ASTM D5534-94(2011)e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Vapor-Phase Rust-Preventing Characteristics of Hydraulic Fluids
Standard Test Method for Vapor-Phase Rust-Preventing Characteristics of Hydraulic Fluids
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Procedures such as Test Methods D665 and D3603 assess the ability of new or unused hydraulic fluid to prevent rusting on wetted steel surfaces but do not address the prevention of rusting in the vapor space above the fluid. This procedure addresses the latter question under one set of test conditions and need not be applicable to some service conditions. Since used fluids have not been cooperatively tested in this procedure, its utility for in-service monitoring has not been established.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the ability of hydraulic fluids to prevent the rusting of steel in the vapor phase over the hydraulic fluid and water.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 WARNINGMercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s websitehttp://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htmfor additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D5534 − 94 (Reapproved 2011)
Standard Test Method for
Vapor-Phase Rust-Preventing Characteristics of Hydraulic
Fluids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5534; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Updated Note 2 and added mercury caveat editorially in August 2011.
1. Scope Vessels and for General Applications
D91 Test Method for Precipitation Number of Lubricating
1.1 This test method covers the ability of hydraulic fluids to
Oils
prevent the rusting of steel in the vapor phase over the
D665 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of
hydraulic fluid and water.
Inhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of Water
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
D3603 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of
only.
Steam Turbine Oil in the Presence of Water (Horizontal
1.3 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many Disk Method)
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause
central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or
2.2 Other Standards:
its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to
IP 60/80 Specification for Petroleum Spirit
materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and
BS 970: 1955–EN3B Specification for wrought steels
mercury containing products. See the applicable product Ma-
3. Summary of Test Method
terial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s
website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for addi-
3.1 This test method is divided into two parts:
tional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury
3.1.1 Part A—Used only for fluids where water is the
and/or mercury containing products into your state or country
continuous phase. Examples of such fluids include water-
may be prohibited by law.
glycol hydraulic fluids and high-water-content hydraulic fluids.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Do not use PartAto evaluate invert emulsion hydraulic fluids.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 3.1.2 Part B—Used for both water-containing fluids and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
completely water-free fluids such as petroleum based hydraulic
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- fluids, except phosphate esters. In Part B a small beaker of
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
water is present to provide water vapor to cause corrosion in
the absence of a vapor-phase inhibitor in the fluid. Part B is the
2. Referenced Documents
appropriate procedure for evaluating invert emulsion hydraulic
fluids.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A108 Specification for Steel Bar, Carbon and Alloy, Cold-
3.2 In both Part A and Part B, a steel specimen is attached
Finished
to the underside of the cover of a beaker containing the fluid
A240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-
undertest.Theapparatusandspecimenareidenticaltothoseof
Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure
Test Method D3603. The fluid is brought to a test temperature
of 60°C (140°F).
3.3 InPartB,thetestspecimenisexposedtothevaporfrom
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
the fluid for 30 min prior to the introduction of water.Abeaker
Subcommittee D02.N0 on Hydraulic Fluids.
of water is then placed in the undercarriage of the cover.
Current edition approved July 1, 2011. Published August 2011. Originally
approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D5534–94(2005).
DOI: 10.1520/D5534-94R11E01.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from IHS, 15 Inverness Way East, Englewood, CO 80112, http://
the ASTM website. www.global.ihs.com.
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D5534 − 94 (2011)
3.4 After 6 h, the apparatus is disassembled and the speci-
men is rated visually for the presence of rust.
3.5 Since the apparatus and test conditions are identical,
Part A can be completed simultaneously with Test Method
D3603 by adding the vapor-phase specimen to that procedure.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Procedures such as Test Methods D665 and D3603
assess the ability of new or unused hydraulic fluid to prevent
rusting on wetted steel surfaces but do not address the
prevention of rusting in the vapor space above the fluid. This
procedure addresses the latter question under one set of test
conditions and need not be applicable to some service condi-
tions. Since used fluids have not been cooperatively tested in
thisprocedure,itsutilityforin-servicemonitoringhasnotbeen
established.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Oil Bath—Thermostatically controlled liquid bath ca-
pable of maintaining a temperature in the oil sample of 60 6
1°C (140 6 2°F). The bath shall have holes to accommodate
the test beakers.
NOTE 1—All dimensions are in millimetres (inches).
