcing tensile
~ !
U
loading of continuous fiber-reinforced ceramics (CFCC) at ambient temperature. This test method addresses, but is not restricted
to, various suggested test specimen geometries, test fixtures, data collection, and reporting procedure.procedures. In general, round
or square test specimens are tensile tested in the direction normal to the thickness by bonding appropriate hardware to the samples
and performing the test. For a Cartesian coordinate system, the x-axis and the y-axis are in the plane of the test specimen. The
transthickness direction is normal to the plane and is labeled the z-axis for this test method. For CFCCs, the plane of the test
specimen normally contains the larger of the three dimensions and is parallel to the fiber layers for uni-directional,
bi-directional,unidirectional, bidirectional, and woven composites. Note that transthickness tensile strength as used in this test
method refers to the tensile strength obtained under monotonic uniaxial forcing tensile loading, where monotonic“monotonic”
refers to a continuous nonstop test rate with no reversals from test initiation to final fracture.
1.2 This test method is intended primarily for use with all advanced ceramic matrix composites with continuous fiber
reinforcement: unidirectional (1-D),(1D), bidirectional (2-D),(2D), woven, and tridirectional (3-D).(3D). In addition, this test
method also may be used with glass (amorphous) matrix composites with 1-D, 2-D,1D, 2D, and 3-D3D continuous fiber
reinforcement. This test method does not address directly discontinuous fiber-reinforced, whisker-reinforcedwhisker-reinforced, or
particulate-reinforced ceramics, although the test methods detailed here may be equally applicable to these composites. It should
be noted that 3-D3D architectures with a high volume fraction of fibers in the “z” direction may be difficult to test successfully.
1.3 Values are in accordance with the International System of Units (SI) and IEEE/ASTM SI 10.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Additional recommendations are provided in 6.7 and Section 7.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C1145 Terminology of Advanced Ceramics
C1239 Practice for Reporting Uniaxial Strength Data and Estimating Weibull Distribution Parameters for Advanced Ceramics
C1275 Test Method for Monotonic Tensile Behavior of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramics with Solid
Rectangular Cross-Section Test Specimens at Ambient Temperature
C1468 Test Method for Transthickness Tensile Strength of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramics at Ambient
Temperature
D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C28 on Advanced Ceramics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C28.07 on Ceramic Matrix
Composites.
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2013Feb. 15, 2019. Published April 2013February 2019. Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 20062013 as
C1468 – 06.C1468 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/C1468-13.10.1520/C1468-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volum
...
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