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ASTM D7719-14

(Specification)

Standard Specification for High-Octane Unleaded Fuel

Standard Specification for High-Octane Unleaded Fuel

ABSTRACT
This specification covers formulating specifications for purchases of a high octane unleaded test fuel under contract and is intended solely for use by purchasing agencies for testing purposes. This specification also defines a specific type of high octane unleaded test fuel for use as an aviation spark-ignition fuel. A new high-octane unleaded test fuel has been developed, which maintains the key performance parameters of existing reciprocating aircraft engines.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers formulating specifications for purchases of a high-octane (MON) unleaded fuel under contract and is intended solely for use by purchasing agencies.2  
1.2 This specification defines a specific type of high-octane (MON) unleaded fuel for use as an aviation spark-ignition fuel. It does not include all fuels satisfactory for reciprocating aviation engines. Certain equipment or conditions of use may permit a wider, or require a narrower, range of characteristics than is shown by this specification.  
1.3 This specification, unless otherwise provided, prescribes the required properties of unleaded fuel at the time and place of delivery.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2014
ICS
75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.J0.02 - Aviation Piston Engine Fuels
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D7719-13 - Standard Specification for High-Octane Unleaded Fuel
Effective Date
01-May-2014
Replaced By
ASTM D7719-14a - Standard Specification for High-Octane Unleaded Fuel
Effective Date
01-Jun-2014
Referred By
ASTM D7826-23a - Standard Guide for Evaluation of New Aviation Gasolines and New Aviation Gasoline Additives
Effective Date
01-May-2014
Referred By
ASTM D7960-21 - Standard Specification for Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Test Fuel Containing Non-hydrocarbon Components
Effective Date
01-May-2014

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D7719 −14
StandardSpecification for
1
High-Octane Unleaded Fuel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7719; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D873 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Aviation Fuels
(Potential Residue Method)
1.1 This specification covers formulating specifications for
D1094 Test Method for Water Reaction of Aviation Fuels
purchases of a high-octane (MON) unleaded fuel under con-
2
D1266 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Lamp
tract and is intended solely for use by purchasing agencies.
Method)
1.2 This specification defines a specific type of high-octane
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
(MON) unleaded fuel for use as an aviation spark-ignition fuel.
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
It does not include all fuels satisfactory for reciprocating
ucts by Hydrometer Method
aviation engines. Certain equipment or conditions of use may
D2386 Test Method for Freezing Point of Aviation Fuels
permit a wider, or require a narrower, range of characteristics
D2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by
than is shown by this specification.
Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
1.3 Thisspecification,unlessotherwiseprovided,prescribes
D2624 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity ofAviation
therequiredpropertiesofunleadedfuelatthetimeandplaceof
and Distillate Fuels
delivery.
D2700 Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Ignition Engine Fuel
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
D3237 TestMethodforLeadinGasolinebyAtomicAbsorp-
standard.
tion Spectroscopy
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Petroleum Products
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
D4171 Specification for Fuel System Icing Inhibitors
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
2. Referenced Documents
Petroleum Products
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
Atmospheric Pressure
D4809 Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-
Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Precision
leum Products by Copper Strip Test
Method)
D323 Test Method forVapor Pressure of Petroleum Products
D4814 Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine
(Reid Method)
Fuel
D5006 Test Method for Measurement of Fuel System Icing
Inhibitors (Ether Type) in Aviation Fuels
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
D5059 Test Methods for Lead in Gasoline by X-Ray Spec-
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.J0.02 on J2 Spark and Compression Ignition Aviation Engine
troscopy
Fuels.
D5191 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Prod-
Current edition approved May 1, 2014. Published May 2014. Originally
ucts (Mini Method)
approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D7719 – 13. DOI:
10.1520/D7719-14.
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
2
Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may
Determine Conformance with Specifications
be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1721.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3. Terminology
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 3.1 Definitions:
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7719−14
3.1.1 aviation gasoline fuel, n—fuel possessing specific 6.2.1 Dyes—The total maximum concentration of dye in the
properties suitable for operating aircraft powered by recipro- fuel is 6.0 mg/L.
cating spark-ignition engines.
6.2.1.1 The only blue dye present in the finished fuel shall
be essentially 1,4-dialkylaminoanthraquinone.
3.1.2 binary, adj—characteriz
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7719 − 13 D7719 − 14
Standard Specification for
1
High-Octane Unleaded Fuel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7719; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers formulating specifications for purchases of a high-octane (MON) unleaded fuel under contract and
2
is intended solely for use by purchasing agencies.
1.2 This specification defines a specific type of high-octane (MON) unleaded fuel for use as an aviation spark-ignition fuel. It
does not include all fuels satisfactory for reciprocating aviation engines. Certain equipment or conditions of use may permit a
wider, or require a narrower, range of characteristics than is shown by this specification.
1.3 This specification, unless otherwise provided, prescribes the required properties of unleaded fuel at the time and place of
delivery.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test
D323 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)
D873 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Aviation Fuels (Potential Residue Method)
D1094 Test Method for Water Reaction of Aviation Fuels
D1266 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Lamp Method)
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
Hydrometer Method
D2386 Test Method for Freezing Point of Aviation Fuels
D2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
D2624 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity of Aviation and Distillate Fuels
D2700 Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D3237 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4171 Specification for Fuel System Icing Inhibitors
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
D4809 Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Precision Method)
D4814 Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D5006 Test Method for Measurement of Fuel System Icing Inhibitors (Ether Type) in Aviation Fuels
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.J0D02.J0.02 on Aviation J2 Spark and Compression Ignition Aviation Engine Fuels.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2013May 1, 2014. Published January 2014May 2014. Originally approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 20122013 as
D7719 – 12.D7719 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/D7719-13.10.1520/D7719-14.
2
Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1721.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7719 − 14
D5059 Test Methods for Lead in Gasoline by X-Ray Spectroscopy
4
D5190 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Automatic Method) (Withdrawn 2012)
D5191 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Mini Method)
E29 Practice for
...

