ASTM A627-03(2019)
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Tool-Resisting Steel Bars, Flats, and Shapes for Detention and Correctional Facilities
Standard Test Methods for Tool-Resisting Steel Bars, Flats, and Shapes for Detention and Correctional Facilities
ABSTRACT
These test methods cover requirements for simulated service tests and testing equipment for determining the performance characteristics of various types and shapes of steels designated for use in detention and correctional facilities as fixed barriers to prevent egress and to control passage. These test methods are designed to identify levels of physical security for openings such as fixed and operable exterior and interior windows, bar gratings, grilles for mechanical ducts, and so forth in walls that enclose or separate secure areas. Drop-weight test, cutting test, deflection test, and hardness test shall be performed to meet the requirements prescribed.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Security barriers used in detention/correctional facilities are a major concern for their administrative officials. These test methods are designed to identify levels of physical security for openings such as fixed and operable exterior and interior windows, bar gratings, grilles for mechanical ducts, and so forth in walls that enclose or separate secure areas.
4.2 These test methods are intended to evaluate the resistance of these barriers to violent attacks using battering devices such as benches, bunks or tables, and so forth to bend or break the steel bars and to surreptitious attacks by cutting/abrading the steel bars over prolonged periods of time using handheld grit-type cutting/abrading media such as tungsten carbide rod saws. External attacks and attacks by corrosive agents and other means not typically available to inmates are not addressed in this standard.
4.3 The primary purpose or result of these test methods is to approximate the levels of abuse to which these physical security barriers will potentially be subjected in the correctional/detention facility. The desired result of its use is to help provide a degree of assurance of protection to the public, facility personnel, and inmates.
4.4 It is recommended that detention/correctional facility administrators provide for adequate training, supervision, regular inspection, and preventive maintenance programs to enable the barriers to function as intended throughout their expected service life.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover requirements for simulated service tests and testing equipment for determining the performance characteristics of various types and shapes of steels designated for use in detention and correctional facilities as fixed barriers to prevent egress and to control passage.
1.2 It is the intent of these test methods to help ensure that opening assemblies such as detention security windows, grilles, bar grating, and other physical barriers incorporating steel bars perform at or above minimum acceptable levels for control of passage to unauthorized or secure areas, for confinement of inmates and to delay or frustrate escape attempts. To meet the intent of these test methods, opening assembles must perform to grade requirements shown in Tables X1.1 and X1.2 in Appendix X1.
1.3 These test methods apply primarily to the steels used as essential components of detention security windows, grilles, bar grating, and so forth, in opening assemblies enclosing or separating secure areas of detention/correctional facilities.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard updates and combines two previous standards, ASTM Specifications A627 – 95 and A629 – 94, establishing new security grades and time durations.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizatio...
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: A627 − 03 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Test Methods for
Tool-Resisting Steel Bars, Flats, and Shapes for Detention
and Correctional Facilities
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A627; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.1 These test methods cover requirements for simulated
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
service tests and testing equipment for determining the perfor-
mance characteristics of various types and shapes of steels
2. Referenced Documents
designated for use in detention and correctional facilities as
2.1 ASTM Standards:
fixed barriers to prevent egress and to control passage.
A629 Specification for Tool-Resisting Steel Flat Bars and
1.2 It is the intent of these test methods to help ensure that
Shapes for Security Applications (Withdrawn 2004)
opening assemblies such as detention security windows,
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylin-
grilles, bar grating, and other physical barriers incorporating
drical Concrete Specimens
steel bars perform at or above minimum acceptable levels for
E4 Practices for Force Calibration and Verification of Test-
control of passage to unauthorized or secure areas, for confine-
ing Machines
ment of inmates and to delay or frustrate escape attempts. To
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-
meet the intent of these test methods, opening assembles must
terials
perform to grade requirements shown in Tables X1.1 and X1.2
E329 Specification for Agencies Engaged in Construction
in Appendix X1.
Inspection, Testing, or Special Inspection
1.3 These test methods apply primarily to the steels used as
3. Terminology
essential components of detention security windows, grilles,
bar grating, and so forth, in opening assemblies enclosing or
3.1 Definitions:
separating secure areas of detention/correctional facilities.
3.1.1 bars, n—round, ribbed, hexagonal, or other shaped
bars that can be readily reduced to a round cross-sectional
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
shape, ⁄8-in. (22.2-mm) or 1-in. (25.4-mm) diameter (see Fig.
as standard. The SI values given in parentheses are for
1 5 1
1). Also flat bars: ⁄4 by 2 in. (6.4 by 50.8 mm); ⁄16 by 2 ⁄4 in.
information only.
3 1
(7.9 by 57.2 mm) or ⁄8 by 2 ⁄2 in. (9.6 by 63.5 mm).
