ASTM D6351-10
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Low Temperature Fluidity and Appearance of Hydraulic Fluids
Standard Test Method for Determination of Low Temperature Fluidity and Appearance of Hydraulic Fluids
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The temperature at which a lubricant remains fluid and homogeneous after seven days is an index of its ability to withstand prolonged exposure to cold temperature. With vegetable oils and some synthetic esters, it is necessary to do extended cold storage testing. Quick cool, short-term tests, such as Test Methods D97 and D2500, do not adequately predict the tendency to solidify over longer time spans at cold temperatures.
This test method is not intended to indicate cold temperature pumpability performance. A separate assessment of viscometric performance should be made in order to assess cold flow properties, which are important in order to avoid system damage in cold temperature applications. Suitable guidelines for such testing and test temperatures for various viscosity grades can be found in Practice D6080.
No specific temperature of measurement is given in this test method because fluids with different viscosity grades have different cold temperature performance expectations. For guidance on temperature selection relative to an intended low temperature viscosity grade or ISO VG, consult Practice D6080. As an example of using Practice D 6080D6080, a L22 viscosity grade would be evaluated at the lowest temperature for that grade, namely -22.9°C. Alternatively, a fluid can be evaluated at the lowest temperature expected for field service.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the fluidity and appearance of hydraulic fluids after storage at low temperature.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 Exception—In 6.1.1, the material is designated in cSt as this is the common name used for this type of oil.
1.3 WARNINGMercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s websitehttp://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htmfor additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 1.3 and Section 6.
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Designation: D6351 − 10
StandardTest Method for
Determination of Low Temperature Fluidity and Appearance
1
of Hydraulic Fluids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6351; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
1.1 This test method covers the fluidity and appearance of
3. Summary of Test Method
hydraulic fluids after storage at low temperature.
3.1 After preliminary drying to remove trace amounts of
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
water, the sample is cooled to a specified temperature. After
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
seven consecutive days, the sample is examined for its ability
standard.
to flow and observed for homogeneity.
1.2.1 Exception—In 6.1.1, the material is designated in cSt
4. Significance and Use
as this is the common name used for this type of oil.
4.1 The temperature at which a lubricant remains fluid and
1.3 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many
homogeneous after seven days is an index of its ability to
regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause
withstand prolonged exposure to cold temperature. With veg-
central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or
etable oils and some synthetic esters, it is necessary to do
its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to
extended cold storage testing. Quick cool, short-term tests,
materials.Cautionshouldbetakenwhenhandlingmercuryand
such as Test Methods D97 and D2500, do not adequately
mercury containing products. See the applicable product Ma-
predict the tendency to solidify over longer time spans at cold
terial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s
temperatures.
website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for addi-
tional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury
4.2 This test method is not intended to indicate cold
and/or mercury containing products into your state or country
temperature pumpability performance. A separate assessment
may be prohibited by law.
of viscometric performance should be made in order to assess
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the cold flow properties, which are important in order to avoid
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the system damage in cold temperature applications. Suitable
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- guidelines for such testing and test temperatures for various
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- viscosity grades can be found in Practice D6080.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
4.3 No specific temperature of measurement is given in this
warning statements, see 1.3 and Section 6.
test method because fluids with different viscosity grades have
different cold temperature performance expectations. For guid-
2. Referenced Documents
ance on temperature selection relative to an intended low
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
temperature viscosity grade or ISO VG, consult Practice
D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
D6080.As an example of using Practice D 6080D6080, a L22
D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
viscosity grade would be evaluated at the lowest temperature
D6080 Practice for Defining the Viscosity Characteristics of
for that grade, namely -22.9°C. Alternatively, a fluid can be
Hydraulic Fluids
evaluated at the lowest temperature expected for field service.
5. Apparatus
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
5.1 Test Jar, cylindrical, of clear glass, flat bottom, 115 to
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.N0 on Hydraulic Fluids.
125 mm in height. The inside diameter of the jar can range
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2010. Published August 2010. Originally
from 30.0 to 32.4 mm, with a wall thickness of 1.6 mm
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D6351–99(2005).
maximum. The jar shall have a line to indicate a sample height
DOI: 10.1520/D6351-10.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 54 6 3 mm above the inside bottom.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.2 Thermometers, having ranges shown below and con-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. forming to the requirements prescribed in Specification E1.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D6351–99 (Reapproved 2005) Designation:D6351–10
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Low Temperature Fluidity and Appearance
1
of Hydraulic Fluids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6351; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the fluidity and appearance of hydraulic fluids after storage at low temperature.
1.2
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 Exception—In 6.1.1, the material is designated in cSt as this is the common name used for this type of oil.
1.3 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central
nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution
should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS) for details and EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware
that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section For specific warning statements, see 1.3 and Section 6.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
D6080 Practice for Defining the Viscosity Characteristics of Hydraulic Fluids
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 After preliminary drying to remove trace amounts of water, the sample is cooled to a specified temperature. After seven
consecutive days, the sample is examined for its ability to flow and observed for homogeneity.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The temperature at which a lubricant remains fluid and homogeneous after seven days is an index of its ability to withstand
prolonged exposure to cold temperature. With vegetable oils and some synthetic esters, it is necessary to do extended cold storage
testing. Quick cool, short-term tests, such asTest Methods D97 and D2500, do not adequately predict the tendency to solidify over
longer time spans at cold temperatures.
4.2 Thistestmethodisnotintendedtoindicatecoldtemperaturepumpabilityperformance.Aseparateassessmentofviscometric
performance should be made in order to assess cold flow properties, which are important in order to avoid system damage in cold
temperature applications. Suitable guidelines for such testing and test temperatures for various viscosity grades can be found in
Practice D6080.
4.3 No specific temperature of measurement is given in this test method because fluids with different viscosity grades have
different cold temperature performance expectations. For guidance on temperature selection relative to an intended low
temperature viscosity grade or ISO VG, consult Practice D6080.As an example of using Practice D 6080D6080, a L22 viscosity
grade would be evaluated at the lowest temperature for that grade, namely -22.9°C. Alternatively, a fluid can be evaluated at the
lowest temperature expected for field service.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.N0 on
Hydraulic Fluids.
Current edition approved MayAug. 1, 2005.2010. Published June 2005.August 2010. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 19992005 as
D6351–99(2005). DOI: 10.1520/D6351-99R05.10.1520/D6351-10.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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