ASTM F1236-19
(Guide)Standard Guide for Visual Inspection of Electrical Protective Rubber Products
Standard Guide for Visual Inspection of Electrical Protective Rubber Products
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide provides inspection methods and techniques that may be used to examine electrical protective rubber products for irregularities. The methods have applications in manufacturing facilities, testing laboratories, and in the field where the products are used.
4.2 This guide also contains photographs that illustrate the descriptions of terms listed in Section 3 and in Definitions F819.
SCOPE
1.1 The purpose of this guide is to present methods and techniques for the visual inspection of electrical protective rubber products. This guide also includes descriptions and photographs of irregularities found in these products.
Note 1: It is not the purpose of this guide to establish the acceptance level of any irregularity described herein. That shall be established by the standard for each product.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: F1236 − 19
Standard Guide for
1
Visual Inspection of Electrical Protective Rubber Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1236; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 The purpose of this guide is to present methods and 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
techniques for the visual inspection of electrical protective
3.1.1 abrasions and scratches—surface damage that nor-
rubber products. This guide also includes descriptions and
mally occurs when a product makes contact with an abrasive
photographs of irregularities found in these products.
surface (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2).
NOTE 1—It is not the purpose of this guide to establish the acceptance
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Scuff-like damage can also occur from
level of any irregularity described herein. That shall be established by the
a brush contact with a hot object such as a soldering iron. This
standard for each product.
can sometimes look like the graining on leather.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1.2 age cracks—surface cracks that may look like the
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
crazing of glazed ceramics and become progressively worse
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
with time (see Fig. 3).
and are not considered standard.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—It is a slow oxidation process caused by
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
exposure to sunlight (or other environmental conditions) and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
starts in areas of the rubber that are under stress; see 3.1.14 for
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ozone cracks damage.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.3 breakdown— the electrical discharge or arc occurring
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- between the electrodes and through the equipment being tested
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
(see Figs. 4-6).
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1.4 chemical bloom—a white or yellowish discoloration
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
on the surface of a rubber product caused by the migration to
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
the surface of chemical additives used in the manufacturing
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
process of the finished product (see Fig. 7), caused by the
natural aging process.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: 3.1.4.1 Discussion—Not to be confused with 3.1.10 glove
F478 Specification for In-Service Care of Insulating Line
discoloration.
Hose and Covers
3.1.5 color splash—a spot or blotch on the surface of a
F479 Specification for In-Service Care of Insulating Blan-
rubber product that occurred during the manufacturing process
kets
when a contrasting colored particle of unvulcanized rubber
F496 Specification for In-Service Care of Insulating Gloves
became embedded into the finished product (see Fig. 8).
and Sleeves
3.1.6 cuts—smooth incisions in the surface of the rubber
F819 Terminology Relating to Electrical Protective Equip-
that are usually caused by a sharp-edged object that can
ment for Workers
increase in size when they are placed under strain (see Fig. 9).
3.1.7 depressions or indentations—a shallow recess in the
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F18 on Electrical
surface of the rubber that exhibits a thinner rubber thickness at
Protective Equipment for Workers and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
F18.60 on Terminology.
the bottom of the depression than in the surrounding areas (see
Current edition approved May 1, 2019. Published June 2019. Originally
Fig. 10).
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as F1236 – 18. DOI:
10.1520/F1236-19.
3.1.8 embedded foreign matter—a particle of non-rubber
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
material that has been molded into the finished product and
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
may appear as a bump when the rubber is stretched (see Fig.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 11).
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1236 − 19
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1236 − 18 F1236 − 19
Standard Guide for
1
Visual Inspection of Electrical Protective Rubber Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1236; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 The purpose of this guide is to present methods and techniques for the visual inspection of electrical protective rubber
products. This guide also includes descriptions and photographs of irregularities found in these products.
NOTE 1—It is not the purpose of this guide to establish the acceptance level of any irregularity described herein. That shall be established by the
standard for each product.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F478 Specification for In-Service Care of Insulating Line Hose and Covers
F479 Specification for In-Service Care of Insulating Blankets
F496 Specification for In-Service Care of Insulating Gloves and Sleeves
F819 Terminology Relating to Electrical Protective Equipment for Workers
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 abrasions and scratches—surface damage that normally occurs when a product makes contact with an abrasive surface
(see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2).
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
Scuff-like damage can also occur from a brush contact with a hot object such as a soldering iron. This can sometimes look like
the graining on leather.
3.1.2 age cracks—surface cracks that may look like the crazing of glazed ceramics and become progressively worse with time
(see Fig. 3).
3.1.2.1 Discussion—
It is a slow oxidation process caused by exposure to sunlight (or other environmental conditions) and starts in areas of the rubber
that are under stress; see 3.1.14 for ozone cracks damage.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F18 on Electrical Protective Equipment for Workers and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F18.60
on Terminology.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2018May 1, 2019. Published October 2018June 2019. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 20162018 as
F1236 – 16.F1236 – 18. DOI: 10.1520/F1236-18.10.1520/F1236-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1236 − 19
FIG. 1 Abrasion
FIG. 2 Scratches
3.1.3 breakdown— the electrical discharge or arc occurring between the electrodes and through the equipment being tested (see
Fig. 4Figs. 4-6, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6).
3.1.4 chemical bloom—a white or yellowish discoloration on the surface of a rubber product caused by the migration to the
surface of chemical additives used in the manufacturing process of the finished product (see Fig. 7), caused by the natural aging
process.
3.1.4.1 Discussion—
Not to be confused with 3.1.10 glove discoloration.
3.1.5 color splash—a spot or blotch on the surface of a rubber product that occurred during the manufacturing process when
a contrasting colored particle of unvulcanized rubber became embedded into the finished product (see Fig. 8).
3.1.6 cuts—smooth incisions in the surface of the rubber that are usually caused by a sharp-edged object that can increase in
size when they are placed under strain (see Fig.
...
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