ASTM D4804-14
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining the Flammability Characteristics of Nonrigid Solid Plastics
Standard Test Method for Determining the Flammability Characteristics of Nonrigid Solid Plastics
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The test results represent the afterflame and afterglow times, in seconds, for a material under the conditions of the test.
5.2 The afterflame and afterglow times and other burning phenomena will vary with thickness. Test data shall only be compared with data for material of comparable thickness.
5.3 The effect of material thickness, colors, additives, deterioration, and possible loss of volatile components is measurable.
5.4 The results serve as a reference for comparing the relative performance of materials and can be an aid in material selection.
5.5 In this procedure, the specimens are subjected to one or more specific sets of laboratory test conditions. If different test conditions are substituted or the end-use conditions are changed, it will not always be possible by or from this test method to predict changes in the fire-test-response characteristics measured. Therefore, the results are valid only for the fire-test exposure conditions described in this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This fire-test-response test methods describe small-scale laboratory procedures for determining the comparative burning characteristics of solid plastic materials that, due to specimen thinness and nonrigidity, distort, shrink, and/or are consumed up to holding clamp when tested using Test Method D3801. A flame is applied to the base of specimens held in a vertical position and the extinguishing times are determined upon removal of the test flame.
1.2 The classification system described in Appendix X1 is intended for quality assurance and the preselection of component materials for products.
1.3 This standard measures and describes the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
Note 1: This standard is equivalent to ISO 9773, IEC 60695-11-10, and UL 94 (Section 11).
Note 2: For rate of burning of nonrigid solid plastics in a horizontal position, formerly Test Method B of this test method, see Test Method D635.
1.4 This test method is not intended to cover plastics when used as materials for building construction or finishing.
1.5 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 6.1.1.
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Designation: D4804 − 14
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Flammability Characteristics of Nonrigid
1
Solid Plastics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4804; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This fire-test-response test methods describe small-scale
D635 Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent and
laboratoryproceduresfordeterminingthecomparativeburning
Time of Burning of Plastics in a Horizontal Position
characteristics of solid plastic materials that, due to specimen
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
thinness and nonrigidity, distort, shrink, and/or are consumed
D3801 TestMethodforMeasuringtheComparativeBurning
up to holding clamp when tested using Test Method D3801.A
Characteristics of Solid Plastics in a Vertical Position
flame is applied to the base of specimens held in a vertical
D5025 Specification for Laboratory Burner Used for Small-
position and the extinguishing times are determined upon
Scale Burning Tests on Plastic Materials
removal of the test flame.
D5207 Practice for Confirmation of 20–mm (50–W) and
1.2 The classification system described in Appendix X1 is
125–mm (500–W) Test Flames for Small-Scale Burning
intended for quality assurance and the preselection of compo-
Tests on Plastic Materials
nent materials for products.
E176 Terminology of Fire Standards
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
1.3 This standard measures and describes the response of
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under
controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all
2.2 ISO Standards:
factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the ISO 9773–98 Plastics—Determination of Burning Behav-
materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. iour of Thin Flexible Vertical Specimens in Contact With
3
a Small Flame Ignition Source
NOTE 1—This standard is equivalent to ISO 9773, IEC 60695-11-10,
and UL 94 (Section 11).
3. Terminology
NOTE 2—For rate of burning of nonrigid solid plastics in a horizontal
position, formerly Test Method B of this test method, see Test Method
3.1 Definitions—For terms relating to plastics, the defini-
D635.
tions in this test method are in accordance with Terminology
1.4 This test method is not intended to cover plastics when D883. For definitions of fire-related terms used in this test
used as materials for building construction or finishing.
method, refer to Terminology E176.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.5 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safe-
3.2.1 flame-application time—the time in seconds that the
guards for personnel and property shall be employed in
conducting these tests. flame from the burner is in contact with the specimen.
3.2.2 flaming material—flaming drips or particles from the
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
specimenwhichignitethedry,absorbent100 %surgicalcotton
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
placed 300 mm 6 10 mm below the test specimen.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2.3 afterflame—persistence of flaming of a material, after
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
the ignition source has been removed.
statements, see 6.1.1.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.30 on Thermal Properties. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014. Published January 2015. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D4804 – 09. DOI: Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
10.1520/D4804-14. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4804 − 14
3.2.4 afterflame time—the length of time for which a mate- rear of the chamber is positioned in place of the test specimen,
rial continues to flame, under specified conditions, after the the light level shall
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4804 − 09 D4804 − 14
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Flammability Characteristics of Nonrigid
1
Solid Plastics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4804; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This fire-test-response test methods describe small-scale laboratory procedures for determining the comparative burning
characteristics of solid plastic materials that, due to specimen thinness and nonrigidity, distort or shrink distort, shrink, and/or are
consumed up to holding clamp when tested using Test Method D3801. A flame is applied to the base of specimens held in a vertical
position and the extinguishing times are determined upon removal of the test flame.
1.2 The classification system described in Appendix X1 is intended for quality assurance and the preselection of component
materials for products.
1.3 This standard measures and describes the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled
conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products,
or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
NOTE 1—This standard is equivalent to ISO 9773.9773, IEC 60695-11-10, and UL 94 (Section 11).
NOTE 2—For rate of burning of nonrigid solid plastics in a horizontal position, formerly Test Method B of this test method, see Test Method D635,
section 9.4.
1.4 This test method is not intended to cover plastics when used as materials for building construction or finishing.
1.5 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these
tests.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 6.1.1.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D635 Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent and Time of Burning of Plastics in a Horizontal Position
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D3801 Test Method for Measuring the Comparative Burning Characteristics of Solid Plastics in a Vertical Position
D5025 Specification for Laboratory Burner Used for Small-Scale Burning Tests on Plastic Materials
D5207 Practice for Confirmation of 20–mm (50–W) and 125–mm (500–W) Test Flames for Small-Scale Burning Tests on
Plastic Materials
E176 Terminology of Fire Standards
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
2.2 ISO Standards:
ISO 9773–98 Plastics—Determination of Burning Behaviour of Thin Flexible Vertical Specimens in Contact With a Small
3
Flame Ignition Source
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.30 on Thermal Properties.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2009Dec. 1, 2014. Published September 2009January 2015. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 20032009
as D4804 – 03.D4804 – 09. DOI: 10.1520/D4804-09.10.1520/D4804-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4804 − 14
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions terms relating to plastics, the definitions in this test method are in accordance with Terminology
D883. For definitions of fire-related terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology E176.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 flame-impingement time, flame-application time—n—the time in seconds that the flame from the burner is in contact with
the specimen.
3.2.2 flaming material, material
...
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