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ASTM D2209-00

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength of Leather

Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength of Leather

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the load required to rupture a leather test specimen having a 1/2-in. (12.7-mm) width. The load to rupture divided by the original unstretched cross-sectional area gives the tensile strength. It may be used for all types of leather that are smooth and firm enough to permit accurate thickness measurements. This test method does not apply to wet blue.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Sep-2000
ICS
59.140.30 - Leather and furs
Technical Committee
D31 - Leather
Drafting Committee
D31.07 - Physical Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D2209-00(2004) - Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength of Leather
Effective Date
01-Sep-2004
Referred By
ASTM D2208-16(2023) - Standard Test Method for Breaking Strength of Leather by the Grab Method
Effective Date
10-Sep-2000
Referred By
ASTM D2207-00(2021) - Standard Test Method for Bursting Strength of Leather by the Ball Method
Effective Date
10-Sep-2000
Referred By
ASTM D4705-18(2023) - Standard Test Method for Stitch Tear Strength of Leather, Double Hole
Effective Date
10-Sep-2000
Referred By
ASTM D2211-00(2021) - Standard Test Method for Elongation of Leather
Effective Date
10-Sep-2000
Referred By
ASTM D2212-00(2021) - Standard Test Method for Slit Tear Resistance of Leather
Effective Date
10-Sep-2000
Referred By
ASTM D4704-13(2023) - Standard Test Method for Tearing Strength, Tongue Tear of Leather
Effective Date
10-Sep-2000
Referred By
ASTM D8137-18(2023) - Practice for Accelerated Aging of Leather
Effective Date
10-Sep-2000
Referred By
ASTM D4786-00(2020) - Standard Test Method for Stitch Tear Strength, Single Hole
Effective Date
10-Sep-2000

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ASTM D2209-00 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength of LeatherASTM D2209-00 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength of Leather
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ASTM D2209-00 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength of Leather
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Standards Content (Sample)


NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 2209 – 00
Standard Test Method for
Tensile Strength of Leather
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2209; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope clamped in the testing machine as described in 9.3. The force
required to rupture the leather at a jaw separation of 10 6 2
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the load
1 in./min. is measured. The tensile strength is calculated in psi or
required to rupture a leather test specimen having a ⁄2-in.
in kPa by dividing the force by the area of the original cross
(12.7-mm) width. The load to rupture divided by the original
section of its narrow section. The percent elongation at rupture
unstretched cross-sectional area gives the tensile strength. It
is also measured.
may be used for all types of leather that are smooth and firm
enough to permit accurate thickness measurements. This test
5. Significance and Use
method does not apply to wet blue.
5.1 The tensile strength test gives a reliable indication of the
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
quality of the leather. Improperly lubricated and partially
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
degraded leathers give low values for tensile strength. The
information only.
orientation of the specimen in relation to the backbone and the
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
location of the specimen on the hide influence the results
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
significantly. This test method is excellent for development,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
control, specification acceptance, and service evaluation of
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
leather. This test method may not apply when the conditions of
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
test employed differ widely from those specified in the test
2. Referenced Documents method.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6. Apparatus
D 1517 Terminology Relating to Leather
6.1 Testing Machine, Power-Driven— The applied load
D 1610 Practice for Conditioning Leather and Leather
2 shall be indicated on a dial, scale, or chart. The load indicator
Products for Testing
shall record or indicate the maximum load at the time of
D 1813 Test Method for Measuring Thickness of Leather
2 rupture of the specimen. The machine shall be equipped with a
Test Specimens
2 set of grips for clamping the specimens. The faces of the grips
D 2211 Test Method for Elongation of Leather
should be knurled or otherwise roughened to prevent slipping
3. Terminology of the specimen. The gripping surfaces shall be at least 1 by 1 ⁄2
in. (25.4 by 38 mm). The grips shall be mounted with the
3.1 For definitions of leather terms used in this standard
longer dimension perpendicular to the direction of the appli-
refer to Terminology D 1517.
cation of the load. The speed of the power-activated grip shall
4. Summary of Test Method be uniform speed of 10 6 2 in./ min (254 6 50 mm/min) when
running free. The error of the machine up to a load of 50 lbf
4.1 The width and thickness are measured in the center of
(222 N) shall not exceed 2 %; at loads of more than 50 lbf the
the narrow area of the leather specimen. The specimen is
error shall not exceed 1 %.
6.2 Thickness Gage—A dead-mass type of thickness gage
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D31 on Leather
as described in Test Method D 1813.
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.07 on Physical Properties-
6.3 Steel Scale, graduated to read in 0.02 in. (0.5 mm).
General. This test method was developed in cooperation with the American Leather
6.4 Steel Die, to cut test specimens designed as shown in
Chemists Assn. (Standard Method E 15 – 1965).
Fig. 1.
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 2000. Published October 2000. Originally
published as D 2209 – 63T. Last previous edition D 2209 – 95.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.04.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 2209
10. Report
10.1 Report the following information:
10.1.1 Thickness to the nearest 0.001 in. (0.025 mm)
reported for each specimen or averaged and reported as the
thickness of the sample.
10.1.2 Cross-sectional area of each specimen,
NOTE 1—Calculate the original cross-sectional area of the specimen
from one thickness measurement and one width measurement. For heavy
leathers average two width measurements.
in. mm in. mm
10.1.3 Breaking load to
...

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