ASTM D6141-97

Standard Guide for Screening the Clay Portion of a Geosynthetic Clay Liner (GCL) for Chemical Compatibility to Liquids

SCOPE
1.1 This guide suggests procedures and test methods that can be used in the evaluation of the ability of the clay portion of a geosynthetic clay liner to resist change due to exposure to liquids. These liquids may come from a site, or be generated in a laboratory from a site-specific soil.  
1.2 The scope of this guide is limited to short-term screening and is not intended to replace evaluation procedures that measure a performance property such as EPA 9100. Test Method D 5887, or other suitable ASTM standards as they become available.  
1.3 This guide applies to the clay component of a GCL. The synthetic carrier components are covered independently as described in Practice D 5322.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-May-1997
• ICS: 65.020.40 - Landscaping and silviculture
• ICS: 91.100.50 - Binders. Sealing materials
• Technical Committee: D35 - Geosynthetics
• Drafting Committee: D35.04 - Geosynthetic Clay Liners

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D6141-97(2004) - Standard Guide for Screening Clay Portion of Geosynthetic Clay Liner (GCL) for Chemical Compatibility to Liquids
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2004

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: D 6141 – 97
Standard Guide for
Screening the Clay Portion of a Geosynthetic Clay Liner
(GCL) for Chemical Compatibility to Liquids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6141; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope EPA Test Method 9100 Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity,
Saturated Leachate Conductivity, and Intrinsic Permeabil-
1.1 This guide suggests procedures and test methods that
ity
can be used in the evaluation of the ability of the clay portion
of a geosynthetic clay liner to resist change due to exposure to
3. Terminology
liquids. These liquids may come from a site, or be generated in
3.1 Definitions:
a laboratory from a site-specific soil.
3.1.1 geosynthetic clay liner (GCL), n—a manufactured
1.2 The scope of this guide is limited to short-term screen-
hydraulic barrier consisting of clay bonded to a layer or layers
ing and is not intended to replace evaluation procedures that
of geosynthetics.
measure a performance property such as EPA 9100, Test
3.1.2 test liquid, n—within this guide, a liquid either sup-
Method D 5887, or other suitable ASTM standards as they
plied to, or obtained by the testing laboratory, or generated by
become available.
the testing laboratory through prolonged contact of a reagent
1.3 This guide applies to the clay component of a GCL. The
with a test soil or other solid material.
synthetic carrier components are covered independently as
3.2 Other definitions may be found in the referenced Ter-
described in Practice D 5322.
minologies D 4439 and D 653.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Significance and Use
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 This guide is intended as a starting place for those
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
wishing to investigate the chemical compatibility of the clay
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
portion of a geosynthetic clay liner to test liquids. Within the
2. Referenced Documents scope of this guide, the clay portion of a geosynthetic clay liner
that is chemically compatible with a test liquid may be
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2 expected to maintain its swelling characteristics. Conversely,
D 653 Terminology for Soils
3 the clay portion of a geosynthetic clay liner that is incompatible
D 4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
with a test liquid may be expected not to maintain its swelling
D 5322 Practice for Evaluating the Chemical Resistance of
3 characteristics. In instances where the compatibility of the clay
Geosynthetics to Liquids
portion of a GCL is questionable, additional hydraulic testing
D 5887 Test Method for Measurement of Index Flux
under the expected site conditions may be warranted.
Through Saturated Geosynthetic Clay Liner Specimens
Using Flexible Wall Permeameter
5. Apparatus
D 5890 Test Method for Swell Index of the Clay Mineral
3 5.1 Refer to the appropriate evaluation test standards for a
Component of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
description of the apparatus necessary to perform those tests.
D 5891 Test Method for Fluid Loss of Clay Component of
3 5.2 Containers, manufactured of a chemically resistant
Geosynthetic Clay Liners
material, such as polyethylene or stainless steel, may be needed
D 6072 Guide for Obtaining Samples of Geosynthetic Clay
3 to prepare and contain test liquid generated from soils. The
Liners
containers should be sealable to prevent the loss of volatile
2.2 Other Document:
constituents. Separate containers will be needed for mixing
batches and storing the test liquid for the tests.
5.3 Mixer, motor driven, capable of forming a slurry of the
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-35 on Geosynthetic
soil and the leaching fluid.
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.04 on Geosynthetic Clay
Liners.
Current edition approved May 10, 1997. Published October 1997.
2 4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.08. Available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.13. Office, Washington, DC 20402.
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D6141–97
NOTE 1—It may be impossible to mix some soils to the extent
8.2 Conduct another series of tests for fluid loss and swell
previously described. In such cases, other means of exposing the soil to
index in accordance with Test Methods D 5890 and D 5891,
the leaching fluid should be agreed upon between the parties involved.
utilizing either a site-specific liquid, or a test liquid generated
from a soil.
6. Sampling
6.1 Test liquid or soil samples from a site should be
NOTE 6—If the site liquid or laboratory-generated test liquid is not
representative of the whole.
transparent enough to allow the level of swell to be determined in
accordance with Test Method D 5890, then Test Method D 5891 becomes
NOTE 2—Materials that contain or are suspected to contain hazardous
the sole screening t
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