ASTM F2881/F2881M-21e1

Standard Specification for 12 to 60 in. [300 to 1500 mm] Polypropylene (PP) Dual Wall Pipe and Fittings for Non-Pressure Storm Sewer Applications

ABSTRACT
This specification covers test methods and requirements for dual wall polypropylene pipe and fittings. These requirements are intended to provide pipe and fittings suitable for underground use for nonpressure storm sewer systems. This specification also covers pipe and fittings with an interior smooth wall and an annular corrugated profile outer wall.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for dual wall polypropylene pipe and fittings. The nominal inside diameters covered are 12 to 60 in. [300 to 1500 mm].  
1.2 The requirements of this specification are intended to provide pipe and fittings suitable for underground use for non-pressure storm sewer systems. Pipe and fittings produced in accordance with this specification shall be installed in compliance with Practice D2321.  
1.3 This specification covers pipe and fittings with an interior smooth wall and an annular corrugated profile outer wall (Fig. 1).
FIG. 1 Interior Smooth Wall and an Annular Corrugated Profile Outer Wall  
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 The following precautionary statement caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2021
• ICS: 23.040.20 - Plastics pipes
• ICS: 23.040.45 - Plastics fittings
• Technical Committee: F17 - Plastic Piping Systems
• Drafting Committee: F17.62 - Sewer

Relations

• Refers: ASTM D4101-24 - Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for Polypropylene Injection and Extrusion Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2024
• Refers: ASTM D1238-23a - Standard Test Method for Melt Flow Rates of Thermoplastics by Extrusion Plastometer
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM F412-20 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2020
• Refers: ASTM D2321-20 - Standard Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applications
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-2020
• Refers: ASTM D4218-20 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Carbon Black Content in Polyethylene Compounds by the Muffle-Furnace Technique
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2020
• Refers: ASTM F412-19 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2019
• Refers: ASTM D2321-18 - Standard Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2018
• Refers: ASTM D1600-18 - Standard Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics (Withdrawn 2024)
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2018
• Refers: ASTM D2444-17 - Standard Practice for Determination of the Impact Resistance of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of a Tup (Falling Weight)
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2017
• Refers: ASTM F412-17a - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2017
• Refers: ASTM D790-17 - Standard Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2017
• Refers: ASTM D2990-17 - Standard Test Methods for Tensile, Compressive, and Flexural Creep and Creep-Rupture of Plastics
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2017
• Refers: ASTM F412-17 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2017
• Refers: ASTM F412-16a - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2016
• Refers: ASTM F412-16 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2016

Overview

ASTM F2881/F2881M-21e1 is the internationally recognized standard specification for 12 to 60 inch [300 to 1500 mm] polypropylene (PP) dual wall pipe and fittings, designed for underground, non-pressure storm sewer applications. Developed by ASTM International, this standard establishes minimum requirements for materials, dimensions, physical properties, and performance testing methods for dual wall pipes with an interior smooth wall and an annular corrugated outer wall. Commonly used for managing stormwater in municipal, commercial, and infrastructure projects, this specification is essential for ensuring durability, proper performance, and compatibility in storm sewer systems.

Key Topics

• Material Requirements: The standard specifies the use of high-quality polypropylene compounds, including requirements for color, ultraviolet stabilization, and allowable use of rework plastics from the manufacturer’s own production. Elastomeric seals and gaskets must comply with referenced ASTM standards to ensure watertight and silt-tight joint integrity.
• Pipe Construction: Covered products have a smooth interior wall for efficient flow and a corrugated exterior wall for structural strength. Pipes are manufactured in sizes with nominal inside diameters from 12 to 60 inches [300 to 1500 mm].
• Classification and Stiffness: Pipes are classified as either Class I or Class II, with designated minimum pipe stiffness values required at 5% deflection to accommodate various loading conditions.
• Joint Types: The standard outlines performance criteria for silt-tight and watertight joints, including bell/spigot connections using gaskets or geotextile wraps for enhanced system integrity.
• Perforations and Fittings: Options for perforated pipe are covered, specifying dimensions, locations, and minimum inlet areas. Fabricated fittings and their joining systems must be supplied or recommended by the pipe manufacturer to ensure consistent performance.

