ASTM C158-95(2000)

Standard Test Methods for Strength of Glass by Flexure (Determination of Modulus of Rupture)

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the modulus of rupture in bending of glass and glass-ceramics.
1.2 These test methods are applicable to annealed and prestressed glasses and glass-ceramics available in varied forms. Alternative test methods are described; the test method used shall be determined by the purpose of the test and geometric characteristics of specimens representative of the material.
1.2.1 Test Method A is a test for modulus of rupture of flat glass.
1.2.2 Test Method B is a comparative test for modulus of rupture of glass and glass-ceramics.
1.3 The test methods appear in the following order:SectionsTest Method A6 to 9Test Method B10 to 15
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 10 and A1.5, A2.3.3, A2.4.3 and A2.5.3.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-1999
• ICS: 81.040.10 - Raw materials and raw glass
• Technical Committee: C14 - Glass and Glass Products
• Drafting Committee: C14.04 - Physical and Mechanical Properties

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C158-95 - Standard Test Methods for Strength of Glass by Flexure (Determination of Modulus of Rupture)
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2000
• Replaced By: ASTM C158-02 - Standard Test Methods for Strength of Glass by Flexure (Determination of Modulus of Rupture)
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM C1279-13(2019) - Standard Test Method for Non-Destructive Photoelastic Measurement of Edge and Surface Stresses in Annealed, Heat-Strengthened, and Fully Tempered Flat Glass
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2000
• Referred By: ASTM F1538-03(2017) - Standard Specification for Glass and Glass Ceramic Biomaterials for Implantation
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2000
• Referred By: ASTM F561-19 - Standard Practice for Retrieval and Analysis of Medical Devices, and Associated Tissues and Fluids
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2000
• Referred By: ASTM C1684-18(2023) - Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Advanced Ceramics at Ambient Temperature—Cylindrical Rod Strength
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2000

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: C 158 – 95 (Reapproved 2000)
Standard Test Methods for
Strength of Glass by Flexure (Determination of Modulus of
1
Rupture)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 158; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 glass-ceramics—solid materials, predominantly crys-
talline in nature, formed by the controlled crystallization of
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the
glasses.
modulus of rupture in bending of glass and glass-ceramics.
3.1.2 modulus of rupture in bending—the value of maxi-
1.2 These test methods are applicable to annealed and
mum tensile or compressive stress (whichever causes failure)
prestressed glasses and glass-ceramics available in varied
in the extreme fiber of a beam loaded to failure in bending
forms. Alternative test methods are described; the test method
computed from the flexure formula:
used shall be determined by the purpose of the test and
geometric characteristics of specimens representative of the Mc
S 5 (1)
b
material. I
1.2.1 Test Method A is a test for modulus of rupture of flat
where:
glass.
M = maximum bending moment, computed from the
1.2.2 Test Method B is a comparative test for modulus of
maximum load and the original moment arm,
rupture of glass and glass-ceramics.
c = initial distance from the neutral axis to the extreme
1.3 The test methods appear in the following order:
fiber where failure occurs, and
Sections
I = initial moment of inertia of the cross section about the
Test Method A 6to9
neutral axis.
Test Method B 10 to 15
3.1.3 prestressed—material in which a significant and con-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
trolled degree of compressive stress has been deliberately
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
produced in the surfaces.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.4 standard laboratory atmosphere—an atmosphere hav-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ing a temperature of 23 6 2°C and a relative humidity of 40 6
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard
10 %.
statements are given in Section 10 and A1.5, A2.3.3, A2.4.3
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
and A2.5.3.
3.2.1 abraded—describes a test specimen that has at least a
portion of the area of maximum surface tensile stress subjected
2. Referenced Documents
to an operationally defined procedure for mechanical abrasion.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
The severity and uniformity of abrasion should be sufficient to
C 148 Test Methods for Polariscopic Examination of Glass
ensure origin of failure substantially in the region of maximum
2
Containers
stress.
3
E 4 Practices for Load Verification of Testing Machines
3.2.2 annealed glass—describes a specimen that shall not
E 380 Practice for Use of the International System of Units
have a temper or degree of residual stress resulting from prior
4
(SI) (the Modernized Metric System)
thermal treatment in excess of the following limits when
measured polarimetrically (see Annex A1):
3. Terminology
3.2.2.1 Specimens of rectangular section shall not have a
3.1 Definitions:
tensile stress at the midplane of more than 1.38-MPa (200-psi)
nor more than 2.76-MPa (400-psi) compression at the surface.
3.2.2.2 Specimens in rod form may be examined by viewing
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-14 on
through a diameter at least four diameters from an end. The
Glass and Glass Products and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C14.04
apparent central axial tension shall not exceed 0.92 MPa (133
on Physical and Mechanical Properties.
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 1995. Published November 1995. Originally psi). Surface compression, if measured on sections cut from the
e1
published as C 158 – 40 T. Last previous edition C 158 – 84 (1989) .
rods, shall not exceed 2.76 MPa (400 psi) when viewed axially.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.02.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
C 158
4. Significance and Use to be characteristic of a product or material, but are considered
to be determined by the procedures used to prepare the
4.1 For the purpose of this test, glasses and glass-ceramics
spec
...