ASTM D4576-08

Standard Test Method for Mold Growth Resistance of Wet Blue

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides a technique for evaluating mold growth resistance characteristics of wet blue, and should assist in the prediction of storage time before molding occurs.
The degree of correlation between this test and commercial quantities of wet blue in storage or shipment situations, or both, has not been fully determined.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of mold growth resistance of wet blue and wet white subject to storage and shipping requirements and intended for use in leather manufacturing. This test method may not be suitable to evaluate fungicides that are inactivated by proteins. This includes alkyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chlorides.
1.2 Conclusions about mold growth resistance are drawn from the results by comparing the test with a simultaneously run control of known resistance. Success or failure is determined by the amount of mold growth relative to the control.
1.3 To allow use of this test method by any laboratory, flexibility has been permitted in times, temperature, and humidity of incubation, inoculum, hide sampling area, and choice of control. These may be adjusted to fit local conditions but must be standardized.
1.4 For mold growth resistance of wet white, the procedure is identical, substitute wet white for wet blue in the standard method.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2008
• ICS: 59.140.30 - Leather and furs
• Technical Committee: D31 - Leather
• Drafting Committee: D31.02 - Wet Blue

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4576-01(2006)e1 - Standard Test Method for Mold Growth Resistance of Wet Blue
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2008
• Replaced By: ASTM D4576-08(2013) - Standard Test Method for Mold Growth Resistance of Wet Blue
• Effective Date: 01-May-2013
• Referred By: ASTM E3152-23 - Standard Guide for Standard Test Methods and Practices Available for Determining Antifungal Activity on Natural or Synthetic Substrates Treated with Antimicrobial Agents
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D4576 − 08
StandardTest Method for
1
Mold Growth Resistance of Wet Blue
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4576; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2 After various incubation periods, mold growth is rated
as a percentage of the wet blue surface covered by mold.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of mold
growth resistance of wet blue and wet white subject to storage
3.3 Resistancetomoldgrowthofthewetbluetestspecimen
and shipping requirements and intended for use in leather is determined by comparison with wet blue of known resis-
manufacturing. This test method may not be suitable to
tancecharacteristics(thecontrol),thatistestedsimultaneously.
evaluate fungicides that are inactivated by proteins. This
includes alkyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chlorides.
4. Significance and Use
1.2 Conclusions about mold growth resistance are drawn
4.1 This test method provides a technique for evaluating
from the results by comparing the test with a simultaneously
mold growth resistance characteristics of wet blue, and should
run control of known resistance. Success or failure is deter-
assist in the prediction of storage time before molding occurs.
mined by the amount of mold growth relative to the control.
4.2 Thedegreeofcorrelationbetweenthistestandcommer-
1.3 To allow use of this test method by any laboratory,
cial quantities of wet blue in storage or shipment situations, or
flexibility has been permitted in times, temperature, and
both, has not been fully determined.
humidity of incubation, inoculum, hide sampling area, and
choiceofcontrol.Thesemaybeadjustedtofitlocalconditions
5. Interferences
but must be standardized.
5.1 Acommon interference is contamination of plates, agar,
1.4 For mold growth resistance of wet white, the procedure
or samples by unwanted organisms that settle in from the
is identical, substitute wet white for wet blue in the standard
environment.
method.
5.2 Volatility and Leachability of Biocides—A “zone of
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
inhibition” where no mold grows on the agar adjacent to the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
specimen indicates that the fungicide may leach.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
6. Apparatus
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6.1 Petri Dishes, 120 mm diameter. Sterile plastic dispos-
2. Terminology
able dishes are preferred.
2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
6.2 Incubator, or location providing similar conditions be-
2.1.1 wet blue—hide or skin, or split of a hide or skin,
ing free of drafts, and capable of a constant (6 2°C) tempera-
tanned with basic chromium sulfate, containing approximately
ture within the 26 to 30°C range.
50% moisture and having an acidic pH.
6.3 Medicine droppers,disposableplastictypedelivering30
2.1.2 wet white—a hide or skin, or split of a hide or skin
to 35 drops per mL.
tanned with organic or non-organic tanning agents (excluding
