Name: ASTM B891-98(2004) - Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Titanium and Titanium Alloy Condenser and Heat Exchanger Tubes With Integral Fins
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Abstract

Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Titanium and Titanium Alloy Condenser and Heat Exchanger Tubes With Integral Fins

General Information

Status

Historical

Publication Date

30-Apr-2004

ICS

27.060.30 - Boilers and heat exchangers

Technical Committee

B10 - Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys

Drafting Committee

B10.01 - Titanium

Current Stage

Ref Project

Relations

Replaces

ASTM B891-98e1 - Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Titanium and Titanium Alloy Condenser and Heat Exchanger Tubes With Integral Fins

Effective Date

01-May-2004

Replaced By

ASTM B891-12 - Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Titanium and Titanium Alloy Condenser and Heat Exchanger Tubes with Enhanced Surface for Improved Heat Transfer

Effective Date

01-Mar-2012

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ASTM B891-98(2004) - Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Titanium and Titanium Alloy Condenser and Heat Exchanger Tubes With Integral Fins

Technical specification

ASTM B891-98(2004) - Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Titanium and Titanium Alloy Condenser and Heat Exchanger Tubes With Integral Fins

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Standards Content (Sample)

ASTM B891-98(2004) - Standard ...

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: B891 – 98 (Reapproved 2004)
Standard Speciﬁcation for
Seamless and Welded Titanium and Titanium Alloy
Condenser and Heat Exchanger Tubes With Integral Fins
This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation B891; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Ordering Information
1.1 This speciﬁcation covers seamless and welded titanium 3.1 Purchase orders for tubes described in this speciﬁcation
and titanium alloy tubing on which the external or internal should include the following, to describe the tubes adequately.
surface, or both, has been modiﬁed by a cold forming process 3.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue
to produce an integral enhanced surface for improved heat 3.1.2 Welded or Seamless
transfer.The tubes are used in surface condensers, evaporators, 3.1.3 Grade number
heat exchangers and similar heat transfer apparatus in unﬁnned 3.1.4 Dimensions; diameter, wall thickness (ave. or min.
end diameters up to and including 1 in. (25.4 mm). speciﬁed), length and location of unenhanced surfaces and the
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded total tube length. Conﬁguration of enhanced surfaces (ﬁns per
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for unit length, ﬁn height, wall thickness under ﬁn, etc.) shall be as
information only. agreeduponbetweenthemanufacturerandpurchaser.(Referto
1.3 The following precautionary statement pertains to the Figs. 1 and 2)
test method portion only: Section 9 of this speciﬁcation: This 3.1.5 Quantity
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, 3.1.6 Packaging
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user 3.1.7 Nondestructive tests
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health 3.1.8 Mill test report
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita- 3.1.9 Certiﬁcation
tions prior to use.
4. General Requirements
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 Tubes described by this speciﬁcation shall be furnished
2.1 ASTM Standards: with unenhanced ends.
B338 Speciﬁcation for Seamless and Welded Titanium and 4.2 Enhanced sections of the tube are normally supplied in
Titanium Alloy Tubes for Condensers and Heat Exchang- the “as-ﬁnned” condition (cold worked condition produced by
ers the enhancing operation). The unenhanced sections of the tube
E426 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Exami- shall be in the annealed condition and shall be suitable for
nation of Seamless and Welded Tubular Products, Auste- rolling-in operations.
nitic Stainless Steel and Similar Alloys
5. Materials and Manufacture
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
5.1 The integrally enhanced (ﬁnned) tubes shall be manu-
factured from seamless, welded, or welded/cold worked
This speciﬁcation is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 on
(WCW) plain tubes that conform to all requirements as
Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of
speciﬁed in Speciﬁcation B338.
Subcommittee B10.01 on Titanium.
Current edition approved May 1, 2004. Published May 2004. Originally
5.2 Enhanced areas shall be produced by cold forming.
´1
approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as B891 – 98 . DOI:
10.1520/B0891-98R04.
6. Condition
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Speciﬁ-
6.1 The tube after enhancing shall normally be supplied in
cation SB-_____ in Section II of that Code.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
the “as-ﬁnned” condition.When speciﬁed by the purchaser, for
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
coiling or other fabricating operations, the tube may be
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
annealed after enhancing.
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
B891 – 98 (2004)
should they not cause output signals beyond acceptable limits
when retested. Tubes causing irrelevant signals because of
visible and identiﬁable handling marks shall be considered to
conform, provided the wall thickness in the enhanced and
unenhanced areas is not less than the minimum speciﬁed.
9.1.1.5 Tubes causing relevant signals because of injurious
defects that reduce the wall thickness below the minimum
speciﬁed shall be rejected. If, after retest and examination, no
source for the reject signal can be discerned, the tube shall be
FIG. 1 Outside Enhancement Only
rejected.
9.1.2 Pneumatic Test—Each tube so tested shall withstand a
7. Chemical Composition minimum internal air pressure of 250 psi (1.72 MPa) for a
minimum of 5 s without showing evidence of leakage.The test
7.1 The grade titanium or titanium alloy speciﬁed shall
method used shall permit easy detection of any leakage by
conform to the chemical requirements prescribed in Speciﬁca-
placing the tube underwater or by using the pressure differen-
tion B338.
tial method. Any evidence of leakage shall be cause for
rejection of that tube.
8. Tensile Requirements
9.1.3 Hydrostatic Test—Each tube so tested shall withstand,
8.1 The tube prior to the ﬁnning operation, or unenhanced
without showing bulges, leaks or other defects, an internal
portions of the ﬁnned tube, shall conform to the grade
hydrostatic pressure that will produce in the tube wall a stress
requirements for tensile properties prescribed in Speciﬁcation
of 50 % of the minimum speciﬁed yield strength at room
B338
temperature.Thispressureshallbedeterminedbytheequation:
9. Nondestructive Tests
P 5 SEW /~d /2 2 0.4W ! (1)
f r f
9.1 After enhancing operations, subject each tube to a
where:
nondestructive electromagnetic test, and either a pneumatic or
P = minimum hydrostatic test pressure, psi (or MPa),
hydrostatic test as speciﬁed in the purchase order. Tubes shall
S = one half the minimum yield strength, psi (or MPa),
normally be tested in the as-fabricated condition but, at the
W = wall under ﬁn thickness, in. (or mm),
f
option of the manufacturer or purchaser, may be tested in the
d = ﬁn root diameter, in. (or mm),
r
annealed condition.
E = 0.85 welded tube, and
9.1.1 Eddy Current Test—Eddy current inspect the tube in
E = 1.0 seamless and welded/cold worked tube.
accordance with Practice E426 by passing it through an
9.1.3.1 The maximum hydrostatic test pressure shall not
encircling coil designed to test the entire cross section of the
exceed 2500 psi (17.2 MPa) for sizes 1 in. (25.4 mm) and
tube.
under. Hydrostatic pressure shall be maintained for not less
9.1.1.1 The reference standard used to adjust the sensitivity
than 5 s. When requested by the purchaser and so stated in the
settingoftheapparatusshallbesoundandofthesamenominal
order, tubes shall be tested to one and one half times the
alloy, enhanced conﬁguration, condition and nominal dimen-
speciﬁed working pressure, provided the ﬁber stress corre-
sions as the lot of tubes to be tested on a production basis. Drill
sponding to those test pressures does not exceed one half the
four holes not larger than 0.031 in. (0.787 mm) in diameter
minimumspeciﬁedyieldstrengthofthematerialasdetermined
radially through the enhanced wall in each of four successive
bytheequationgivenin9.1.3.Whenoneandonehalftimesthe
planes at 0, 90, 180 and 270°. Use a suitable drill jig to guide
working pressure exceeds 2500 psi (17.2 MPa), the hydrostatic
the drill, taking care to avoid distortion of the adjacent ﬁns.
test pressure shall be a matter of agreement between the
Locate one hole in the weld for welded material. Space
manufacturer and purchaser.
artiﬁcial discontinuities at least 16 in. (406 mm) apart to
provide signal resolution adequate for interpretation. Discard
10. Permissible Variations in Dimensions
the reference standard and replace when erroneous signals are
10.1 Diameter—The outside diameter of the unenhanced
produced from mechanical, metallurgical or other damage to
sections shall not vary by more than the amount in Table 1,as
the tube.
measured by “go” and “no go” ring gages. The diameter over
9.1.1.2 Adju
...

