ASTM D7042-20

Standard Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of Kinematic Viscosity)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Many petroleum products, and some non-petroleum materials, are used as lubricants and the correct operation of the equipment depends upon the appropriate viscosity of the liquid being used. In addition, the viscosity of many petroleum fuels is important for the estimation of optimum storage, handling, and operational conditions. Thus, the accurate determination of viscosity is essential to many product specifications.  
5.2 Density is a fundamental physical property that can be used in conjunction with other properties to characterize both the light and heavy fractions of petroleum and petroleum products.  
5.3 Determination of the density or relative density of petroleum and its products is necessary for the conversion of measured volumes to volumes at the standard temperature of 15°C.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers and specifies a procedure for the concurrent measurement of both the dynamic viscosity, η, and the density, ρ, of liquid petroleum products and crude oils, both transparent and opaque. The kinematic viscosity, ν, can be obtained by dividing the dynamic viscosity, η, by the density, ρ, obtained at the same test temperature.  
1.2 The result obtained from this test method is dependent upon the behavior of the sample and is intended for application to liquids for which primarily the shear stress and shear rate are proportional (Newtonian flow behavior).  
1.3 The precision has only been determined for those materials, viscosity ranges, density ranges, and temperatures as indicated in Section 15 on Precision and Bias. The test method can be applied to a wider range of materials, viscosity, density, and temperature. For materials not listed in Section 15 on Precision and Bias, the precision and bias may not be applicable.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2020
• ICS: 17.060 - Measurement of volume, mass, density, viscosity
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.07 - Flow Properties

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7042 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Dynamic Viscosity and Density of Liquids by Stabinger
1
Viscometer (and the Calculation of Kinematic Viscosity)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7042; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversandspecifiesaprocedureforthe
2.1 ASTM Standards:
concurrent measurement of both the dynamic viscosity, η, and
D341 Practice for Viscosity-Temperature Equations and
thedensity, ρ,ofliquidpetroleumproductsandcrudeoils,both
Charts for Liquid Petroleum or Hydrocarbon Products
transparent and opaque. The kinematic viscosity, ν, can be
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils
obtained by dividing the dynamic viscosity, η, by the density,
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
ρ, obtained at the same test temperature.
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
ity)
1.2 The result obtained from this test method is dependent
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel
upon the behavior of the sample and is intended for application
D1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
toliquidsforwhichprimarilytheshearstressandshearrateare
D2162 Practice for Basic Calibration of Master Viscometers
proportional (Newtonian flow behavior).
and Viscosity Oil Standards
1.3 The precision has only been determined for those
D2270 Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kine-
materials, viscosity ranges,densityranges,andtemperaturesas
matic Viscosity at 40 °C and 100 °C
indicated in Section 15 on Precision and Bias. The test method
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
can be applied to a wider range of materials, viscosity, density,
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
and temperature. For materials not listed in Section 15 on
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
Precision and Bias, the precision and bias may not be appli-
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
cable.
Measurement System Performance
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products,
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
standard.
D6617 Practice for Laboratory Bias Detection Using Single
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Test Result from Standard Material
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D6708 Practice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvement
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and to
Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to
D6751 Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100)
use.
for Middle Distillate Fuels
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
D7467 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oil, Biodiesel Blend
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
(B6 to B20)
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
D7566 Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel Containing
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Synthesized Hydrocarbons
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
D7915 Practice for Application of Generalized Extreme
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Studentized Deviate (GESD) Technique to Simultane-
ously Identify Multiple Outliers in a Data Set
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
2
Subcommittee D02.07 on Flow Properties. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2020.PublishedJuly2020.Originallyapproved contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
ɛ1
in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as D7042 – 19 . DOI:10.1520/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
D7042-20. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D7042 − 20
3
2.2 ISO Standards: determined from the equilibrium rotational speed of the inner
ISO 5725 Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of Measure- cylinder under the influence of the shear stress
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D7042 − 19 D7042 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Dynamic Viscosity and Density of Liquids by Stabinger
1
Viscometer (and the Calculation of Kinematic Viscosity)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7042; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Editorially corrected Tables 2 and 3 in March 2020.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers and specifies a procedure for the concurrent measurement of both the dynamic viscosity, η, and the
density, ρ, of liquid petroleum products and crude oils, both transparent and opaque. The kinematic viscosity, ν, can be obtained
by dividing the dynamic viscosity, η, by the density, ρ, obtained at the same test temperature.
1.2 The result obtained from this test method is dependent upon the behavior of the sample and is intended for application to
liquids for which primarily the shear stress and shear rate are proportional (Newtonian flow behavior).
1.3 The precision has only been determined for those materials, viscosity ranges, density ranges, and temperatures as indicated
in Section 15 on Precision and Bias. The test method can be applied to a wider range of materials, viscosity, density, and
temperature. For materials not listed in Section 15 on Precision and Bias, the precision and bias may not be applicable.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and to determine the applicability
of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D341 Practice for Viscosity-Temperature Equations and Charts for Liquid Petroleum or Hydrocarbon Products
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel
D1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
D2162 Practice for Basic Calibration of Master Viscometers and Viscosity Oil Standards
D2270 Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kinematic Viscosity at 40 °C and 100 °C
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and
Lubricants
D6617 Practice for Laboratory Bias Detection Using Single Test Result from Standard Material
D6708 Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport
to Measure the Same Property of a Material
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.07 on Flow Properties.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2019June 1, 2020. Published January 2020July 2020. Originally approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 20162019 as
ɛ3ɛ1
D7042 – 16D7042 – 19 . DOI:10.1520/D7042-19E01.DOI:10.1520/D7042-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7042 − 20
D6751 Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels
D7467 Specification for Diesel Fuel O
...