chromium or iron containing agents and vegetable extracts),
7. Reagents and Materials
containing approximately 50 % moisture.
2
7.1 Potato Dextrose Agar, a dehydrated plating medium
3. Summary of Test Method
used in culturing yeasts and molds from dairy products.
3.1 Wet blue test specimens are surrounded by but not
covered with agar, inoculated, and incubated.
2
The sole source of supply of a product that meets the requirements of this
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD31onLeather method known to the committee at this time is Potato Dextrose Agar stock no.
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.02 on Wet Blue. 0013-01-4, available from Difco Labs, P.O. Box 1058A, Detroit, MI28232. If you
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM
´1
approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D4576-01(2006) . International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a
1
DOI: 10.1520/D4576-08. meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D4576 − 08
3 6 5
7.2 Inoculum, Aspergillus niger 1×10 spores per mL, or 9.3.2 Use three drops of 1×10 spores per milliliter per
other organism or a combination of organisms known to be plate
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation:D4576–01(Reapproved2006) Designation:D4576–08
Standard Test Method for
1
Mold Growth Resistance of Wet Blue
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4576; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
´ NOTE—Footnote 3 was revised in July 2008.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of mold growth resistance of wet blue and wet white subject to storage and
shipping requirements and intended for use in leather manufacturing. This test method may not be suitable to evaluate fungicides
that are inactivated by proteins. This includes alkyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chlorides.
1.2 Conclusions about mold growth resistance are drawn from the results by comparing the test with a simultaneously run
control of known resistance. Success or failure is determined by the amount of mold growth relative to the control.
1.3 To allow use of this test method by any laboratory, flexibility has been permitted in times, temperature, and humidity of
incubation, inoculum, hide sampling area, and choice of control. These may be adjusted to fit local conditions but must be
standardized.
1.4
1.4 Formoldgrowthresistanceofwetwhite,theprocedureisidentical,substitutewetwhiteforwetblueinthestandardmethod.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Terminology
2.1 Definition of Term Specific to This Standard:
2.1.1 wet blue—hide or skin, or split of a hide or skin, tanned with basic chromium sulfate, containing approximately 50 %
moisture and having an acidic pH.
2.1.2 wet white—a hide or skin, or split of a hide or skin tanned with organic or non-organic tanning agents (excluding
chromium or iron containing agents and vegetable extracts), containing approximately 50 % moisture.
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 Wet blue test specimens are surrounded by but not covered with agar, inoculated, and incubated.
3.2 After various incubation periods, mold growth is rated as a percentage of the wet blue surface covered by mold.
3.3 Resistance to mold growth of the wet blue test specimen is determined by comparison with wet blue of known resistance
characteristics (the control), that is tested simultaneously.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method provides a technique for evaluating mold growth resistance characteristics of wet blue, and should assist
in the prediction of storage time before molding occurs.
4.2 The degree of correlation between this test and commercial quantities of wet blue in storage or shipment situations, or both,
has not been fully determined.
5. Interferences
5.1 A common interference is contamination of plates, agar, or samples by unwanted organisms that settle in from the
environment.
5.2 Volatility and Leachability of Biocides—A“zone of inhibition” where no mold grows on the agar adjacent to the specimen
indicates that the fungicide may leach.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D31 on Leather and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.02 on Wet Blue.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2006. Published November 2006. Originally approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D4576-01.
´1
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D 4576 - 01(2006) .
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D4576–08
6. Apparatus
6.1 Petri Dishes, 120 mm diameter. Sterile plastic disposable dishes are preferred.
6.2 Incubator, or location providing similar conditions being free of drafts, and capable of a constant (6 2°C) temperature
within the 26 to 30°C range.
6.3 Medicine droppers, disposable plastic type delivering 30 to 35 drops per mL.
7. Reagents and Materials
2
7.1 Potato Dextrose Agar, a dehydrated plating medium used in culturing yeasts and molds from dairy products.
6
3
7.2 Inoculum, Aspergillus niger 1 3 10 spores per mL, or other organism or a combination of organisms known to be
indigenous to the
...