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ABSTRACT
This specification covers seamless and welded titanium and titanium alloy tubing on which the external or internal surface, or both, has been modified by a cold forming process to produce an integral enhanced surface for improved heat transfer. The tubes are used in surface condensers, evaporators, heat exchangers and similar heat transfer apparatus in unfinned end diameters of a specific size. Tubes shall be furnished with unenhanced ends in the annealed condition and shall be suitable for rolling-in operations. Each tube shall be subject to a nondestructive eddy current test, and either a pneumatic or hydrostatic test.
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1.4 The following precautionary statement pertains to the test method portion only: Section 8, 9, 10 and S1 of this specification:This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standard Practice for Acoustic Pulse Reflectometry Examination of Tube Bundles

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 APR technology is used for detection, location and identification of internal diameter (ID) flaws-indications and blockages in tube bundles.
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1.3 APR technology utilizes generation of sound waves through the air in the examined tube, then detecting reflections created by discontinuities and/or blockages. Analysis of the initial phase (positive or negative) and the shape of the reflected acoustic wave are used to identify the type of flaw causing the reflection.
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ABSTRACT
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1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to the test methods described in this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Embrittlement is a form of intercrystalline cracking that is associated with the exposure of boiler steel to a combination of physical and chemical factors. For embrittlement of boiler metal to occur, the metal must be under stress, it must be at the site of a leak, and it must be exposed to the concentrated boiler water. In addition, the boiler water must be embrittling in nature. The precise chemical causes of the embrittling nature of some waters are not well understood. Experience has shown that certain waters exhibit an embrittling characteristic while others do not.
5.2 Because embrittlement is a form of cracking, it is nearly impossible to detect in an operating boiler until a failure has occurred. In general, cracking failures tend to be sudden, and often with serious consequences. This practice offers a way to determine whether a particular water is embrittling or not. It also makes it possible to determine if specific treatment actions have rendered the water nonembrittling.
5.3 The embrittlement detector was designed to reproduce closely the conditions existing in an actual boiler seam. It is considered probable that the individual conditions of leakage, concentration, and stress in the boiler seam can equal those in the detector. The essential difference between the detector and the boiler is that the former is so constructed and operated that these three major factors act simultaneously, continuously, and under the most favorable circumstances to produce cracking; whereas, in the boiler the three factors are brought together only under unique circumstances. Furthermore, in the detector any cracking is produced in a small test surface that can be inspected thoroughly, while the susceptible areas in a boiler are large and can be inspected only with difficulty. In these respects the embrittlement detector provides an accelerated test of the fourth condition necessary for embrittlement, the embrittling nature of the boiler water.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice,3 known as the embrittlement-detector method, covers the apparatus and procedure for determining the embrittling or nonembrittling characteristics of the water in an operating boiler. The interpretation of the results shall be restricted to the limits set forth in 8.6.
Note 1: Cracks in a specimen after being subjected to this test indicate that the boiler water can cause embrittlement cracking, but not that the boiler in question necessarily has cracked or will crack.
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1.3 The practice may be applied to embrittlement resistance testing of steels other than boiler plate, provided that a duplicate, unexposed specimen does not crack when bent 90° on a 2-in. (51-mm) radius.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
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Standard Specification for SEBS-Modified Mopping Asphalt Used in Roofing

ABSTRACT
This specification covers SEBS (styrene-ethylenebutylene-styrene)-modified mopping asphalt intended for use in built-up roof construction, construction of some modified bitumen systems, construction of bituminous vapor retarder systems, and for adhering insulation boards used in various types of roofing systems. This specification is intended as a material specification and issues regarding the suitability of specific roof constructions or application techniques are beyond its scope. The specified tests and property values are intended to establish minimum properties. In place system design criteria or performance attributes are factors beyond the scope of this specification. The base asphalt shall be prepared from crude petroleum and the SEBS-modified asphalt shall incorporate sufficient SEBS as the primary polymeric modifier. The SEBS modified asphalt shall be homogeneous and free of water and shall conform to the prescribed physical properties including (1) softening point before and after heat exposure, (2) softening point change, (3) flash point, (4) penetration before and after heat exposure, (5) penetration change, (6) solubility in trichloroethylene, (7) tensile elongation, (8) elastic recovery, and (9) low temperature flexibility. The sampling and test methods to determine compliance with the specified physical properties, as well as the evaluation for stability during heat exposure are detailed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers SEBS (styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene)-modified asphalt intended for use in built-up roof construction, construction of some modified bitumen systems, construction of bituminous vapor retarder systems, and for adhering insulation boards used in various types of roof systems.
1.2 This specification is intended as a material specification. Issues regarding the suitability of specific roof constructions or application techniques are beyond its scope.
1.3 The specified tests and property values used to characterize SEBS-modified asphalt are intended to establish minimum properties. In-place system design criteria or performance attributes are factors beyond the scope of this specification.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Technical specification
3 pages
English language
sale 15% off

