ASTM E3183-24
(Guide)Standard Guide for Harvesting Coal Combustion Products Stored in Active and Inactive Storage Areas for Beneficial Use
Standard Guide for Harvesting Coal Combustion Products Stored in Active and Inactive Storage Areas for Beneficial Use
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Purpose—This guide provides a process for reclamation of existing CCPs placed in active and inactive storage areas. The guide includes information on the following activities required for the safe and effective reclamation of CCPs from storage areas: (1) Background Review of CCP Storage Areas; (2) Detailed Characterization of CCP Storage Areas; (3) Harvesting Planning and Scoping of CCP Storage Areas; (4) Harvesting Detailed Design and Approval of CCP Storage Areas; and (5) Harvesting Implementation of CCP Storage Areas. More detailed descriptions of these activities are in Sections 6 through 10.
4.2 Potential Beneficial Uses of CCPs—There are many CCP storage areas that are potentially harvestable and can provide a functional benefit in a wide variety of beneficial uses. The beneficial use of CCPs contained in these storage areas can have significant environmental and economic benefits for the facility, the facility owner and the local economy, and can significantly reduce disposal operations (1-4).4 Beneficial use of CCPs can provide industry with a safe and responsible way to economically manage the CCPs, while promoting conservation and recycling/reuse, meeting sustainability goals, and addressing the shortage of CCPs in some building product market areas (1, 2, 5). CCPs consist of fly ash, bottom ash, boiler slag, fluidized-bed combustion (FBC) ash, economizer ash, and flue gas desulfurization (FGD) material (see Terminology E2201 for definitions of CCPs) (6, 7).
4.2.1 Fly ash is the most abundant CCP in existing storage areas. Its beneficial uses include, but are not limited to: partial replacement for cement in concrete and concrete products – once in concrete, fly ash reacts with Portland cement to create additional reaction products that improve the strength and durability of concrete; raw feed for the production clinker – fly ash can be calcined along with other minerals to produce clinker; blended cements – fly ash can be an important component ...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers a framework to address critical aspects related to the harvesting of CCPs placed in active (operational) and inactive (closed or no longer receiving CCPs) storage areas. These storage areas may be used for wet or dry material, and may be located at active or inactive facilities (that is, coal-fired electric utilities or independent power producers that are currently generating electricity or have ceased to do so, respectively). Also, CCPs may be harvested from active or inactive storage areas located on-site or off-site of the facility.
1.2 This guide does not include information on how to determine what storage areas or facilities, or both, should be selected for potential harvesting of CCPs, as each entity may approach a harvesting program in accordance with their own harvesting pursuits and regulatory requirements. In addition, it does not include information on how an energy company or other interested parties should evaluate inventories to determine the order of their storage areas for potential harvesting, including consideration of risk, performance, and cost. This guide is intended to be used to evaluate the potential harvesting of the storage areas once the storage areas are selected for evaluation.
1.3 This guide is comprised of the following sections: Scope, Section 1; Referenced Documents, Section 2; Terminology, Section 3; Significance and Use, Section 4; Project Planning and Scoping, Section 5: Background Review of CCP Storage Areas, Section 6; Detailed Characterization of CCP Storage Areas, Section 7; Harvesting Planning and Scoping of CCP Storage Areas, Section 8; Harvesting Detailed Design and Approval (as applicable) of CCP Storage Areas, Section 9; and Harvesting Implementation of CCP Storage Areas, Section 10. Not all information within this guide will be necessary for each harvesting project, and the user should determine the applicability of each section.
1.3.1 Section...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E3183 − 24
Standard Guide for
Harvesting Coal Combustion Products Stored in Active and
1
Inactive Storage Areas for Beneficial Use
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3183; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.3.1 Section 1, Scope, includes information related to
contents of this guide, as well as what is not included in this
1.1 This guide covers a framework to address critical
guide.
aspects related to the harvesting of CCPs placed in active
1.3.2 Section 2, Referenced Documents, includes published
(operational) and inactive (closed or no longer receiving CCPs)
documents referenced within this guide.
storage areas. These storage areas may be used for wet or dry
1.3.3 Section 3, Terminology, includes definitions for terms
material, and may be located at active or inactive facilities (that
as they relate to this guide.
is, coal-fired electric utilities or independent power producers
that are currently generating electricity or have ceased to do so,
1.3.4 Section 4, Significance and Use, describes the benefi-
respectively). Also, CCPs may be harvested from active or cial use of CCPs stored within active and inactive storage
inactive storage areas located on-site or off-site of the facility.
areas, including each CCP potential beneficial use; the context
of the guide and its use; the professional judgment that is
1.2 This guide does not include information on how to
appropriate for use of the guide; and the inherent uncertainty
determine what storage areas or facilities, or both, should be
with the processes described within the guide.
selected for potential harvesting of CCPs, as each entity may
1.3.5 Section 5, Project Planning and Scoping, describes the
approach a harvesting program in accordance with their own
steps needed prior to implementing this guide, including:
harvesting pursuits and regulatory requirements. In addition, it
establishing a project team; determining what storage areas
does not include information on how an energy company or
within the facility should be evaluated for potential harvesting
other interested parties should evaluate inventories to deter-
of CCPs; determining the potential materials to be harvested;
mine the order of their storage areas for potential harvesting,
compiling existing land use, environmental compliance,
including consideration of risk, performance, and cost. This
geologic/hydrogeologic, topographic, design and construction
guide is intended to be used to evaluate the potential harvesting
information; estimating potential project costs and project
of the storage areas once the storage areas are selected for
schedule with contingencies (if feasible); and identifying
evaluation.
factors that may impact the ability to harvest the CCPs.