1.5 This standard updates and combines two previous
3.1.2 composite tool-resisting steel bar/flat, n—a bar/flat
standards, ASTM Specifications A627 – 95 and A629 – 94,
that is a composite of a tungsten carbide or other hard material,
establishing new security grades and time durations.
for cutting resistance and of a high strength, low alloy steel,
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
heat treated up to HRC 45 max. hardness for impact and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
deflection resistance.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.3 cutting test, n—a simulated service test in which the
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
rating is based on the number of a specific type of tungsten
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
carbide rod saws required to cut through the bar.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- 3.1.4 effective tool-resisting (ETR) area, n—the cross-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
sectional area of the portion of the bar that is tool resistant.
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F33 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Detention and Correctional Facilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommit- contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
tee F33.02 on Physical Barriers. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved April 1, 2019. Published April 2019. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as A627 – 03 (2011). The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
DOI: 10.1520/A0627-03R19. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A627 − 03 (2019)
FIG. 1 Shaped Bars
3.1.5 equipment manufacturer, n—a manufacturer who fab- 3.1.12 test sequence:
ricates and assembles security products, including tool- 3.1.12.1 round bars, n—conduct drop-weight test and cut-
resisting steel bars, for installation in areas requiring security
ting test on one specimen bar and conduct deflection test on
against ingress and egress. This manufacturer processes the one additional specimen bar.
semi-finished bar and fabricates finished products suitable for
3.1.12.2 flat bar, n—conduct cutting test followed by hard-
use in opening assemblies requiring these specified perfor-
ness tests on the same flat bar.
mance characteristics. This manufacturer is also responsible
for heat treating, fabricating, and assembling all ancillary items
4. Significance and Use
so as not to impair the performance characteristics of the
4.1 Security barriers used in detention/correctional facilities
bar/flat.
are a major concern for their administrative officials. These test
3.1.6 hardness, n—indicated as HRC, refers to hardness
methods are designed to identify levels of physical security for
measured according to Test Methods E18 on the Rockwell C
openings such as fixed and operable exterior and interior
scale.
windows, bar gratings, grilles for mechanical ducts, and so
3.1.7 homogeneous tool-resisting bar/flat, n—a bar/flat that
forth in walls that enclose or separate secure areas.
is nominally of uniform chemistry throughout, usually high
4.2 These test methods are intended to evaluate the resis-
strength, low alloy steel heat treated to HRC 61 min.—HRC 64
tance of these barriers to violent attacks using battering devices
max. hardness to a case depth of 0.150 in. min. for rounds and
such as benches, bunks or tables, and so forth to bend or break
each longitudinal edge hardened to 0.250-in. min. for flats.
the steel bars and to surreptitious attacks by cutting/abrading
3.1.8 lot, n—all bars/flats of the same nominal cross-
the steel bars over prolonged periods of time using handheld
sectional dimensions from the same mill heat and production
grit-type cutting/abrading media such as tungsten carbide rod
lot.
saws. External attacks and attacks by corrosive agents and
3.1.9 performance characteristic, n—the response to any
other means not typically available to inmates are not ad-
one test (drop-weight, cutting, or deflection) shown in Tables
dressed in this standard.
X1.1 and X1.2.
4.3 The primary purpose or result of these test methods is to
3.1.10 test completion, n—conduct one test sequence for
approximate the levels of abuse to which these physical
each lot of bars.
security barriers will potentially be subjected in the
3.1.11 testing laboratory, n—approved third party testing correctional/detention facility. The desired result of its use is to
laboratory, accredited to ISO Standard 17025-99, selected by help provide a degree of assurance of protection to the public,
the equipment manufacturer. facility personnel, and inmates.
A627 − 03 (2019)
4.4 It is recommended that detention/correctional facility the specimen bars represent usual conditions, representative of
administrators provide for adequate training, supervision, regu- all bars to be used from the lot.
lar inspection, and preventive maintenance programs to enable
6.1.2.5 In each test sequence, one specimen bar (prepared
the barriers to function as intended throughout their expected
and selected as described in 6.1.2.1 – 6.1.2.3, inclusive) shall
service life.
be used for both the drop-weight and cutting test. A second
specimen bar, prepared and selected in the same manner and
5. Ordering Information
taken from the same 4-ft length of bar shall be used for the
5.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include deflection test in each test sequence.
the following information:
6.1.2.6 All specimen bars used in all test sequences shall be
5.1.1 Name of material (homogeneous tool-resisting steel or
permanently marked for complete identification and held by
composite tool resisting steel),
the equipment manufacturer for no less than three years after
5.1.2 Dimensions (nominal diameter or cross section),
the tests are completed.
5.1.3 Cross section (double-ribbed, round, hexagon, square,
6.1.3 Procedure:
rectangular, flat, or other shapes),
6.1.3.1 Conduct the test on one specimen bar selected as
5.1.4 ASTM designation,
required in 6.1.2.1 – 6.1.2.4 inclusive; stop after 50 consecutive
5.1.5 Test reports (if required),
blows, or sooner if the bar fails.
