ASTM E3355-23
(Guide)Standard Guide for Characterization of Coal Combustion Products (CCPs) in Storage Area(s) for Beneficial Use
Standard Guide for Characterization of Coal Combustion Products (CCPs) in Storage Area(s) for Beneficial Use
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Purpose—This guide provides a process for characterization of existing CCPs placed in active and inactive storage area(s) to assist in potential harvesting strategies. In this guide, information on the following activities required for the safe and effective characterization of CCPs from storage area(s) is included: (1) available site characterization information inventory/review, (2) available end use(s) information inventory/review, (3) end use(s) and level of confidence (Tiers I, II, and III) related to the CCP characterization selected and RDM; (4)CCP characterization plan development; and (5) CCP storage area(s) characterization report. More detailed descriptions of these activities are in Sections 6 – 10.
4.2 Potential Beneficial Use(s) of CCPs—There are many CCP storage area(s) that are potentially harvestable and can provide a functional benefit. The beneficial use of CCPs contained in these storage area(s) can have significant environmental and economic benefits for the user and can significantly reduce disposal operations (1-4).9 Beneficial use of CCPs can provide industry with a safe and responsible way to manage the CCPs economically, while promoting conservation and recycling, meeting sustainability goals, and addressing the shortage of CCPs in some building product market areas (1, 2, 5). CCPs consist of fly ash, bottom ash, boiler slag, FBC ash, economizer ash, and FGD material. End use(s) may include cement/concrete, light aggregate, flowable fill, controlled or structural fill, road base/subbase, soil amendment, waste stabilization/solidification, agriculture, grout, mineral filler, snow/ice traction control, blasting grit/abrasives, roofing granules, mining application, gypsum panel, and others (see Terminology E2201 for definitions of CCPs) (Sections 6 and 7).
4.2.1 Fly ash is the most abundant CCP in existing storage area(s). Its beneficial uses include, but are not limited to, partial replacement for cement in concrete and concrete pro...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides a framework to characterize coal combustion products (CCPs) situated in active or inactive storage units for potential harvesting and beneficial use and may be considered a companion standard to Guide E3183.
1.2 A framework is provided in this guide to address critical aspects related to the characterization of CCPs placed in active (operational) and inactive storage of (closed or no longer receiving CCPs) storage area(s). These storage area(s) may be used for wet or dry CCPs.
1.3 This guide does not include information on how to determine what storage area(s) or facilities should be selected for potential characterization of CCPs as each entity may approach a characterization program in accordance with their own intent and regulatory requirements. In addition, it does not include information on how the user should evaluate inventories to determine the order of their storage area(s) for potential characterization including consideration of risk, performance, and cost. This guide for potential harvesting for beneficial use is intended to be used to evaluate the storage area(s) once the storage area(s) are selected for evaluation.
1.4 This guide does not include information on the permitting that may be required to implement CCP characterization activities or may be associated with the processing or end use(s). Therefore, additional approvals not discussed within this guide may be needed.
1.5 This guide is intended to help characterize CCPs that may be harvested while gaining understanding of their homogeneity within a given wet or dry storage area.
1.6 The CCPs that may be characterized include fly ash, bottom ash, and economizer ash; boiler slag; flue gas desulfurization material; fluidized bed combustion products as defined in Terminology E2201; cenospheres; or other materials suitable for beneficial use.
1.7 Laws and approval requirements governing the use of CCPs vary by local...
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E3355 − 23
Standard Guide for
Characterization of Coal Combustion Products (CCPs) in
1
Storage Area(s) for Beneficial Use
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3355; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.7 Laws and approval requirements governing the use of
CCPs vary by locality, state, province, and country and
1.1 This guide provides a framework to characterize coal
generally do not yet include provisions for CCP characteriza-
combustion products (CCPs) situated in active or inactive
tion as described herein. The user of this guide is responsible
storage units for potential harvesting and beneficial use and
for determining and complying with the applicable approval
E3183.
may be considered a companion standard to Guide
requirements, which may extend beyond characterization to
1.2 A framework is provided in this guide to address critical
include approval requirements or guidance on issues such as
aspects related to the characterization of CCPs placed in active
disturbance, storage, transportation, end use, and other con-
(operational) and inactive storage of (closed or no longer
cepts. This guide may complement approval programs in
receiving CCPs) storage area(s). These storage area(s) may be
which guidance on characterization is unavailable or
used for wet or dry CCPs.
insufficient, thereby improving the chance that such storage
1.3 This guide does not include information on how to
area(s) may be repurposed for public or private benefit or both.
determine what storage area(s) or facilities should be selected
It may be important to engage and educate the approval
for potential characterization of CCPs as each entity may
authority early and often throughout the planning, design, and
approach a characterization program in accordance with their
implementation of the characterization activities. The project
own intent and regulatory requirements. In addition, it does not
team may also consider affording an opportunity to solicit input
include information on how the user should evaluate invento-
from other stakeholders.
ries to determine the order of their storage area(s) for potential
1.8 This guide should not be used to characterize (that is,
characterization including consideration of risk, performance,
and cost. This guide for potential harvesting for beneficial use environmentally assess) wet or dry CCP storage area(s) for
is intended to be used to evaluate the storage area(s) once the ownership transfer, although portions of such information
storage area(s) are selected for evaluation. resulting from characterizing CCPs using this guide may
supplement other environmental assessments that are used in
1.4 This guide does not include information on the permit-
such a transfer.
ting that may be required to implement CCP characterization
activities or may be associated with the processing or end
1.9 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-
use(s). Therefore, additional approvals not discussed within
pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The
this guide may be needed.
values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;
1.5 This guide is intended to help characterize CCPs that therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.
Combining values from the two systems may result in noncon-
may be harvested while gaining understanding of their homo-
geneity within a given wet or dry storage area. formance with the standard.
1.6 The CCPs that may be characterized include fly ash, 1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the
bottom ash, and economizer ash; boiler slag; flue gas desulfu-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
rization material; fluidized bed combustion products as defined
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
in Terminology E2201; cenospheres; or other materials suitable
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
for beneficial use.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.11 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E50 on Environmental
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Assessment, Risk Management and Corrective Action and is the direct responsibil-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Re
...
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