ASTM D6351-10(2016)

Standard Test Method for Determination of Low Temperature Fluidity and Appearance of Hydraulic Fluids

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The temperature at which a lubricant remains fluid and homogeneous after seven days is an index of its ability to withstand prolonged exposure to cold temperature. With vegetable oils and some synthetic esters, it is necessary to do extended cold storage testing. Quick cool, short-term tests, such as Test Methods D97 and D2500, do not adequately predict the tendency to solidify over longer time spans at cold temperatures.  
4.2 This test method is not intended to indicate cold temperature pumpability performance. A separate assessment of viscometric performance should be made in order to assess cold flow properties, which are important in order to avoid system damage in cold temperature applications. Suitable guidelines for such testing and test temperatures for various viscosity grades can be found in Practice D6080.  
4.3 No specific temperature of measurement is given in this test method because fluids with different viscosity grades have different cold temperature performance expectations. For guidance on temperature selection relative to an intended low temperature viscosity grade or ISO VG, consult Practice D6080. As an example of using Practice D6080, a L22 viscosity grade would be evaluated at the lowest temperature for that grade, namely –22.9 °C. Alternatively, a fluid can be evaluated at the lowest temperature expected for field service.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the fluidity and appearance of hydraulic fluids after storage at low temperature.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.2.1 Exception—In 6.1.1, the material is designated in cSt as this is the common name used for this type of oil.  
1.3 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  For specific warning statements, see 1.3 and Section 6.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Jun-2016
• ICS: 75.120 - Hydraulic fluids
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.N0 - Hydraulic Fluids

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6351 − 10 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Low Temperature Fluidity and Appearance
1
of Hydraulic Fluids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6351; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D6080 Practice for Defining the Viscosity Characteristics of
Hydraulic Fluids
1.1 This test method covers the fluidity and appearance of
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
hydraulic fluids after storage at low temperature.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3. Summary of Test Method
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.1 After preliminary drying to remove trace amounts of
standard.
water, the sample is cooled to a specified temperature. After
1.2.1 Exception—In 6.1.1, the material is designated in cSt
seven consecutive days, the sample is examined for its ability
as this is the common name used for this type of oil.
to flow and observed for homogeneity.
1.3 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many
4. Significance and Use
regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause
central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or
4.1 The temperature at which a lubricant remains fluid and
its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to
homogeneous after seven days is an index of its ability to
materials.Cautionshould be taken when handling mercuryand
withstand prolonged exposure to cold temperature. With veg-
mercury containing products. See the applicable product Ma-
etable oils and some synthetic esters, it is necessary to do
terial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s
extended cold storage testing. Quick cool, short-term tests,
website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for addi-
such as Test Methods D97 and D2500, do not adequately
tional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury
predict the tendency to solidify over longer time spans at cold
and/or mercury containing products into your state or country
temperatures.
may be prohibited by law.
4.2 This test method is not intended to indicate cold
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
temperature pumpability performance. A separate assessment
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
of viscometric performance should be made in order to assess
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
cold flow properties, which are important in order to avoid
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
system damage in cold temperature applications. Suitable
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
guidelines for such testing and test temperatures for various
warning statements, see 1.3 and Section 6.
viscosity grades can be found in Practice D6080.
4.3 No specific temperature of measurement is given in this
2. Referenced Documents
test method because fluids with different viscosity grades have
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
different cold temperature performance expectations. For guid-
D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
ance on temperature selection relative to an intended low
D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
temperature viscosity grade or ISO VG, consult Practice
and Liquid Fuels
D6080. As an example of using Practice D6080, a L22
viscosity grade would be evaluated at the lowest temperature
for that grade, namely –22.9 °C. Alternatively, a fluid can be
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on evaluated at the lowest temperature expected for field service.
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.N0 on Hydraulic Fluids.
5. Apparatus
Current edition approved June 15, 2016. Published July 2016. Originally
5.1 Test Jar, cylindrical, of clear glass, flat bottom, 115 mm
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D6351 – 10. DOI:
10.1520/D6351-10R16.
to 125 mm in height. The inside diameter of the jar can range
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
from 30.0 mm to 32.4 mm, with a wall thickness of 1.6 mm
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
maximum. The jar shall have a line to indicate a sample height
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 54 mm 6 3 mm above the inside bottom.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D6351 −
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6351 − 10 D6351 − 10 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Low Temperature Fluidity and Appearance
1
of Hydraulic Fluids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6351; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the fluidity and appearance of hydraulic fluids after storage at low temperature.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 Exception—In 6.1.1, the material is designated in cSt as this is the common name used for this type of oil.
1.3 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central
nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution
should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS) for details and EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware
that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 1.3 and Section 6.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels
D6080 Practice for Defining the Viscosity Characteristics of Hydraulic Fluids
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 After preliminary drying to remove trace amounts of water, the sample is cooled to a specified temperature. After seven
consecutive days, the sample is examined for its ability to flow and observed for homogeneity.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The temperature at which a lubricant remains fluid and homogeneous after seven days is an index of its ability to withstand
prolonged exposure to cold temperature. With vegetable oils and some synthetic esters, it is necessary to do extended cold storage
testing. Quick cool, short-term tests, such as Test Methods D97 and D2500, do not adequately predict the tendency to solidify over
longer time spans at cold temperatures.
4.2 This test method is not intended to indicate cold temperature pumpability performance. A separate assessment of viscometric
performance should be made in order to assess cold flow properties, which are important in order to avoid system damage in cold
temperature applications. Suitable guidelines for such testing and test temperatures for various viscosity grades can be found in
Practice D6080.
4.3 No specific temperature of measurement is given in this test method because fluids with different viscosity grades have
different cold temperature performance expectations. For guidance on temperature selection relative to an intended low
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.N0 on Hydraulic Fluids.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2010June 15, 2016. Published August 2010July 2016. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20052010 as
D6351–99(2005).D6351 – 10. DOI: 10.1520/D6351-10.10.1520/D6351-10R16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6351 − 10 (2016)
temperature viscosity grade or ISO VG, consult Practice D6080. As an example of using Practice D 6080D6080, a L22 viscosity
grade would be evaluated at the lowest temperature for that grade, namely -22.9°C.–22.9 °C. Alternatively
...