NOTE 1—The bath used forTest Method D665 can be used with a slight
FIG. 1 Rusting Test Apparatus
modification, that is, the centers of the beaker holes are moved from 6.4
1 23
mm to 18.3 mm ( ⁄4 to ⁄32 in.) from the axis of the stirrers.
NOTE 2—To indicate the temperature, a thermometric device such as,
resistance temperature detectors (RTDs), thermistors, or liquid-in-glass
thermometers with equivalent or better requirements ofASTM Thermom-
eter 9C or 9F, or IP Thermometer 21C, as prescribed in Specification E1
may be used.
5.2 Beaker—400-mL, Berzelius-type, tall-form heat resis-
tant glass beaker, approximately 127 mm (5 in.) in height
measured from the inside bottom center and approximately 70
mm (2 ⁄4 in.) in inside diameter measured at the middle, and
without pourout (see Fig. 1).
5.3 Beaker Cover (Fig. 2) and Specimen Holder (Fig.
3)—Flat beaker cover of 4.8 mm ( ⁄16 in.) methyl methacrylate
resin or other fluid-resistant material, kept in position by a
suitablegroove.Threeholes,7.9mm( ⁄16in.)indiameter,shall
be provided.Two are located on any diameter of the cover, one
for a stirrer 18.3 mm ( ⁄32 in.) from the cover’s center, and the
other for the vapor-phase test specimen 7.9 mm ( ⁄16 in.) from
NOTE 1—All dimensions are in millimetres (inches).
the center on the opposite side. The third hole, for a
FIG. 2 Beaker Cover
thermometer, is located 27 mm (1 ⁄16 in.) from the center on a
diameter perpendicular to that of the other two holes. The
MethodD3603arealsosuitableforsupportingthewaterbeakerinthistest
undercarriage is a Test Method D3603 specimen holder suit-
method. The undercarriage design is not considered to be critical.
ably attached to the beaker cover, used here to support the
5.4 Stirrer—Constructed entirely from stainless steel in the
water beaker (see 5.7) used in Part B. One suitable undercar-
form of an invertedT(Fig. 5).Aflat blade 25.4 mm by 6.1 mm
riage (the one used in the round-robin) is shown in Fig. 1.An
by 0.6 mm (1 in. by 0.24 in. by 0.024 in.) shall be attached to
undercarriage must be present even for Part A, to prevent
a 6.1 mm (0.24 in.) rod in such a way that the blade is
vortexing. The holding rod, appropriate for this apparatus, is
symmetrical with the rod and has its flat surface in the vertical
depicted in Fig. 4.
pane.
NOTE 3—Other holders suitable for supporting the specimen in Test
NOTE 4—A suitable material is an 18 % chromium, 8 % nickel alloy
steel conforming to Type 304 of Specification A240/A240M, or SAE No.
British Standard 2, 1965 Section 5, or equivalent, may be used. 30304, or BS 970: Part 1: 1983: 302531.
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D5534 − 94 (2011)
NOTE 1—All dimensions are in millimetres (inches).
FIG. 3 Specimen Holder
NOTE 1—All dimensions are in millimetres (inches).
FIG. 4 Holding Rod
NOTE5—Ifstainlesssteelisnotavailable,stirrersmadeofheatresistant
glass and having approximately the same dimensions as the stainless steel
stirrers can be used.
NOTE 1—All dimensions are in millimetres (inches).
5.5 Stirring Apparatus—Any convenient form of stirring
NOTE 2— all over.
apparatus capable of maintaining a speed of 1000 r⁄min 6
NOTE 3—All dimensions 60.5 mm (0.02 in.).
50 r⁄min.
NOTE 4—Break all sharp corners.
5.6 Grinding and Polishing Equipment—150- and 240- grit
FIG. 5 Stirrer
metalworking aluminum oxide abrasive cloth, closed coat on a
jeans backing, a suitable chuck (Fig. 6) for holding the
specimen, and a means of rotating the specimen at a speed of
5.7 Water Beaker for Part B—Flat-bottomed beaker made
1700 r⁄min to 1800 r⁄min.
from 30 mm (1.2 in.) outside diameter standard wall glass
tubing, 50 mm (2.0 in.) high. It should fit snugly in the
Borosilicate glass is satisfactory for this purpose. undercarriage of the specimen holder.
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D5534 − 94 (2011)
NOTE 1—All dimensions are in millimetres (inches).
NOTE
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