5.1.6 Certification (if required), and
6.1.3.2 Drop the tup repeatedly so as to deliver 50 consecu-
5.1.7 Special requirements (if any).
tive blows at the same point on the specimen bar. It shall be
properly weighted and guided so as to produce the required
5.2 It is possible that bars of different nominal diameters/
impact in foot-pounds for each blow.
shapes are specified or shown on drawings. Each bar of the
nominal diameter/cross section shape tested shall meet or 6.1.3.3 Apply each blow at the same point and on the same
exceed the minimum requirements of all tests for the diameter/ side of the specimen bar, perpendicular to the 14-in. (356-mm)
shape shown in Tables X1.1 and X1.2. axis and at the midpoint (60.250 in. (66.4 mm)) between the
supports of the specimen bar.
5.3 The minimum levels of performance per type of steel
6.1.3.4 To prevent an unmeasured secondary impact after
required in Tables X1.1 and X1.2 for each bar are not
each drop from the test height, make provisions in the testing
independent characteristics, but are interrelated to each other
procedure to prevent the weighted tup from rebounding and
and though any one performance characteristic shall be per-
again striking the test specimen.
mitted to exceed the requirements, none of the other charac-
6.1.3.5 The drop-weight machine is of simple design con-
teristics shall be permitted to exhibit a performance lower than
structed from readily available rolled and shaped structural
the minimum performance levels shown.
steel products. Raise the weight by any mechanical or electrical
6. Mechanical Requirements hoisting equipment or, alternatively, by hand. Provide a me-
chanical or electrical mechanism to achieve quick release of
6.1 Drop-Weight Test:
the weight. This testing machine shall conform to the require-
6.1.1 Requirements—The specimen bar shall not crack,
ments of Sections 16 and 18 of Practices E4 as modified by the
visibly fracture, or take a permanent set of more than 0.25 in.
requirements of this specification or the manufacturer of the
(6.4 mm) at the midspan between support points under the
testing machine, provided that modifications of this equipment
impact of 50 consecutive blows of a force as specified in Table
or assembly details provide a functionally acceptable drop-
X1.1 under “Drop-Weight Test.”
weight machine.
6.1.2 Number of Specimens:
6.1.3.6 For ⁄8-in. (22.2-mm) diameter bar, the drop-weight
6.1.2.1 The equipment manufacturer shall randomly select
machine shall drop a weight of 50 lb (22.7 kg) from a height of
three bars/flats no less than 4 ft (1.22 m) in length from the lot
2 ft (611 mm). For 1-in. (25.4-mm) diameter bar, the drop-
for which the test is conducted. These 4-ft lengths shall be
weight machine shall drop a weight of 50 lb (22.7 kg) from a
permanently marked after production or heat treating for easy
height of 3 ft (916 mm).
identification of mill heat number, lot number, and individual
6.1.3.7 The hardened tup that strikes the specimen bar shall
identification of the two specimen bars taken from each of the
be rounded initially to 0.250-in. (6.35-mm) radius and shall be
4-ft lengths.
heat treated to a minimum hardness of HRC 50.
6.1.2.2 Two 14-in. (356-mm) specimen bars shall be cut
6.1.3.8 The entire tup and weight shall fall freely by gravity
with a friction saw from each of the 4-ft lengths after heat
when released and shall be inspected after each five blows to
treating. Each 14-in. specimen bar shall be permanently
determine that the original shape of the tup has not been
marked for easy identification as to production, mill heat
seriously deformed through repeated impact. If the 0.250-in.
number, lot number, and identity of the longer bar from which
radius is flattened to more than 0.312-in. radius, the test shall
it was taken.
be interrupted and the tup shall be restored to the 0.250-in.
6.1.2.3 The testing laboratory shall, as its own choice, select
radius before testing is continued.
two specimen bars taken from the same 4-ft length of bar for
conduct of each test sequence. 6.1.3.9 The fixed anvil-type supports for the 14-in. speci-
6.1.2.4 It shall be the responsibility of the equipment men bar shall be located no less than 2 in. (51 mm) above the
manufacturer to determine, by visual inspection, that no bed of the testing machine and spaced 12 in. (305 mm) apart
unusual defects exist in the specimen bars and to determine that 6 ⁄16 in. (61.59 mm). They shall be so constructed as to hold
A627 − 03 (2019)
the same point of the specimen bar underneath the tup for each where:
drop of the weight by preventing significant rotation or lateral
E = calculated number of rod saws to sever the E.T.R.
movement of the specimen bar during the conduct of the 50
area within the steel bars/shapes,
blows required for a test (see Fig. 2 for a typical example).
A = tool-resisting area that fits within the steel bar/shape
T.R
6.1.3.10 The part of the machine in which the specimen bar
cross-sectional area, in. ,
is placed for drop-weight testing shall be surrounded by a metal a = tool-resistant area of the segment cut in 18 000
T.R.
guard screen for protection, as the breaking into two halves of
cutting cycles, in. , and
60 =
...
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