Applications

ASTM F2881/F2881M-21e1 pipes and fittings are suitable for a wide range of underground non-pressure storm sewer systems, such as:

• Municipal Stormwater Management: Used for the collection, conveyance, and drainage of stormwater in cities and towns.
• Transportation Infrastructure: Applied in highways, bridges, and roadways for subsurface drainage systems and culvert installations.
• Commercial and Residential Development: Ideal for site drainage solutions where robust, lightweight, and corrosion-resistant piping is required.
• Water Management Projects: Effective in agricultural drainage, retention and detention basins, and other applications where controlling surface runoff is crucial.

These polypropylene pipes are valued for their durability, chemical resistance, and installation flexibility, offering a cost-effective alternative to traditional materials such as concrete or metal. Their design ensures efficient hydraulic flow, minimal maintenance, and a long service life, particularly for gravity flow, non-pressure applications.

Related Standards

Several widely adopted standards are referenced within ASTM F2881/F2881M-21e1 to ensure product quality and installation performance:

• ASTM D2321: Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applications
• ASTM F477: Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe
• ASTM D3212: Specification for Joints for Drain and Sewer Plastic Pipes Using Flexible Elastomeric Seals
• AASHTO M288: Geotextile Specification for Highway Applications
• AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, Section 12: Structural design requirements for buried structures

