ASTM C1354-96(2004)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Strength of Individual Stone Anchorages in Dimension Stone
Standard Test Method for Strength of Individual Stone Anchorages in Dimension Stone
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is intended to provide information from which applicable design data can be determined for a given anchor used to support a dimension stone panel. The strength of a limited length of anchor may be related to a longer length of support when the flexibility of the support is properly considered by the designer. Refer to Guide C 1242.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides procedures for determining the ultimate strength of an assembly consisting of stone with mechanical anchor (anchorage). Load is applied, separately, perpendicular to the surface of the panel and parallel to the surface of the panel. This test is intended to represent the interaction of the anchor with the stone panel. However, influence of the backup structure on the strength of the assemblies is not included.
1.2 This method is applicable to stone panels supported by mechanical anchors.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:C1354–96 (Reapproved2004)
Standard Test Method for
Strength of Individual Stone Anchorages in Dimension
Stone
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1354; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope loads from the stone to the building structure, either directly or
through an intermediate structure.
1.1 This test method provides procedures for determining
3.1.2 anchorage, n—assembly consisting of a stone panel
the ultimate strength of an assembly consisting of stone with
with a mechanical anchor.
mechanical anchor (anchorage). Load is applied, separately,
3.1.3 panel, n—cut stone with large face dimensions in
perpendicular to the surface of the panel and parallel to the
relationtoitsthickness,forplacementinabuildingstructureor
surface of the panel. This test is intended to represent the
frame assembly.
interaction of the anchor with the stone panel. However,
influence of the backup structure on the strength of the
4. Summary of Test Method
assemblies is not included.
4.1 Test specimens consisting of a stone panel sample and a
1.2 This method is applicable to stone panels supported by
mechanical anchor are fabricated in the same manner and of
mechanical anchors.
the same materials as their intended construction uses. The
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
mechanical anchor is connected to a test support.Atest load is
standard.
applied perpendicular or parallel to the face of the stone panel.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
The test load is applied gradually using a calibrated test
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
machine; load is increased until the stone or the mechanical
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
anchor fails.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.2 The load at failure and mode of failure of each test
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
specimenisobservedandrecorded.Thetestasdescribedabove
2. Referenced Documents is repeated five times for each combination of stone and anchor
to be tested and for each direction of load to be tested.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C 1242 Guide for Design, Selection, and Installation of
5. Significance and Use
Exterior Dimension Stone Anchors and Anchoring Sys-
5.1 This test method is intended to provide information
tems
from which applicable design data can be determined for a
E 4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
given anchor used to support a dimension stone panel. The
E 575 Practice for Reporting Data from Structural Tests of
strengthofalimitedlengthofanchormayberelatedtoalonger
Building Constructions, Elements, Connections, and As-
length of support when the flexibility of the support is properly
semblies
considered by the designer. Refer to Guide C 1242.
3. Terminology
6. Testing Machine
3.1 Definitions:
6.1 The testing machine shall conform to the requirements
3.1.1 anchor, n—in general, a metal shape inserted into a
of Practices E 4.
slot or hole in the stone panel that provides for the transfer of
6.2 The load from the testing machine shall be applied
through appropriate devices (a lubricated ball-and-socket or a
lubricated universal joint) to apply direct tension to the test
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C18 on
specimen without bending.
Dimension Stone and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C18.01.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2004. Published November 2004. Originally
7. Support Frame and Loading Device
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 1996 as C 1354 – 96.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
7.1 The support frame (excluding the anchor to be tested)
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
shall have sufficient strength to not yield while supporting
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. maximum applied load. In addition, the support frame shall be
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C1354–96 (2004)
FIG. 1A Edge of Panel Supported by Tab Inserted into Kerf in Edge of Panel
FIG. 1B Edge of Panel Supported by Pin Installed into Hole Drilled into Edge of Panel
FIG. 1 Setup for Testing Connection in Edge of Sample—Test Procedure A
sufficiently stiff to limit deflection to less than 1 mm (0.04 in.) sample of anchor. The stone sample may be held down by
at maximum test load and to limit rotation to less than 2°. independent anchors as shown in Fig. 2 or by the device used
7.2 For load perpendicular to the surface of the stone panel: to apply load as shown in Fig. 3.
7.2.1 A rubber pad or a setting gypsum bed shall be used 7.3 For load parallel to the surface of the stone panel:
between the stone and the loading or restraint surface to avoid 7.3.1 Thestonepanelsampleisrestrainedintheplaneofthe
concentration of stress in the surface of the stone sample. panel while a test load is applied parallel to the plane of the
7.2.2 A frame to support a stone sample with anchor in the panel as shown in Fig. 4. The area beneath the anchor shall be
side edge of the stone is shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 1 represents kept unsupported to prevent restraint of spalls that may
outward loading on a single stone panel. At the designer’s artificially increase the strength. The surface between the
option, two stone panels can be tested on a single split anchor. loading plate and the stone panel sample shall be lubricated.
7.2.2.1 The test specimen is supported at one end by the
8. Test Specimens
anchor.Theanchorshallbeattachedtothesupportframeinthe
same way it will be attached to the backup structure in 8.1 Anchorage System—The anchorage system shall be
construction. The sample of stone is supported at the opposite representative of the type to be used in field construction and
end by a 25 mm (1 in.) diameter rod. shallincludetheanchortobeusedandallaccessoriesnormally
7.2.2.2 The load from the testing machine is applied to the required to attach the anchor to the backup structure. If sealant,
stone sample through a 25 mm (1 in.) diameter rod, located as epoxy, or other form of kerf filler is specified to be used in field
close as possible to the anchor that supports the stone but at a construction, the bond between the sealant, epoxy, or other
distance not less than the thickness
...
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