ASTM D8290-20
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) in Aviation Turbine Fuel using Mid-Infrared Laser Spectroscopy
Standard Test Method for Determination of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) in Aviation Turbine Fuel using Mid-Infrared Laser Spectroscopy
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The present and growing international governmental requirements to add FAME (biodiesel, as specified in standards such as Specification D6751 and EN 14214) to diesel fuel has had the side effect of leading to potential FAME contamination of jet turbine fuel in multifuel transport facilities such as cargo tankers and pipelines. FAME has been added as an identified incident material to Table 3 of Specification D1655 in which a permitted level of contamination is specified.
5.2 This test method has been developed for use in the supply chain by nonspecialized personnel to detect all kinds of FAME covering the range of 10 mg/kg to 400 mg/kg.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantification of the fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) content in aviation turbine fuel in the range of 10 mg/kg to 400 mg/kg by measuring infrared (IR) transmission before, during, and after FAME is converted to molecules that absorb in a different spectral region than FAME using a selective chemical reaction facilitated by a suitable catalyst.
Note 1: This test method detects all FAME components with peak IR absorbance at approximately 1749 cm-1 and C8 to C22 carbon chain length. The accuracy of this test method is based on the molecular weight of C16 to C18 FAME species. The presence of other FAME species with different molecular weights could affect the accuracy.
Note 2: Additives such as antistatic agents, antioxidants, and corrosion inhibitors are measured with the FAME by mid IR absorption. However, these additives do not contribute to the differential absorption spectrum used to quantify FAME, as they do not take part in the selective reaction.
1.2 This test method has interim repeatability precision only, see Section 15 for more information.
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in Section 8.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D8290 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) in
Aviation Turbine Fuel using Mid-Infrared Laser
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Spectroscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8290; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
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1.1 This test method covers the quantification of the fatty 2.1 ASTM Standards:
acid methyl esters (FAME) content in aviation turbine fuel in D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
the range of 10 mg⁄kg to 400 mg⁄kg by measuring infrared Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
(IR) transmission before, during, and after FAME is converted ucts by Hydrometer Method
to molecules that absorb in a different spectral region than D1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
FAME using a selective chemical reaction facilitated by a D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
suitable catalyst. Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
NOTE 1—This test method detects all FAME components with peak IR
-1 Petroleum Products
absorbanceatapproximately1749cm andC toC carbonchainlength.
8 22
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
The accuracy of this test method is based on the molecular weight of C
16
to C FAME species. The presence of other FAME species with different
Petroleum Products
18
molecular weights could affect the accuracy.
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
NOTE 2—Additives such as antistatic agents, antioxidants, and corro-
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products,
sion inhibitors are measured with the FAME by mid IR absorption.
Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
However, these additives do not contribute to the differential absorption
D6751 Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100)
spectrum used to quantify FAME, as they do not take part in the selective
reaction.
for Middle Distillate Fuels
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1.2 This test method has interim repeatability precision 2.2 CEN Standard:
EN 14214 Liquid petroleum products – Fatty acid methyl
only, see Section 15 for more information.
esters (FAME) for use in diesel engines and heating
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
applications – Requirements and test methods
as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
3. Terminology
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1 Definitions:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.1 fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), n—a biodiesel com-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
posed of long chain fatty acid methyl esters derived from
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
vegetable or animal fats.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Used as a component in diesel fuel and
Specific warning statements are given in Section 8.
fuel oils, it is a potential source of contamination in aviation
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
turbine fuel because of multi-fuel tankers and pipelines.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1.2 identified incidental materials, n—chemicalsandcom-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
positions that have defined upper content limits in an aviation
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
fuel specification but are not approved additives.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Subcommittee D02.J0.05 on Fuel Cleanliness. the ASTM website.
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Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2020. Published December 2020. DOI: Available from European Committee for Standardization (CEN), Avenue
10.1520/D8290-20. Marnix 17, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium, http://www.cen.eu.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D8290 − 20
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: tosampler (optional), control and interface electronics, test
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3.2.1 column, n—multi-use column throug
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