ASTM D7715-12(2016)e1

Standard Specification for Fully-Formulated Glycerin Base Engine Coolant for Heavy-Duty Engines

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for fully-formulated glycerin base coolants for cooling systems of heavy-duty engines. It also notes that the requirements of the coolant concentrate or prediluted coolant include protection in operating engines against cavitation corrosion and scaling of internal engine hot surfaces.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for fully-formulated glycerin base coolants for cooling systems of heavy-duty engines. When concentrates are used at 40 to 60 % glycerin concentration by volume in water of suitable quality (see Appendix X1), or when prediluted glycerin base engine coolants (50 volume % min) are used without further dilution, they will function effectively during both winter and summer to provide protection against corrosion, cavitation, freezing, and boiling.  
1.2 This specification is intended to cover the requirements for engine coolants prepared from virgin glycerin.
Note 1: This specification is based on the knowledge of the performance of engine coolants prepared from new or virgin ingredients that comply with Specification D7714.  
1.3 The coolants governed by this specification are categorized as follows:    
Coolant Type  
Description    
V-FF  
Glycerin base concentrate    
VI-FF  
Glycerin predilute (50 vol %)  
1.4 Coolant concentrates meeting this specification do not require addition of supplemental coolant additive (SCA) until the first maintenance interval when a maintenance dose of SCA is required to continue protection in certain heavy duty engine cooling systems, particularly those of the wet cylinder liner-in-block design. The SCA additions are defined by and are the primary responsibility of the engine manufacturer or vehicle manufacturer. If they provide no instructions, follow the SCA supplier's instructions.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2016
• ICS: 71.100.45 - Refrigerants and antifreezes
• Technical Committee: D15 - Engine Coolants and Related Fluids
• Drafting Committee: D15.07 - Specifications

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation:D7715 −12 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Specification for
Fully-Formulated Glycerin Base Engine Coolant for Heavy-
Duty Engines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7715; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Caution statement in X3.1.4 was changed to a Warning and editorial changes were made throughout in
May 2016.
1. Scope 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for fully-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
formulated glycerin base coolants for cooling systems of
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
heavy-duty engines. When concentrates are used at 40 to 60 %
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
glycerin concentration by volume in water of suitable quality
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
(see Appendix X1), or when prediluted glycerin base engine
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
coolants (50 volume % min) are used without further dilution,
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
theywillfunctioneffectivelyduringbothwinterandsummerto
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
provide protection against corrosion, cavitation, freezing, and
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
boiling.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.2 This specification is intended to cover the requirements
for engine coolants prepared from virgin glycerin. 2. Referenced Documents
NOTE 1—This specification is based on the knowledge of the perfor- 2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
mance of engine coolants prepared from new or virgin ingredients that
D1126 Test Method for Hardness in Water
comply with Specification D7714.
D1293 Test Methods for pH of Water
1.3 The coolants governed by this specification are catego-
D3306 Specification for Glycol Base Engine Coolant for
rized as follows:
Automobile and Light-Duty Service
Coolant Type Description
D3321 Test Method for Use of the Refractometer for Field
V-FF Glycerin base concentrate
Test Determination of the Freezing Point of Aqueous
VI-FF Glycerin predilute (50 vol %)
Engine Coolants
1.4 Coolant concentrates meeting this specification do not
D4327 Test Method for Anions in Water by Suppressed Ion
require addition of supplemental coolant additive (SCA) until
Chromatography
thefirstmaintenanceintervalwhenamaintenancedoseofSCA
D4725 Terminology for Engine Coolants and Related Fluids
is required to continue protection in certain heavy duty engine
D5828 Test Method for Compatibility of Supplemental
cooling systems, particularly those of the wet cylinder liner-
Coolant Additives (SCAs) and Engine Coolant Concen-
in-block design. The SCAadditions are defined by and are the
trates
primary responsibility of the engine manufacturer or vehicle
D6130 Test Method for Determination of Silicon and Other
manufacturer. If they provide no instructions, follow the SCA
Elements in Engine Coolant by Inductively Coupled
supplier’s instructions.
Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D7583 Test Method for John Deere Coolant Cavitation Test
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
D7714 Specification for Glycerin Base Engine Coolant for
only.
Automobile and Light-Duty Service
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D15 on Engine
Coolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D15.07 on Specifications. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved April 1, 2016. Published May 2016. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D7715 – 12. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D7715-12R16E01. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
D7715−12 (2016)
2.2 Other Standards: SCA in accordance with the engine manufacturer’s
Federal Method 2540B Total Dissolved Solids Dried at recommendations, and those on the product label, shall be
103-105°C suitable for use in a properly maintained cooling system in
normalserviceforaminimumoftwoyears(seeAppendixX1).
