ASTM D2646-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Backing Fabric Characteristics of Pile Yarn Floor Coverings
Standard Test Methods for Backing Fabric Characteristics of Pile Yarn Floor Coverings
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These test methods may be used for acceptance testing of commercial shipments; however, caution is advised because information about between interlaboratory precision is incomplete. Comparative tests as directed in 5.1.1 may be advisable.
5.1.1 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is statistical bias between them using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, use test samples for such comparative tests that are as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the same lot of material as the samples that resulted in the disparate results during initial testing, and that are randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The test results from the laboratories should be compared using statistical test for unpaired data at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that material must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.
These test methods are useful to evaluate quality and cost control during the manufacture of pile yarn floor covering.
The significance and uses of particular properties and test methods are discussed in the appropriate sections of the specified test methods.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the procedures listed as follows for testing woven, knitted and nonwoven backing fabrics designed for use in the manufacture of pile yarn floor coverings. The procedures appear in the following order:
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in inch-pound units are provided as information only and are not exact equivalents. In case of referee decisions, the SI units will prevail.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D2646 − 11
Standard Test Methods for
1
Backing Fabric Characteristics of Pile Yarn Floor Coverings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2646; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D3776 Test Methods for Mass Per Unit Area (Weight) of
Fabric
1.1 These test methods cover the procedures listed as
D3882 Test Method for Bow and Skew in Woven and
follows for testing woven, knitted and nonwoven backing
Knitted Fabrics
fabrics designed for use in the manufacture of pile yarn floor
D3887 Specification for Tolerances for Knitted Fabrics
coverings. The procedures appear in the following order:
D5034 TestMethodforBreakingStrengthandElongationof
Section
Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)
D5684 Terminology Relating to Pile Floor Coverings
Bow and Skewness of Woven Fabrics 8
Breaking Force of Woven and Nonwoven Fabrics 15
Breaking Force After Tufting of Woven and Nonwoven Fabrics 16
3. Terminology
Extractable Matter 9
Fabric Count of Woven Fabrics 12 3.1 For definitions of terms relating to Pile Floor Coverings,
Fabric Count of Knitted Fabrics 13
D13.21, refer to Terminology D5684.
Length of Woven Fabrics 11
3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:
Mass per Unit Area (Weight) of Woven Fabrics 14
Shrinkage—Hot Wet Method 17 backing fabric, carpet, dents per unit width, extractable matter,
Shrinkage—Hot Dry Method 18
finished, finished pile yarn floor covering, floor covering,
Width of Woven Fabrics 10
nonwoven fabric, pile, pile yarn floor covering, shrinkage,
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
textile floor covering, tufted fabric, wale, wires per unit width.
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.2 For all other terminology related to textiles, refer to
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
Terminology D123.
and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the 4. Summary of Test Methods, General
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 Asummary of the directions prescribed for the determi-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
nationofspecificpropertiesisstatedintheappropriatesections
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
of specific test methods.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents
5.1 These test methods may be used for acceptance testing
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
of commercial shipments; however, caution is advised because
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
information about between interlaboratory precision is incom-
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
plete. Comparative tests as directed in 5.1.1 may be advisable.
D2257 Test Method for Extractable Matter in Textiles
5.1.1 If there are differences of practical significance be-
D3773 Test Methods for Length of Woven Fabric
tween reported test results for two laboratories (or more),
D3774 Test Method for Width of Textile Fabric
comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is
D3775 Test Method forWarp (End) and Filling (Pick) Count
statistical bias between them using competent statistical assis-
of Woven Fabrics
tance. As a minimum, use test samples for such comparative
teststhatareashomogeneousaspossible,drawnfromthesame
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on
lot of material as the samples that resulted in the disparate
Textiles and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.21 on Pile Floor
results during initial testing, and that are randomly assigned in
Coverings.
equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The test results
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2011. Published September 2011. Originally
from the laboratories should be compared using statistical test
approved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D2646 – 05. DOI:
10.1520/D2646-11.
for unpaired data at a probability level chosen prior to the
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
testing series. If a bias is found either its cause must be found
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
and corrected, or future test results for that material must be
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. adjusted in consideration of the known bias.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D2
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D2646–05 Designation:D2646–11
Standard Test Methods for
1
Backing Fabric Characteristics of Pile Yarn Floor Coverings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2646; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 Thesetestmethodscovertheprocedureslistedasfollowsfortestingwoven,knittedandnonwovenbackingfabricsdesigned
for use in the manufacture of pile yarn floor coverings. The procedures appear in the following order:
Section
Bow and Skewness of Woven Fabrics 8
Breaking Force of Woven and Nonwoven Fabrics 15
Breaking Force After Tufting of Woven and Nonwoven Fabrics 16
Extractable Matter 9
Fabric Count of Woven Fabrics 12
Fabric Count of Knitted Fabrics 13
Length of Woven Fabrics 11
Mass per Unit Area (Weight) of Woven Fabrics 14
Shrinkage—Hot Wet Method 17
Shrinkage—Hot Dry Method 18
Width of Woven Fabrics 10
1.2The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in inch-pound units are provided as information only
and are not exact equivalents. In case of referee decisions, the SI units will prevail.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
D2257 Test Method for Extractable Matter in Textiles
D3773 Test Methods for Length of Woven Fabric
D3774 Test Method for Width of Textile Fabric
D3775 Test Method for Warp (End) and Filling (Pick) Count of Woven Fabrics
D3776 Test Methods for Mass Per Unit Area (Weight) of Fabric
D3882 Test Method for Bow and Skew in Woven and Knitted Fabrics
D3887 Specification for Tolerances for Knitted Fabrics
D5034 Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)
D5684 Terminology Relating to Pile Floor Coverings
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms relating to Pile Floor Coverings, D13.21, refer to Terminology D5684.
3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard: backing fabric, carpet, dents per unit width, extractable matter, finished,
finished pile yarn floor covering, floor covering, nonwoven fabric, pile, pile yarn floor covering, shrinkage, textile floor covering,
tufted fabric, wale, wires per unit width.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.21 on Pile Floor Coverings.
Current edition approved MarchAug. 1, 2005.2011. Published April 2005.September 2011. Originally approved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 20022005 as
D2646 – 025. DOI: 10.1520/D2646-05.10.1520/D2646-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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D2646–11
3.2 For all other terminology related to textiles, refer to Terminology D123.
4. Summary of Test Methods, General
4.1 A summary of the directions prescribed for the determination of specific properties is stated in the appropriate sections of
specific test methods.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 These test methods may be used for acceptance testing of commercial shipments; however, caution is advised because
information about between interlaboratory precision is incomplete. Comparative tests as directed in 5.1.1 may be advisable.
5.1.1 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative
tests should be performed to determine if there is statistical bias between them using competent statistical assistance. As a
minimum, use test samples for such compa
...
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