ASTM D2070-23
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Thermal Stability of Hydraulic Oils
Standard Test Method for Thermal Stability of Hydraulic Oils
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Thermal stability characterizes physical and chemical property changes which may adversely affect an oil's lubricating performance. This test method evaluates the thermal stability of a hydraulic oil in the presence of copper and steel at 135 °C. No correlation of the test to field service has been made.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method2 is designed primarily to evaluate the thermal stability of hydrocarbon based hydraulic oils although oxidation may occur during the test.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D2070 − 23
Standard Test Method for
1
Thermal Stability of Hydraulic Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2070; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 3. Terminology
2
1.1 This test method is designed primarily to evaluate the 3.1 Definitions:
thermal stability of hydrocarbon based hydraulic oils although 3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
oxidation may occur during the test. to Terminology D4175.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4. Summary of Test Method
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
4.1 A beaker containing test oil, copper and steel rods is
standard.
placed in an aluminum block in an electric gravity convection
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
oven for 168 h at a test temperature of 135 °C. At the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
completion of the test, the copper and steel rods are rated
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
visually for discoloration and the oil is analyzed for the
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
quantity of sludge.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
5. Significance and Use
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
5.1 Thermal stability characterizes physical and chemical
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
property changes which may adversely affect an oil’s lubricat-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
ing performance. This test method evaluates the thermal
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
stability of a hydraulic oil in the presence of copper and steel
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
at 135 °C. No correlation of the test to field service has been
made.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6. Apparatus
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
6.1 An aluminum block with equally spaced holes is used.
Petroleum Products
An example is described in Fig. A1.1 and Fig. A1.2 of Annex
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
A1.
Fuels, and Lubricants
4
6.2 Electric gravity convection oven capable of maintaining
2.2 Copper Development Association Standard
the aluminum block at a test temperature of 135 °C 6 1 °C.
UNS C11000 Electrolytic Tough Pitch Copper
5
6.2.1 Calibrated thermocouple and temperature indicator
2.3 American Iron and Steel Institute Standard (AISI)
centered in aluminum block.
W-1 Carbon Tool Steel
6.3 250 mL Griffin beakers of borosilicate glass.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
6.4 Copper test specimens are to be UNS C11000, 99.9 %
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
pure electrolytic tough pitch copper, 6.35 mm in diameter by
Subcommittee D02.N0 on Hydraulic Fluids.
6,7
7.6 cm in length (0.25 in. by 3.0 in.).
Current edition approved July 1, 2023. Published August 2023. Originally
ɛ1
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D2070 – 16 . DOI:
6.5 Steel test specimens are to be AISI W-1 1 % carbon
10.1520/D2070-23.
steel, 6.35 mm in diameter 7.6 cm in length (0.25 in. by
2
This procedure was adopted from the Fives Cincinnati Thermal Stability Test
6,7
3.0 in.).
Procedure “A”, Fives Cincinnati Manual 10-SP-89050.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time
the ASTM website. is Metaspec LLC, 790 W. Mayfield Blvd., San Antonio, TX 78211,
4
Available from Copper Development Assoc., Inc., 260 Madison Ave., New metaspec@earthlink.net.
7
York, NY 10016, http://www.copper.org. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to
5
Available from American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI), 25 Massachusetts ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consider-
1
Ave., NW, Suite 800, Washington, DC 20001, http://www.steel.org. ation at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Co
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D2070 − 16 D2070 − 23
Standard Test Method for
1
Thermal Stability of Hydraulic Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2070; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—The formatting of footnotes was corrected editorially in April 2017.
1. Scope*
2
1.1 This test method is designed primarily to evaluate the thermal stability of hydrocarbon based hydraulic oils although
oxidation may occur during the test.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and determine
the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
4
2.2 Copper Development Association Standard
UNS C11000 Electrolytic Tough Pitch Copper
5
2.3 American Iron and Steel Institute Standard (AISI)
W-1 Carbon Tool Steel
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D4175.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.N0 on Hydraulic Fluids.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2016July 1, 2023. Published January 2017August 2023. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 20102016 as
ɛ1
D2070 – 91D2070 – 16 (2010). DOI: 10.1520/D2070-16E01. DOI: 10.1520/D2070-23.