3. Terminology
5. Additional Requirements
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 glycerin base engine coolant, n—engine coolant in
5.1 The coolant concentrate or prediluted coolant addition-
which the freeze point depressant is 1,2,3 propane triol, with
ally shall provide protection in operating engines against
inhibitors to minimize foaming and corrosion.
cavitation corrosion (also termed liner pitting) and against
scaling of internal engine hot surfaces. Hot surfaces typically
3.1.2 supplemental coolant additive (SCA), n—additive
arewithintheenginehead,headspacer,uppercylinderliner,or
used in conventionally inhibited heavy duty engine coolants
liquid cooled exhaust manifold (Test Method D7583).
required to maintain protection against general corrosion,
cylinder liner pitting, and scaling in heavy duty engines.
5.2 Lack of compatibility between the coolant and SCA
product’s chemistry may cause the solute to precipitate out of
3.1.3 For other definitions and terms used in this
solution, with potential adverse effects in the vehicle or engine
specification, refer to Terminology D4725.
cooling system. A test procedure for compatibility (Test
4. General Requirements
Method D5828) has been developed and approved. The com-
patibility of SCA and coolant concentrate solutions meeting
4.1 Concentrated and prediluted coolants shall meet all of
this specification shall be determined using (Test Method
the physical, chemical and performance requirements of Speci-
D5828) and the results reported.
fication D7714, Tables 1, 2, and 3.
5.3 Both the concentrated and prediluted coolants shall
4.2 The coolant concentrate mixed with water or the predi-
contain less than 50 µg/g sulfate ion.
luted coolant, when maintained with maintenance doses of
6. Keywords
Standard Method for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, American
6.1 cavitation; fully-formulated heavy-duty engine coolant;
Public Health Association, et al, 801 I Street, NW, Washington, DC 20001,
http://www.apha.org. glycerin; supplemental coolant additive maintenance dose
ANNEX
(Mandatory Information)
A1. REQUIREMENTS FOR FULLY FORMULATED HEAVY DUTY ENGINE COOLANT
A1.1 Laboratory data or in-service experience demonstrat- A1.1.1 In-service qualification tests may consist of single-
ing a positive influence on reducing cavitation corrosion in an or multiple-cylinder engine tests.At the option of the engine or
operating engine is required (see Table A1.1). vehicle manufacturer, such testing may be conducted in “loose
TABLE A1.1 Cavitation Protection Options Meeting the Requirements of Annex A1
Utilize One of Predilute or Acceptance
the Following Concentrate Criteria
In-service test Per agreement Agreement between engine manufacturer and
coolant supplier for test criteria
Laboratory test (Test Method D7583) Per tested formulation 200 pit count measured per Test Method D7583, max
–
Chemical composition nitrite formulation Predilute Nnitrite (as NO ) of 1200 µg/g (ppm), min
–
Nitrite formulation Concentrate Nitrite (as NO ) of 2400 µg/g (ppm), min
–
Combined nitrite and molybdate formulation Predilute Combined concentration of nitrite (as NO ) plus mo-
–2
lybdate as (MoO ) of 780 µg/g (ppm), min (at least
– –2
300 µg/g (ppm) each of NO and MoO must be
2 4
present)
–
Combined nitrite and molybdate formulation Concentrate Combined concentration of nitrite (as NO ) plus mo-
–2
lybdate (as MoO ) of 1560 µg/g (ppm), min (at
– –2
least 600 µg/g (ppm) each of NO and MoO
2 4
must be present)
´1
D7715−12 (2016)
engines”orinenginesfullyintegratedintoanapplication,such A1.1.3.2 A minimum combined concentration of nitrite (as
– –2
as a vehicle, a power boat, or a stationary power source. One NO ) plus molybdate (as MoO in the 50 volume %
2 4
such test has been developed.
predilute coolant of 780 µg/g (ppm). At least 300 µg/g (ppm)
– –2
each of NO and MoO must be present.
2 4
A1.1.2 Coolants that have completed Test Method D7583
with a maximum pit count of 200 are regarded as passing the A1.1.3.3 The above concentrations are doubled for coolant
requirements of Annex A1. concentrates.