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1.4 Table of Contents:    
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Summary of Test Method  
4  
Significance and Use  
5  
Apparatus  
6  
Engine Fluids and Cleaning Solvents  
7  
Preparation of Apparatus  
8  
Engine/Stand Calibration and Non-Reference Oil Tests  
9  
Test Procedure  
10  
Calculations, Ratings, and Test Validity  
11  
Report  
12  
Precision and Bias  
13  
Annexes  
Safety Precautions  
Annex A1  
Intake Air Aftercooler  
Annex A2  
The Cummins ISB Engine Build Parts Kit  
Annex A3  
Sensor Locations and Special Hardware  
Annex A4  
External Oil System  
Annex A5  
Cummins Service Publications  
Annex A6  
Specified Units and Formats  
Annex A7  
Oil Analyses  
Annex A8  
Alternate Fuel Approval Process  
Annex A9  
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Standard Test Method for Measurement of Lubricity of Aviation Turbine Fuels by the Ball-on-Cylinder Lubricity Evaluator (BOCLE)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Wear due to excessive friction resulting in shortened life of engine components such as fuel pumps and fuel controls has sometimes been ascribed to lack of lubricity in an aviation fuel.  
5.2 The relationship of test results to aviation fuel system component distress due to wear has been demonstrated for some fuel/hardware combinations where boundary lubrication is a factor in the operation of the component.  
5.3 The wear scar generated in the ball-on-cylinder lubricity evaluator (BOCLE) test is sensitive to contamination of the fluids and test materials, the presence of oxygen and water in the atmosphere, and the temperature of the test. Lubricity measurements are also sensitive to trace materials acquired during sampling and storage. Containers specified in Practice D4306 shall be used.  
5.4 The BOCLE test method may not directly reflect operating conditions of engine hardware. For example, some fuels that contain a high content of certain sulfur compounds can give anomalous test results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers assessment of the wear aspects of the boundary lubrication properties of aviation turbine fuels on rubbing steel surfaces.  
1.1.1 This test method incorporates two procedures, one using a semi-automated instrument and the second a fully automated instrument. Either of the two instruments may be used to carry out the test.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D4808-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Hydrogen Content of Light Distillates, Middle Distillates, Gas Oils, and Residua by Low-Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The hydrogen content represents a fundamental quality of a petroleum product that has been correlated with many of the performance characteristics of that product.  
5.2 This test method provides a simple and more precise alternative to existing test methods, specifically combustion techniques (Test Methods D5291) for determining the hydrogen content on a range of petroleum products.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the hydrogen content of petroleum products ranging from atmospheric distillates to vacuum residua using a continuous wave, low-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer. (Test Method D3701 is the preferred method for determining the hydrogen content of aviation turbine fuels using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.)  
1.2 Three test methods are included here that account for the special characteristics of different petroleum products and apply to the following distillation ranges:    
Test Method  
Petroleum Products  
Boiling Range, °C (°F)
(approximate)  
A  
Light Distillates  
15–260 (60–500)  
B  
Middle Distillates  
200–370 (400–700)  
Gas Oils  
370–510 (700–950)  
C  
Residua  
510+ (950+ )  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. The preferred units are mass %.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Sections 7.2 and 7.4.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D8252-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Vanadium and Nickel in Crude and Residual Oil by X-ray Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a rapid and precise elemental measurement with simple sample preparation. Typical analysis times are approximately 4 min to 5 min per sample with a preparation time of approximately 1 min to 3 min per sample.  
5.2 The quality of crude oil is related to the amount of sulfur present. Knowledge of the vanadium and nickel concentration is necessary for processing purposes as well as contractual agreements.  
5.3 The presence of vanadium and nickel presents significant risks for contamination of the cracking catalysts in the refining process.  
5.4 This test method provides a means of determining whether the vanadium and nickel content of crude meets the operational limits of the refinery and whether the metal content will have a deleterious effect on the refining process or when used as a fuel.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of total vanadium and nickel in crude and residual oil in the concentration ranges shown in Table 1 using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry.  
1.2 Sulfur is measured for analytical purposes only for the compensation of X-ray absorption matrix effects affecting the vanadium and nickel X-rays. For measurement of sulfur by standard test method use Test Methods D4294, D2622 or other suitable standard test method for sulfur in crude and residual oils.  
1.3 This test method is limited to the use of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometers employing an X-ray tube for excitation in conjunction with wavelength dispersive detection system or energy dispersive high resolution semiconductor detector with the ability to separate signals of adjacent and near-adjacent elements.  
1.4 This test method uses inter-element correction factors calculated from XRF theory, the fundamental parameters (FP) approach, or best fit regression.  
1.5 Samples containing higher concentrations than shown in Table 1 must be diluted to bring the elemental concentration of the diluted material within the scope of this test method.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6.1 The preferred concentrations units are mg/kg for vanadium and nickel.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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