2
This procedure was adopted from the Fives Cincinnati Thermal Stability Test Procedure “A”, Fives Cincinnati Manual 10-SP-89050.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from Copper Development Assoc., Inc., 260 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10016, http://www.copper.org.
5
Available from American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI), 25 Massachusetts Ave., NW, Suite 800, Washington, DC 20001, http://www.steel.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2070 − 23
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A beaker containing test oil, copper and ironsteel rods is placed in an aluminum block in an electric gravity convection oven
for 168 h at a test temperature of 135 °C. At the completion of the test, the copper and steel rods are rated visually for discoloration
and the oil is analyzed for the quantity of sludge.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Thermal stability characterizes physical and chemical property changes which may adversely affect an oil’s lubricating
performance. This test method evaluates the thermal stability of a hydraulic oil in the presence of copper and steel at 135 °C. Rod
colors are the evaluation criteria. Sludge values are reported for informational purposes. No correlation of the test to field service
has been made.
6. Apparatus
6.1 An aluminum block with equally spaced holes is used. An example is described in Fig. A1.1 and Fig. A1.2 of Annex A1.
6.2 Electric gravity convection oven capable of maintaining the aluminum block at a test temperature of 135 °C 6 1 °C.
6.2.1 Calibrated thermocouple and temperature indicator centered in aluminum block.
6.3 250 mL Griffin beakers of borosilicate glass.
6.4 Copper test specimens are to be UNS C11000, 99.9 % pure electrolytic tough pitch copper, 6.35 mm in diameter by 7.6
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D2070 − 23
Standard Test Method for
1
Thermal Stability of Hydraulic Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2070; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 3. Terminology
2
1.1 This test method is designed primarily to evaluate the 3.1 Definitions:
thermal stability of hydrocarbon based hydraulic oils although 3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
oxidation may occur during the test. to Terminology D4175.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4. Summary of Test Method
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
4.1 A beaker containing test oil, copper and steel rods is
standard.
placed in an aluminum block in an electric gravity convection
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
oven for 168 h at a test temperature of 135 °C. At the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
completion of the test, the copper and steel rods are rated
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
visually for discoloration and the oil is analyzed for the
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
quantity of sludge.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
5. Significance and Use
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
5.1 Thermal stability characterizes physical and chemical
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
property changes which may adversely affect an oil’s lubricat-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
ing performance. This test method evaluates the thermal
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
stability of a hydraulic oil in the presence of copper and steel
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
at 135 °C. No correlation of the test to field service has been
made.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6. Apparatus
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
6.1 An aluminum block with equally spaced holes is used.
Petroleum Products
An example is described in Fig. A1.1 and Fig. A1.2 of Annex
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
A1.
Fuels, and Lubricants
4
6.2 Electric gravity convection oven capable of maintaining
2.2 Copper Development Association Standard
the aluminum block at a test temperature of 135 °C 6 1 °C.
UNS C11000 Electrolytic Tough Pitch Copper
5
6.2.1 Calibrated thermocouple and temperature indicator
2.3 American Iron and Steel Institute Standard (AISI)
centered in aluminum block.
W-1 Carbon Tool Steel
6.3 250 mL Griffin beakers of borosilicate glass.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on 6.4 Copper test specimens are to be UNS C11000, 99.9 %
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
pure electrolytic tough pitch copper, 6.35 mm in diameter by
Subcommittee D02.N0 on Hydraulic Fluids.
6,7
7.6 cm in length (0.25 in. by 3.0 in.).
Current edition approved July 1, 2023. Published August 2023. Originally
ɛ1
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D2070 – 16 . DOI:
6.5 Steel test specimens are to be AISI W-1 1 % carbon
10.1520/D2070-23.
steel, 6.35 mm in diameter 7.6 cm in length (0.25 in. by
2
This procedure was adopted from the Fives Cincinnati Thermal Stability Test
6,7
3.0 in.).
Procedure “A”, Fives Cincinnati Manual 10-SP-89050.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time
the ASTM website. is Metaspec LLC, 790 W. Mayfield Blvd., San Antonio, TX 78211,
4
Available from Copper Development Assoc., Inc., 260 Madison Ave., New metaspec@earthlink.net.
7
York, NY 10016, http://www.copper.org. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to
5
Available from American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI), 25 Massachusetts ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consider-
1
Ave., NW, Suite 800, Washington, DC 20001, http://www.steel.org. ation at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 -
...
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