A1.1.3 Several chemical compositions have been tested
A1.2 Both concentrated and prediluted coolants under this
extensively by producers and users and satisfactorily minimize
specification shall contain additives to minimize hot surface
cylinder liner cavitation in actual test engines. Coolants meet-
scaling deposits. Certain additives (polyacrylate and other
ing either of the following compositions are regarded as
types) minimize the deposition of calcium and magnesium
passing the requirements of Annex A1:
– compounds on heat rejecting surfaces. No specific chemical
A1.1.3.1 A minimum concentration of nitrite (as NO )of
requirements for hot surface scaling and deposits resistance
1200 µg/g (ppm) in the 50 volume % predilute coolant, or
have been established at this time. A test procedure is under
development by ASTM Committee D15 and will be incorpo-
“A Comparison of Engine Coolant in an Accelerated Heavy-Duty Engine
rated into the specification when approved.
Cavitation Test,” SAE Technical Paper 960883, SAE International, 400 Common-
wealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096, http://www.sae.org.
APPENDIXES
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1. COOLANT MAINTENANCE FOR HEAVY DUTY ENGINES
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D7715 − 12 D7715 − 12 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Specification for
Fully-Formulated Glycerin Base Engine Coolant for Heavy-
Duty Engines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7715; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Caution statement in X3.1.4 was changed to a Warning and editorial changes were made throughout in
May 2016.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for fully-formulated glycerin base coolants for cooling systems of heavy-duty
engines. When concentrates are used at 40 to 60 % glycerin concentration by volume in water of suitable quality (see Appendix
X1), or when prediluted glycerin base engine coolants (50 volume % min) are used without further dilution, they will function
effectively during both winter and summer to provide protection against corrosion, cavitation, freezing, and boiling.
1.2 This specification is intended to cover the requirements for engine coolants prepared from virgin glycerin.
NOTE 1—This specification is based on the knowledge of the performance of engine coolants prepared from new or virgin ingredients that comply with
Specification D7714.
1.3 The coolants governed by this specification are categorized as follows:
Coolant Type Description
V-FF Glycerin base concentrate
VI-FF Glycerin predilute (50 vol %)
1.4 Coolant concentrates meeting this specification do not require addition of supplemental coolant additive (SCA) until the first
maintenance interval when a maintenance dose of SCA is required to continue protection in certain heavy duty engine cooling
systems, particularly those of the wet cylinder liner-in-block design. The SCA additions are defined by and are the primary
responsibility of the engine manufacturer or vehicle manufacturer. If they provide no instructions, follow the SCA supplier’s
instructions.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1126 Test Method for Hardness in Water
D1293 Test Methods for pH of Water
D3306 Specification for Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty Service
D3321 Test Method for Use of the Refractometer for Field Test Determination of the Freezing Point of Aqueous Engine Coolants
D4327 Test Method for Anions in Water by Suppressed Ion Chromatography
D4725 Terminology for Engine Coolants and Related Fluids
D5828 Test Method for Compatibility of Supplemental Coolant Additives (SCAs) and Engine Coolant Concentrates
D6130 Test Method for Determination of Silicon and Other Elements in Engine Coolant by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic
Emission Spectroscopy
D7583 Test Method for John Deere Coolant Cavitation Test
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D15 on Engine Coolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D15.93
on Research and Long Range Planning.
Current edition approved June 1, 2012April 1, 2016. Published June 2012May 2016. Originally approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 20112012 as D7715
– 11.12. DOI: 10.1520/D7715-12.10.1520/D7715-12R16E01.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
D7715 − 12 (2016)
D7714 Specification for Glycerin Base Engine Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty Service
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
2.2 Other Standards:
Federal Method 2540B Total Dissolved Solids Dried at 103 - 105°C103-105°C
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 glycerin base engine coolant, n—engine coolant in which the freeze point depressant is 1,2,3 propane triol, with inhibitors
to minimize foaming and corrosion.
3.1.2 supplemental coolant additive (SCA), n—additive used in conventionally inhibited heavy duty engine coolants required
to maintain protection against general corrosion, cylinder liner pitting, and scaling in heavy duty engines.
3.1.2 glycerin base engine coolant , n—engine coolant in which the freeze point depressant is 1,2,3 propane triol, with inhibitors
to minimize foaming and corrosion.
3.1.3 For other definitions and terms used in this specification, refer to Terminology D4725.
4. General Requirements
4.1 Concentrated and prediluted coolants shall meet all of the physical, chemical and performance requirements of Specification
D7714, Tables 1, 2, and 3.
4.2 The coolant concentrate mixed with water or the prediluted coolant, when maintained with maintenance doses of SCA in
accordance with the engine manufacturer’s recommendations, and those on the product label, shall be suitable for use in a properly
maintained cooling system in normal service for a minimum of two years (see Appendix X1).