By complying with ASTM F2881/F2881M-21e1, manufacturers, engineers, and contractors can be confident in the structural integrity, performance, and long-term reliability of polypropylene dual wall pipes and fittings for stormwater management projects, aligning with internationally recognized industry best practices.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
´1
Designation: F2881/F2881M −21
Standard Specification for
12 to 60 in. [300 to 1500 mm] Polypropylene (PP) Dual Wall
Pipe and Fittings for Non-Pressure Storm Sewer
Applications
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF2881/F2881M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Section 6.1 was editorially corrected in October 2021.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods
A666 Specification forAnnealed or Cold-WorkedAustenitic
for dual wall polypropylene pipe and fittings. The nominal
Stainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Flat Bar
inside diameters covered are 12 to 60 in. [300 to 1500 mm].
D256 Test Methods for Determining the Izod Pendulum
1.2 The requirements of this specification are intended to
Impact Resistance of Plastics
provide pipe and fittings suitable for underground use for
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
non-pressure storm sewer systems. Pipe and fittings produced
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
in accordance with this specification shall be installed in
D790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced
compliance with Practice D2321.
and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-
1.3 This specification covers pipe and fittings with an als
interior smooth wall and an annular corrugated profile outer D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
wall (Fig. 1). tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
D1238 Test Method for Melt Flow Rates of Thermoplastics
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-
by Extrusion Plastometer
pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The
D1505 Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-
values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;
Gradient Technique
therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindependentlyoftheother.
D1600 Terminology forAbbreviatedTerms Relating to Plas-
Combining values from the two systems may result in non-
tics
conformance with the standard.
D2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-
1.5 The following precautionary statement caveat pertains
moplastic Pipe and Fittings
only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this specification.
D2321 PracticeforUndergroundInstallationofThermoplas-
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety
tic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applications
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
D2412 Test Method for Determination of External Loading
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety,
Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading
health, and environmental practices and determine the appli-
D2444 Practice for Determination of the Impact Resistance
cability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of a Tup
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
(Falling Weight)
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
D2990 Test Methods for Tensile, Compressive, and Flexural
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Creep and Creep-Rupture of Plastics
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
D3212 Specification for Joints for Drain and Sewer Plastic
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Pipes Using Flexible Elastomeric Seals
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
D3895 Test Method for Oxidative-Induction Time of Poly-
olefins by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F17 on Plastic
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.62 on Sewer. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved May 1, 2021. Published June 2021. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as F2881–19. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/F2881–21E01. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
F2881/F2881M − 21
FIG. 1 Interior Smooth Wall and an Annular Corrugated Profile Outer Wall
D4101 Classification System and Basis for Specification for 3. Terminology
Polypropylene Injection and Extrusion Materials
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Termi-
D4218 Test Method for Determination of Carbon Black
nology F412 and abbreviations are in accordance with Termi-
Content in Polyethylene Compounds by the Muffle-
nologyD1600,unlessotherwisespecified.Theabbreviationfor
Furnace Technique
polypropylene is PP.
D4389/D4389M Specification for Finished Glass Fabrics
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Woven From Rovings
3.2.1 dual wall, n—In this case, the dual pipe wall construc-
D5630 Test Method for Ash Content in Plastics
tion provides an interior wall in the waterway and includes
D6992 Test Method for Accelerated Tensile Creep and
ribs, corrugations, or other shapes, which can be either solid or
Creep-Rupture of Geosynthetic Materials Based on Time-
hollow, that helps brace the pipe against diametrical deforma-
Temperature Superposition Using the Stepped Isothermal
tion.
Method
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems 3.2.2 silt-tight joint, n—Joint that prevents the passage of
silt or soil, does not restrict water passage.
F477 Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Join-
ing Plastic Pipe
3.2.3 water-tight joint, n—Joint that retrains the passage of
water to not exceed a specified limit.
2.2 AASHTO Standard:
LRFD, Section 12 AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifi-
4. Classification
cations Section 12 – Buried Structures and Tunnel Liners
