ASTM D3240-22
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Undissolved Water In Aviation Turbine Fuels
Standard Test Method for Undissolved Water In Aviation Turbine Fuels
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Undissolved (free) water in aviation fuel can encourage the growth of microorganisms and subsequent corrosion in the tanks of aircraft and can also lead to icing of filters in the fuel system. Control of free water is exercised in ground fueling equipment by use of filter-coalescers and water separators.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of undissolved water in aviation turbine fuels in flowing fuel streams without exposing the fuel sample to the atmosphere or to a sample container. The usual range of test readings covers from 1 ppm to 60 ppm of free water. This test method does not detect water dissolved in the fuel, and thus test results for comparable fuel streams can vary with fuel temperature and the degree of water solubility in the fuel.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: D3240 − 22
Standard Test Method for
1
Undissolved Water In Aviation Turbine Fuels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3240; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* illuminated by ultraviolet (UV) light, the dye previously
contacted by free water will fluoresce a bright yellow with the
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthemeasurementofundissolved
brightness increasing for increasing amounts of free water in
water in aviation turbine fuels in flowing fuel streams without
the fuel. The light-illuminated pad is compared to a known
exposing the fuel sample to the atmosphere or to a sample
standardusingaphotocellcomparator,andthefreewaterinthe
container. The usual range of test readings covers from 1 ppm
fuel sample is read out in parts per million by volume. By
to 60 ppm of free water.This test method does not detect water
varying the fuel sample size, the range of the test method can
dissolved in the fuel, and thus test results for comparable fuel
be increased.
streams can vary with fuel temperature and the degree of water
solubility in the fuel.
4. Significance and Use
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 Undissolved (free) water in aviation fuel can encourage
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the growth of microorganisms and subsequent corrosion in the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
tanks of aircraft and can also lead to icing of filters in the fuel
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
system. Control of free water is exercised in ground fueling
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
equipment by use of filter-coalescers and water separators.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
5. Apparatus
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3,4,5,6
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
5.1 Test Pad Rater (UV Source Device)—A device for
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
comparingthefluorescenceofthetestpadtoaknownstandard,
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
while both are illuminated by the same source of UV light,
shall be used. The amount of UV light striking the standard
2. Terminology
shall be modulated until the total fluorescence of the test pad
2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: and the standard are equal; this shall be determined using a
2.1.1 free water, n—water not dissolved in the fuel.
photocell bridge circuit null indicator. The light modulating
2.1.2 Free Water Independent of Pad Reader (FWIPR), n—a
calculated result which provides free water independent of test
3
pad reader used for measurement. FWIPR equations were
The Aqua-Glo Series II instrument manufactured by Gammon Technical
2
developed from the 2011 ILS data. Products, Inc., P.O. Box 400, Manasquan, NJ 08736-0400 was used in the original
precision test program (RR:D02-1195). The unit is currently available in a Series V
configuration, which is changed only in the power supply. All water content
3. Summary of Test Method
measuring components remain of the same configuration as the Series II instrument.
Manufacturers who wish to offer similar products are referred to Committee D02
3.1 Ameasured sample of fuel is passed through as uranine
Equipment Replacement Guidelines.
dye-treated filter pad. Undissolved (free) water in the fuel will
4
The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time
react with the uranine dye. When the pad is subsequently
is Gammon Technical Products Inc., P.O. Box 400, Manasquan, NJ 08736-0400.
5
The Digital Aqua-Glo (trademarked) instrument is manufactured by Gammon
Technical Products, Inc., P.O. Box 400, Manasquan, NJ 08736-0400.At instrument
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on start-up, the display of software version 5.0 indicates that the electronic settings of
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of the prototype units utilized in the 2011 ILS are in use. Because the electronic
Subcommittee D02.J0.05 on Fuel Cleanliness. settings were not optizimed at the time of the 2011 ILS, these units are only
Current edition approved April 1, 2022. Published May 2022. Originally permitted to display calculated FWIPR results. Gammon Technical Products is
approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D3240 –
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3240 − 15 D3240 − 22 An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
1
Undissolved Water In Aviation Turbine Fuels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3240; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of undissolved water in aviation turbine fuels in flowing fuel streams without
exposing the fuel sample to the atmosphere or to a sample container. The usual range of test readings covers from 11 ppm to
60 ppm of free water. This test method does not detect water dissolved in the fuel, and thus test results for comparable fuel streams
can vary with fuel temperature and the degree of water solubility in the fuel.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Terminology
2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
2.1.1 free water, n—water not dissolved in the fuel.
2.1.2 Free Water Independent of Pad Reader (FWIPR), n—a calculated result which provides free water independent of test pad
2
reader used for measurement. FWIPR equations were developed from the 2011 ILS data.
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 A measured sample of fuel is passed through as uranine dye-treated filter pad. Undissolved (free) water in the fuel will react
with the uranine dye. When the pad is subsequently illuminated by ultraviolet (UV) light, the dye previously contacted by free
water will fluoresce a bright yellow with the brightness increasing for increasing amounts of free water in the fuel. The
light-illuminated pad is compared to a known standard using a photocell comparator, and the free water in the fuel sample is read
out in parts per million by volume. By varying the fuel sample size, the range of the test method can be increased.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Undissolved (free) water in aviation fuel can encourage the growth of microorganisms and subsequent corrosion in the tanks
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.J0.05 on Fuel Cleanliness.
Current edition approved June 15, 2015April 1, 2022. Published August 2015May 2022. Originally approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 20112015 as
D3240 – 11.D3240 – 15. DOI: 10.1520/D3240-15.10.1520/D3240-22.
2
Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1804. Contact ASTM Customer
Service at service@astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D3240 − 22
of aircraft and can also lead to icing of filters in the fuel system. Control of free water is exercised in ground fueling equipment
by use of filter-coalescers and water separators.
5. Apparatus
3,4,5,6
5.1 Test Pad Rater (UV Source Device)—A device for comparing the fluorescence of the test pad to a known standard, while
both are illuminated by the same source of UV light, shall be used. The amount of UV light striking the standard shall be modulated
until the total fluorescence of the test pad and the standard are equal; this shall be determined using a photocell bridge circuit null
indicator. The light modulating device for controlling the UV light striking the standard shall provide a direct reading in parts per
million by volume of free water.
6,7
5.2 Test Pad Rater (LED Source Device)—A device for rating the fluorescence of the test pad directly by illumination by a
na
...
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