5. Additional Requirements
5.1 The coolant concentrate or prediluted coolant additionally shall provide protection in operating engines against cavitation
corrosion (also termed liner pitting) and against scaling of internal engine hot surfaces. Hot surfaces typically are within the engine
head, head spacer, upper cylinder liner, or liquid cooled exhaust manifold (Test Method D7583).
5.2 Lack of compatibility between the coolant and SCA product’s chemistry may cause the solute to precipitate out of solution,
with potential adverse effects in the vehicle or engine cooling system. A test procedure for compatibility (Test Method D5828) has
been developed and approved. The compatibility of SCA and coolant concentrate solutions meeting this specification shall be
determined using (Test Method D5828) and the results reported.
5.3 Both the concentrated and prediluted coolants shall contain less than 50 μg/g sulfate ion.
6. Keywords
6.1 cavitation; fully-formulated heavy-duty engine coolant; glycerin; supplemental coolant additive maintenance dose
ANNEX
(Mandatory Information)
A1. REQUIREMENTS FOR FULLY FORMULATED HEAVY DUTY ENGINE COOLANT
A1.1 Laboratory data or in-service experience demonstrating a positive influence on reducing cavitation corrosion in an operating
engine is required (see Table A1.1).
Standard Method for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, American Public Health Association, et al, 1015 15th801 I Street, N.W.NW, Washington, DC
20005.20001, http://www.apha.org.
´1
D7715 − 12 (2016)
TABLE A1.1 Cavitation Protection Options Meeting the Requirements of Annex A1
Utilize One of Predilute or Acceptance
the Following Concentrate Criteria
In-service test Per agreement Agreement between engine manufacturer and
coolant supplier for test criteria
Laboratory test (Test Method D7583) Per tested formulation 200 pit count measured per Test Method D7583, max
–
Chemical composition nitrite formulation Predilute Nnitrite (as NO ) of 1200 μg/g (ppm), min
–
Nitrite formulation Concentrate Nitrite (as NO ) of
2400 μg/g (ppm) , min
–
Nitrite formulation Concentrate Nitrite (as NO ) of
2400 μg/g (ppm), min
–
Combined nitrite and molybdate formulation Predilute Combined concentration of nitrite (as NO ) plus mo-
–2
lybdate as (MoO ) of 780 μg/g (ppm), min (at least
– –2
300 μg/g (ppm) each of NO and MoO must be
2 4
present)
–
Combined nitrite and molybdate formulation Concentrate Combined concentration of nitrite (as NO ) plus mo-
–2
lybdate (as MoO ) of 1560 μg/g (ppm), min (at
– –2
least 600 μg/g (ppm) each of NO and MoO
2 4
must be present)
A1.1.1 In-service qualification tests may consist of single- or multiple-cylinder engine tests. At the option of the engine or vehicle
manufacturer, such testing may be conducted in “loose engines” or in engines fully integrated into an application, such as a vehicle,
a power boat, or a stationary power source. One such test has been developed.
A1.1.2 Coolants that have completed Test Method D7583 with a maximum pit count of 200 are regarded as passing the
requirements of Annex A1.
A1.1.3 Several chemical compositions have been tested extensively by producers and users and satisfactorily minimize cylinder
liner cavitation in actual test engines. Coolants meeting either of the following compositions are regarded as passing the
requirements of Annex A1:
–
A1.1.3.1 A minimum concentration of nitrite (as NO ) of 1200 μg/g (ppm) in the 50 volume % predilute coolant, or
– –2
A1.1.3.2 A minimum combined concentration of nitrite (as NO ) plus molybdate (as MoO in the 50 volume % predilute
2 4
– –2
coolant of 780 μg/g (ppm). At least 300 μg/g (ppm) each of NO and MoO must be present.
2 4
A1.1.3.3 The above concentrations are doubled for coolant concentrates.
A1.2 Both concentrated and prediluted coolants under this specification shall contain additives to minimize hot surface scaling
deposits. Certain additives (polyacrylate and other types) minimize the deposition of calcium and magnesium compounds on heat
rejecting surfaces. No specific chemical requirements for hot surface scaling and deposits resistance have been established at this
time. A test procedure is under development by ASTM Committee D15 and will be incorporated into the specification when
approved.
“A Comparison of Engine Coolant in an Accelerated Heavy-Duty Engine Cavitation Test,” SAE Technical Paper 960883, SAE International, 400 Commonwealth
Drive,Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096–0001.15096, http://www.sae.org.
´1
D7715 − 12 (2016)
APPENDIXES
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1. COOLANT MAINTENANCE FOR HEAVY DUTY ENGINES
X1.1 Engine Coolant—Cooling system fill for a heavy duty engine consists of water and fully formula
...