M288 Geotextile Specification for Highway Applications
4.1 Pipe manufactured in accordance with this specification
2.3 Federal/Military Standards: shall be of two classes identified as Class I or Class II. The
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies) corresponding pipe stiffness requirements are prescribed in
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage Table 1.
5. Ordering Information
5.1 Orders for product made to this specification shall
include the following information to adequately describe the
Available from American Association of State Highway and Transportation
desired product:
Officials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001,
5.1.1 This ASTM designation and year of issue,
http://www.transportation.org.
Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave.,
Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil.
TABLE 1 Pipe Stiffness and Pipe Dimensions
Nominal Minimum Minimum Minimum Minimum Class I Class II
Size Inside Inner Liner Valley Crown
Minimum Pipe Minimum Pipe
Diameter Thickness Thickness Thickness
Stiffness at 5 % Stiffness at 5 %
Deflection Deflection
in. [mm] in. [mm] in. [mm] in. [mm] lb/in./in. [kPa] lb/in./in. [kPa]
12 11.82 [300] 0.045 [1.1] 0.103 [2.6] 0.052 [1.3] 70 [482] . .
15 14.78 [375] 0.050 [1.3] 0.126 [3.2] 0.068 [1.7] 60 [413] . .
18 17.73 [450] 0.055 [1.4] 0.132 [3.4] 0.074 [1.9] 56 [386] . .
24 23.64 [600] 0.060 [1.5] 0.144 [3.7] 0.093 [2.4] 50 [344] . .
30 29.55 [751] 0.065 [1.7] 0.148 [3.8] 0.108 [2.7] 46 [317] . .
36 35.46 [901] 0.070 [1.8] 0.153 [3.9] 0.132 [3.4] 40 [275] 46 [317]
42 41.37 [1051] 0.070 [1.8] 0.158 [4.0] 0.160 [4.1] 35 [241] 46 [317]
48 47.28 [1201] 0.072 [1.8] 0.179 [4.6] 0.165 [4.2] 30 [206] 46 [317]
54 53.19 [1351] 0.078 [2.0] 0.194 [4.9] 0.178 [4.5] 26 [175] 46 [317]
60 59.10 [1501] 0.085 [2.2] 0.215 [5.5] 0.180 [4.6] 25 [170] 46 [317]
´1
F2881/F2881M − 21
5.1.2 Diameters, 6.5 Lubricant—The lubricant used for assembly of gasketed
5.1.3 Pipe Class, joints shall have no detrimental effect on the gasket or the pipe.
5.1.4 Total footage of each pipe diameter involved,
6.6 Optional Bell Retaining Bands—Bell retaining bands, if
5.1.5 Pipe laying length,
used, shall meet the requirements in 7.11.4 and shall be made
5.1.6 Joint requirements
ofcorrosiveresistantmaterialssuchasfiberglass(Specification
5.1.7 Fitting type(s):
D4389/D4389M) or stainless steel (Specification A666).
5.1.7.1 Size and type of fittings, including mainline and
6.6.1 The Specification D4389/D4389M fiberglass roving
branch diameters, and
shall be an E type glass, free of any alkali, dirt or other
5.1.7.2 Number of fittings per diameter.
impurities. The band shall consist of a continuous, overlapping
filament fiber and not a fabric.
6. Materials and Manufacture
NOTE 3—Compound and material properties are typically tested to
6.1 Pipe and Fabricated Fittings—Polypropylene
validate a formulation; they are not routine quality assurance tests. Users
Compounds—Polypropylene compounds used in the manufac-
requiring such testing for quality assurance purposes should insert these
ture of the dual wall pipe and fittings shall have the minimum criteria in their project specifications.
properties as shown in Table 2. Polypropylene compounds
7. General Requirements
shall be comprised of the base copolymer polypropylene virgin
7.1 Workmanship—The pipe and fittings shall be homoge-
resin and all additives, colorants, process aids, modifiers, UV
neous throughout and be as uniform as commercially practical
inhibitors and stabilizers. Conditioning, sampling, preparation
in color, opacity, and density. The pipe walls shall be free of
and testing of molded specimens shall be in accordance with
cracks, holes, blisters, voids, foreign inclusions, or other
the requirements in Specification D4101. Compounds shall be
defects that are visible to the naked eye and that may affect the
tested and validated on an annual basis or for any new
wall integrity. The ends shall be cut cleanly and squarely
formulations. Compounds that have higher performance prop-
through valleys.
erties shall be permitted provided the density of the final
3 3
7.1.1 Visible defects, cracks, creases, splits, in pipe are not
formulation shall not exceed 0.0509 lb/in (1.410 g⁄cm ) and
permissible.
all other product requirements are met.
7.2 Dimensions and Tolerance:
NOTE 1—Stress-cracking has not been shown to be a concern with
7.2.1 Nominal Size—The nominal size for the pipe and
polypropylene resins, so no slow-crack growth test protocol has been
developed for assessing it. fittings is shown in Table 1.
6.2 Color and Ultraviolet Stabilization for Pipe and Fabri-
7.3 Inside Diameter—The manufacturer’s stated inside di-
cated Fittings—The pipe shall be colored or black. Black
ameter shall not vary by more than 6 1%.
polypropylene compounds shall have between 2.0 and 3.0
7.4 Laying Length—Thepipeshallbesuppliedinanylaying
percent carbon black when tested in accordance with the
length agreeable to both the owner and the manufacturer.
procedures in Test Method D4218 or in combination with Test
Laying length shall not be less than 99 % of stated quantity
Method D5630. Colored polypropylene compounds shall be
when measured in accordance with 8.3.2.
protected from Ultraviolet (UV) degradation with UV stabiliz-
7.5 Minimum Inside Diameter—The minimum inside diam-
ers.
eter shall be as shown in Table 1 when measured in accordance
NOTE 2—Pipe users should consult with the pipe manufacturer about
with 7.3. In no case shall the manufacturer’s inside diameter,
the outdoor exposure life of the product under consideration.
including 1% tolerance, be less than the minimum inside
6.3 Rework Plastic—Clean polypropylene rework plastic,
diameter.
generated from the manufacturer’s own production of the
