ASTM D6141-97(2004)

Standard Guide for Screening Clay Portion of Geosynthetic Clay Liner (GCL) for Chemical Compatibility to Liquids

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This guide is intended as a starting place for those wishing to investigate the chemical compatibility of the clay portion of a geosynthetic clay liner to test liquids. Within the scope of this guide, the clay portion of a geosynthetic clay liner that is chemically compatible with a test liquid may be expected to maintain its swelling characteristics. Conversely, the clay portion of a geosynthetic clay liner that is incompatible with a test liquid may be expected not to maintain its swelling characteristics. In instances where the compatibility of the clay portion of a GCL is questionable, additional hydraulic testing under the expected site conditions may be warranted.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers procedures and test methods that can be used in the evaluation of the ability of the clay portion of a geosynthetic clay liner to resist change due to exposure to liquids. These liquids may come from a site, or be generated in a laboratory from a site-specific soil.
1.2 The scope of this guide is limited to short-term screening and is not intended to replace evaluation procedures that measure a performance property such as EPA 9100, Test Method D 5887, or other suitable ASTM standards as they become available.
1.3 This guide applies to the clay component of a GCL. The synthetic carrier components are covered independently as described in Practice D 5322.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2004
• ICS: 65.020.40 - Landscaping and silviculture
• ICS: 91.100.50 - Binders. Sealing materials
• Technical Committee: D35 - Geosynthetics
• Drafting Committee: D35.04 - Geosynthetic Clay Liners

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D6141-97 - Standard Guide for Screening the Clay Portion of a Geosynthetic Clay Liner (GCL) for Chemical Compatibility to Liquids
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2004
• Replaced By: ASTM D6141-09 - Standard Guide for Screening Clay Portion of Geosynthetic Clay Liner (GCL) for Chemical Compatibility to Liquids
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation:D6141–97 (Reapproved 2004)
Standard Guide for
Screening Clay Portion of Geosynthetic Clay Liner (GCL) for
Chemical Compatibility to Liquids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6141; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D5891 Test Method for Fluid Loss of Clay Component of
Geosynthetic Clay Liners
1.1 This guide covers procedures and test methods that can
D6072 Practice for Obtaining Samples of Geosynthetic
be used in the evaluation of the ability of the clay portion of a
Clay Liners
geosynthetic clay liner to resist change due to exposure to
2.2 Other Document:
liquids. These liquids may come from a site, or be generated in
EPA Test Method 9100 Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity,
a laboratory from a site-specific soil.
Saturated Leachate Conductivity, and Intrinsic Permeabil-
1.2 The scope of this guide is limited to short-term screen-
ity
ing and is not intended to replace evaluation procedures that
measure a performance property such as EPA 9100, Test
3. Terminology
Method D5887,or other suitable ASTM standards as they
3.1 Definitions:
become available.
3.1.1 geosynthetic clay liner (GCL), n—a manufactured
1.3 This guide applies to the clay component of a GCL.The
hydraulic barrier consisting of clay bonded to a layer or layers
synthetic carrier components are covered independently as
of geosynthetics.
described in Practice D5322.
3.1.2 test liquid, n—within this guide, a liquid either sup-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
plied to, or obtained by the testing laboratory, or generated by
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the testing laboratory through prolonged contact of a reagent
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
with a test soil or other solid material.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2 Other definitions may be found in the referenced Ter-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
minologies D4439 and D653.
2. Referenced Documents
4. Significance and Use
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 This guide is intended as a starting place for those
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
wishing to investigate the chemical compatibility of the clay
Fluids
portion of a geosynthetic clay liner to test liquids. Within the
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
scope of this guide, the clay portion of a geosynthetic clay liner
D5322 Practice for Laboratory Immersion Procedures for
that is chemically compatible with a test liquid may be
Evaluating the Chemical Resistance of Geosynthetics to
expected to maintain its swelling characteristics. Conversely,
Liquids
theclayportionofageosyntheticclaylinerthatisincompatible
D5887 Test Method for Measurement of Index Flux
with a test liquid may be expected not to maintain its swelling
Through Saturated Geosynthetic Clay Liner Specimens
characteristics. In instances where the compatibility of the clay
Using a Flexible Wall Permeameter
portion of a GCL is questionable, additional hydraulic testing
D5890 Test Method for Swell Index of Clay Mineral
under the expected site conditions may be warranted.
Component of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
5. Apparatus
5.1 Refer to the appropriate evaluation test standards for a
This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D35 on Geosynthetics
description of the apparatus necessary to perform those tests.
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.04 on Geosynthetic Clay
5.2 Containers, manufactured of a chemically resistant
Liners.
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2004.PublishedJuly2004.Originallyapproved material, such as polyethylene or stainless steel, may be needed
in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as D6141 - 97. DOI: 10.1520/
to prepare and contain test liquid generated from soils. The
D6141-97R04.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
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D6141–97 (2004)
containers should be sealable to prevent the loss of volatile 8. Evaluating the Clay Portion of the Geosynthetic Clay
constituents. Separate containers will be needed for mixing Liner
batches and storing the test liquid for the tests.
8.1 Conduct baseline testing of the clay portion of the
5.3 Mixer, motor driven, capable of forming a slurry of the
geosynthetic clay liner for fluid loss and swell index in
soil and the leaching fluid.
accordance with Test Methods D5890 and D5891.
8.2 Conduct another series of tests for fluid loss and swell
NOTE 1—It may be impossible to mix some soils to the extent
index in accordance with Test Methods D5890 and D5891,
previously described. In such cases, other means of exposing the soil to
the leaching fluid should be agreed upon between the parties involved.
utilizing either a site-specific liquid, or a test liquid generate
...