1.3 This guide is comprised of the following sections:
1.3.6 Section 6, Site Background Review of CCP Storage
Scope, Section 1; Referenced Documents, Section 2;
Areas, describes the steps for evaluating the attributes of
Terminology, Section 3; Significance and Use, Section 4;
storage areas at the facility relative to harvestingCCPs.
Project Planning and Scoping, Section 5: Background Review
1.3.7 Section 7, Detailed Characterization of CCP Storage
of CCP Storage Areas, Section 6; Detailed Characterization of
Areas, describes the steps for developing and implementing the
CCP Storage Areas, Section 7; Harvesting Planning and
CCP characterization sampling and analysis plan that will
Scoping of CCP Storage Areas, Section 8; Harvesting Detailed
evaluate the chemical and physical characteristics of the CCPs
Design and Approval (as applicable) of CCP Storage Areas,
within the storage areas, and determining if amendments to the
Section 9; and Harvesting Implementation of CCP Storage
CCPs will be needed for beneficial use.
Areas, Section 10. Not all information within this guide will be
necessary for each harvesting project, and the user should
1.3.8 Section 8, Harvesting Planning and Scoping of CCP
determine the applicability of each section.
Storage Areas, describes the steps necessary to evaluate the
approval status of the storage areas and develop a conceptual
harvesting strategy and approval approach for the project.
Considerations are given for both active and inactive storage
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E50 on Environmental
areas.
Assessment, Risk Management and Corrective Action and is the direct r
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E3183 − 19 E3183 − 24
Standard Guide for
Harvesting Coal Combustion Products Stored in Active and
1
Inactive Storage Areas for Beneficial Use
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3183; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide providescovers a framework to address critical aspects related to the harvesting of CCPs placed in active
(operational) and inactive (closed or no longer receiving CCPs) storage areas. These storage areas may be used for wet or dry
material, and may be located at active or inactive facilities (that is, coal-fired electric utilities or independent power producers that
are currently generating electricity or have ceased to do so, respectively). Also, CCPs may be harvested from active or inactive
storage areas located on-site or off-site of the facility.
1.2 This guide does not include information on how to determine what storage areas or facilities, or both, should be selected for
potential harvesting of CCPs, as each entity may approach a harvesting program in accordance with their own harvesting pursuits
and regulatory requirements. In addition, it does not include information on how an energy company or other interested parties
should evaluate inventories to determine the order of their storage areas for potential harvesting, including consideration of risk,
performance, and cost. This guide is intended to be used to evaluate the potential harvesting of the storage areas once the storage
areas are selected for evaluation.
1.3 This guide is comprised of the following sections: Scope, Section 1; Referenced Documents, Section 2; Terminology, Section
3; Significance and Use, Section 4; Project Planning and Scoping, Section 5: Background Review of CCP Storage Areas, Section
6; Detailed Characterization of CCP Storage Areas, Section 7; Harvesting Planning and Scoping of CCP Storage Areas, Section
8; Harvesting Detailed Design and Approval (as applicable) of CCP Storage Areas, Section 9; and Harvesting Implementation of
CCP Storage Areas, Section 10. Not all information within this guide will be necessary for each harvesting project, and the user
should determine the applicability of each section.
1.3.1 Section 1, Scope, includes information related to contents of this guide, as well as what is not included in this guide.
1.3.2 Section 2, Referenced Documents, includes published documents referenced within this guide.
1.3.3 Section 3, Terminology, includes definitions for terms as they relate to this guide.
1.3.4 Section 4, Significance and Use, describes the beneficial use of CCPs stored within active and inactive storage areas,
including each CCP potential beneficial use; the context of the guide and its use; the professional judgment that is appropriate for
use of the guide; and the inherent uncertainty with the processes described within the guide.
1.3.5 Section 5, Project Planning and Scoping, describes the steps needed prior to implementing this guide, including: establishing
1
This test method guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E50 on Environmental Assessment, Risk Management and Corrective Action and is the direct
responsibility of Subcommittee E50.03 on Beneficial Use.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2019Feb. 1, 2024. Published December 2019April 2024. Originally published in 2018. Last previous edition approved in 20182019 as
E3183E3183 – 19.–18. DOI: 10.1520/E3183–1910.1520/E3183-24
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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E3183 − 24
a project team; determining what storage areas within the facility should be evaluated for potential harvesting of CCPs;
determining the potential materials to be harvested; compiling existing land use, environmental compliance, geologic/
hydrogeologic, topographic, design and construction information; estimating potential project costs and project schedule with
contingencies (if feasible); and identifying factors that may impact the ability to harvest the CCPs.
1.3.6 Section 6, Site Background Review of CCP Storage Areas, describes the steps for evaluating the attributes of storage areas
at the facility relative to harvestingCCPs.
1.3.7 Section 7, Detailed Characteriza
...
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