NOTE 4—Inside pipe diameters may differ from one manufacturer to
product and having the same minimum physical properties,
another; therefore, each manufacturer establishes inside pipe diameters
may be used by the manufacturer, provided that the pipe
and applies the manufacturing tolerance. The minimum inside diameter is
produced meets all the requirements of this specification.
used for hydraulic calculations.
6.4 Elastomeric Seal Materials—Elastomeric compounds
7.6 Minimum Wall, Crown, Valley and Liner Thickness—
and thermoplastic elastomeric compounds used in the manu- The minimum thickness of pipe sections shall meet the
facture of sealing rings or gaskets shall meet the requirements
requirements given in Table 1 when measured in accordance
of Specification F477. with 8.3.3.
TABLE 2 Polypropylene Compound Properties
Property ASTM Test Method Units [SI Units] Minimum Value
Melt Flow Rate D1238 g/10 min 0.25 at 230 °C
3 3
Density D792, D1505 lb/in. [g/cm ] 0.0325 [0.900]
Tensile Strength at Yield D638 psi [N/mm ] 3500 [24]
Elongation at Yield D638 %[%] 5[5]
Flexural Modulus (1 % secant) D790 Procedure B psi [N/mm ] 175 000 [1200]
2 2
IZOD Impact Strength (73 °F [23 °C]) D256 ft-lb/in. [kJ/m ] 23.8 [50]
Oxidative-Induction Time (392 °F [200 °C]) D3895 min 25
´1
F2881/F2881M − 21
NOTE 5—The outside diameters and the corrugation pitch of products
with 8.6 and examined under normal light and the unaided eye.
manufactured to this specification are not specified; therefore, compatibil-
The minimum pipe impact strength at 73 °F [23 °C] shall be
ity between pipe and fittings made to this specification from different
140 ft-lbf [190 J].
manufacturers should be verified.
NOTE 8—Discoloration or “whitening” of the pipe during pipe flatten-
7.7 Pipe Class—The pipe shall be manufactured to either
ing and impact tests is normal and does not represent a failure criteria for
the Class I or Class II pipe stiffness requirements given in
either test.
Table 1. Unless otherwise specified by the owner/designer, the
7.11 Fabricated Fittings and Joining Systems:
pipe shall meet the requirements of Class I given in Table 1.
7.11.1 Only fabricated fittings and joining systems supplied
7.8 Pipe Stiffness—Minimum pipe stiffness at 5 % deflec-
or recommended by the pipe manufacturer shall be used.
tion shall meet the requirements given in Table 1 when tested
Fabricatedfittingsshallmeetthesamematerialrequirementsas
in accordance with 8.4.
thepipeandbeproducedfrompipehavingthesamePipeClass
NOTE 6—The 5 % deflection criterion, which was selected for testing
as specified in Table 1 and shall be installed in accordance with
convenience, is not a limitation with respect to in-use deflection. The
the manufacturer’s recommendations
engineer is responsible for establishing the acceptable deflection limit.
NOTE 9—Fittings may be fabricated from the pipe by a variety of
7.9 Pipe Flattening—There shall be no evidence of
processes including hot plate welding, spin welding or other processes.
splitting, cracking, breaking, separation of seams, separation of
the outer and inner wall, or combinations thereof, when tested 7.11.2 The joining system(s) shall be of a design that
in accordance with 8.5. Additionally, at or below the average preserves alignment at the joints while maintaining the speci-
deflection limit defined in Eq 1 for dual wall profiles the fied level of watertight requirements in accordance with7.11.3.
specimen shall be considered as failing this test when the load
7.11.3 Pipe and fittings shall be specified in 5.1.6 and have
does not increase continuously with increasing deflection.
either silt-tight bell/spigot joints that utilize a gasket that
Average Buckling Deflection Limit:
complies with the requirements of Specification F477 or
watertight bell/spigot joint that complies with the laboratory
D
∆ 5 1.07 %· (1)
S D
tests defined and described in Specification D3212 and utilizes
0.5 D 2 D
~ !
o i
a gasket that complies with the requirements of Specification
where:
F477. It is permissible to supply silt-tight bell/spigot joints
∆ = minimum buckling deflection limit (%)
withgeotextilewrappingmeetingtherequirementsofM288in
D = mean diameter (centroid) of pipe (in.
lieu of a rubber gasket. Note that special provisions must be
[mm])
taken in order to join field cut pipe that must have watertight
0.5 (D –D ) = height of the corrugation (outside diameter
o i joints meeting the requirements of Specification D3212.
minus inside diameter) (in. [mm])
NOTE 10—Specification D3212 testing only confirms laboratory short-
NOTE 7—Eq 1 is based on the results from NCHRP Report 631 and is
term watertight integrity of the joint design. If long-term watertight
defined as being derived from the standard parallel plate test equation and
performance is required, field testing of the joint should be conducted a
modifiedforpolypropylene.Thevaluesforthediametermeasurementsare
minimum 30-days after installation. This testing assesses the impact of
based on each producer’s specific corrugation dimensions.
long-term material properties and installation quality.
7.10 Pipe Impact Strength—There shall be no evidence of
7.11.4 Optional retaining bands, when used and tested in
splitting, cracking, breaking, separation of seams, separation of
accordance with 7.11.3, shall show no signs of cracking,
the outer and inner wall, or combinations thereof, when
separation, splitting or delamination from the pipe during this
conditioned in accordance with 8.1 and tested in accordance
test.
7.12 Perforations—Perforations shall be cleanly cut and
shall be placed only in the valley of the corrugation rib, and
National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 631:
Updated Test and Design Methods for Thermoplastic Drainage Pipe.
uniformly spaced along the length and circumference of the
DOI: 10.17226/23045
TABLE 3 Perforation and Dimensi
...