30-Apr-2024
91.100.50
D08

ASTM

ASTM D5643/D5643M-06(2024)(Specification)

Standard Specification for Coal Tar Roof Cement, Asbestos Free

ABSTRACT
This specification covers coal tar roof cement suitable for trowel application in coal tar roofing and flashing systems. The chemical composition of coal tar roof cement shall conform to the requirements prescribed. The water, non-volatile matter, insoluble matter, behaviour at 60 deg. C, adhesion to wet surfaces, and flash point shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers coal tar roof cement suitable for trowel application in coal tar roofing and flashing systems.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Technical specification
2 pages
English language
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30-Apr-2024
91.100.50
D08

ASTM

ASTM D396-24(Specification)

Standard Specification for Fuel Oils

ABSTRACT
This specification covers grades of fuel oil intended for use in various types of fuel-oil-burning equipment under various climatic and operating conditions. These grades include the following: Grades No. 1 S5000, No. 1 S500, No. 2 S5000, and No. 2 S500 for use in domestic and small industrial burners; Grades No. 1 S5000 and No. 1 S500 adapted to vaporizing type burners or where storage conditions require low pour point fuel; Grades No. 4 (Light) and No. 4 (Heavy) for use in commercial/industrial burners; and Grades No. 5 (Light), No. 5 (Heavy), and No. 6 for use in industrial burners. Preheating is usually required for handling and proper atomization. The grades of fuel oil shall be homogeneous hydrocarbon oils, free from inorganic acid, and free from excessive amounts of solid or fibrous foreign matter. Grades containing residual components shall remain uniform in normal storage and not separate by gravity into light and heavy oil components outside the viscosity limits for the grade. The grades of fuel oil shall conform to the limiting requirements prescribed for: (1) flash point, (2) water and sediment, (3) physical distillation or simulated distillation, (4) kinematic viscosity, (5) Ramsbottom carbon residue, (6) ash, (7) sulfur, (8) copper strip corrosion, (9) density, and (10) pour point. The test methods for determining conformance to the specified properties are given.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification (see Note 1) covers grades of fuel oil intended for use in various types of fuel-oil-burning equipment under various climatic and operating conditions. These grades are described as follows:
1.1.1 Grades No. 1 S5000, No. 1 S500, No. 1 S15, No. 2 S5000, No. 2 S500, and No. 2 S15 are middle distillate fuels for use in domestic and small industrial burners. Grades No. 1 S5000, No. 1 S500, and No. 1 S15 are particularly adapted to vaporizing type burners or where storage conditions require low pour point fuel.
1.1.2 Grades B6–B20 S5000, B6–B20 S500, and B6–B20 S15 are middle distillate fuel/biodiesel blends for use in domestic and small industrial burners.
1.1.3 Grades No. 4 (Light) and No. 4 are heavy distillate fuels or middle distillate/residual fuel blends used in commercial/industrial burners equipped for this viscosity range.
1.1.4 Grades No. 5 (Light), No. 5 (Heavy), and No. 6 are residual fuels of increasing viscosity and boiling range, used in industrial burners. Preheating is usually required for handling and proper atomization.
Note 1: For information on the significance of the terminology and test methods used in this specification, see Appendix X1.
Note 2: A more detailed description of the grades of fuel oils is given in X1.3.
1.2 This specification is for the use of purchasing agencies in formulating specifications to be included in contracts for purchases of fuel oils and for the guidance of consumers of fuel oils in the selection of the grades most suitable for their needs.
1.3 Nothing in this specification shall preclude observance of federal, state, or local regulations which can be more restrictive.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.4.1 Non-SI units are provided in Table 1 and Table 2 and in 7.1.2.1/7.1.2.2 because these are common units used in the industry.
Note 3: The generation and dissipation of static electricity can create problems in the handling of distillate burner fuel oils. For more information on the subject, see Guide D4865.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Technical specification
13 pages
English language
sale 15% off
Technical specification
13 pages
English language
sale 15% off

30-Apr-2024
75.160.20
D02