ASTM D1587/D1587M-15
(Practice)Standard Practice for Thin-Walled Tube Sampling of Fine-Grained Soils for Geotechnical Purposes (Withdrawn 2024)
Standard Practice for Thin-Walled Tube Sampling of Fine-Grained Soils for Geotechnical Purposes (Withdrawn 2024)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Thin-walled tube samples are used for obtaining intact specimens of fine-grained soils for laboratory tests to determine engineering properties of soils (strength, compressibility, permeability, and density). Fig. 2 shows the use of the sampler in a drill hole. Typical sizes of thin-walled tubes are shown on Table 1. The most commonly used tube is the 3-in. [75 mm] diameter. This tube can provide intact samples for most laboratory tests; however some tests may require larger diameter tubes. Tubes with a diameter of 2 in. [50 mm] are rarely used as they often do not provide specimens of sufficient size for most laboratory testing.1.5(A) The three diameters recommended in Table 2 are indicated for purposes of standardization, and are not intended to indicate that sampling tubes of intermediate or larger diameters are not acceptable. Lengths of tubes shown are illustrative. Proper lengths to be determined as suited to field conditions. Wall thickness may be changed (5.2.1, 6.3.2). Bwg is Birmingham Wire Gauge (Specification A513/A513M).
5.1.1 Soil samples must undergo some degree of disturbance because the process of subsurface soil sampling subjects the soil to irreversible changes in stresses during sampling, extrusion if performed, and upon removal of confining stresses. However, if this practice is used properly, soil samples suitable for laboratory testing can be procured. Soil samples inside the tubes can be readily evaluated for disturbance or other features such as presence of fissures, inclusions, layering or voids using X-ray radiography (D4452) if facilities are available. Field extrusion and inspection of the soil core can also help evaluate sample quality.
5.1.2 Experience and research has shown that larger diameter samples (5 in. [125 mm]) result in reduced disturbance and provide larger soil cores available for testing. Agencies such as the U.S Army Corps of Engineers and US Bureau of Reclamation use 5-in. [125-mm] diameter samplers on large e...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for using a thin-walled metal tube to recover intact soil samples suitable for laboratory tests of engineering properties, such as strength, compressibility, permeability, and density. This practice provides guidance on proper sampling equipment, procedures, and sample quality evaluation that are used to obtain intact samples suitable for laboratory testing.
1.2 This practice is limited to fine-grained soils that can be penetrated by the thin-walled tube. This sampling method is not recommended for sampling soils containing coarse sand, gravel, or larger size soil particles, cemented, or very hard soils. Other soil samplers may be used for sampling these soil types. Such samplers include driven split barrel samplers and soil coring devices (Test Methods D1586, D3550, and Practice D6151). For information on appropriate use of other soil samplers refer to Practice D6169.
1.3 This practice is often used in conjunction with rotary drilling (Practice D1452 and Guides D5783 and D6286) or hollow-stem augers (Practice D6151). Subsurface geotechnical explorations should be reported in accordance with Practice D5434. This practice discusses some aspects of sample preservation after the sampling event. For more information on preservation and transportation process of soil samples, consult Practice D4220.
1.4 This practice may not address special considerations for environmental or marine sampling; consult Practices D6169 and D3213 for information on sampling for environmental and marine explorations.
1.5 Thin-walled tubes meeting requirements of 6.3 can also be used in piston samplers, or inner liners of double tube push or rotary-type soil core samplers (Pitcher barrel, Practice D6169). Piston samplers in Practice D6519 use thin-walled tubes.
1.6 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026, ...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D1587/D1587M − 15
Standard Practice for
Thin-Walled Tube Sampling of Fine-Grained Soils for
1
Geotechnical Purposes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1587/D1587M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 1.6 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the
guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for using a thin-walled
Practice D6026, unless superseded by this standard.
metal tube to recover intact soil samples suitable for laboratory
tests of engineering properties, such as strength, 1.7 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing
compressibility, permeability, and density. This practice pro- one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace
videsguidanceonpropersamplingequipment,procedures,and educationorexperienceandshouldbeusedinconjunctionwith
samplequalityevaluationthatareusedtoobtainintactsamples professional judgment. Not all aspects of this practice may be
suitable for laboratory testing. applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not
intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which
1.2 This practice is limited to fine-grained soils that can be
the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged,
penetrated by the thin-walled tube. This sampling method is
nor should this document be applied without consideration of
not recommended for sampling soils containing coarse sand,
a project’s many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the
gravel, or larger size soil particles, cemented, or very hard
title of this document means only that the document has been
soils. Other soil samplers may be used for sampling these soil
approved through the ASTM consensus process.
types. Such samplers include driven split barrel samplers and
soil coring devices (Test Methods D1586, D3550, and Practice 1.8 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
D6151). For information on appropriate use of other soil presented in brackets are to be regarded separately as standard.
samplers refer to Practice D6169. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;
therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindependentlyoftheother.
1.3 This practice is often used in conjunction with rotary
Combining values from the two systems may result in non-
drilling (Practice D1452 and Guides D5783 and D6286)or
conformance with the standard.
hollow-stem augers (Practice D6151). Subsurface geotechnical
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the
explorations should be reported in accordance with Practice
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D5434. This practice discusses some aspects of sample pres-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ervation after the sampling event. For more information on
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
preservationandtransportationprocessofsoilsamples,consult
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Practice D4220.
1.4 This practice may not address special considerations for
2. Referenced Documents
environmental or marine sampling; consult Practices D6169
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
and D3213 for information on sampling for environmental and
A513/A513M Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded
marine explorations.
Carbon and Alloy Steel Mechanical Tubing
1.5 Thin-walled tubes meeting requirements of 6.3 can also
A519 Specification for Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel
be used in piston samplers, or inner liners of double tube push
Mechanical Tubing
or rotary-type soil core samplers (Pitcher barrel, Practice
A787 Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded
D6169). Piston samplers in Practice D6519 use thin-walled
Metallic-Coated Carbon Steel Mechanical Tubing
tubes.
B733 Specification for Autocatalytic (Electroless) Nickel-
Phosphorus Coatings on Metal
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.02 on Sampling and
2
Related Field Testing for Soil Evaluations. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2015. Published December 2015. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ɛ1
approved in 1958. Last previous edition
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D1587 − 08 (Reapproved 2012) D1587/D1587M − 15
Standard Practice for
Thin-Walled Tube Sampling of Fine-Grained Soils for
1
Geotechnical Purposes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1587;D1587/D1587M; the number immediately following the designation indicates
the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—Editorial changes were made throughout in May 2012.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for using a thin-walled metal tube to recover relatively intact soil samples suitable for
laboratory tests of engineering properties, such as strength, compressibility, permeability, and density. Thin-walled tubes used in
piston, plug, or rotary-type samplers should comply with SectionThis practice provides guidance on proper sampling equipment,
procedures, and sample quality evaluation 6.3 of this practice which describes the thin-walled tubes.that are used to obtain intact
samples suitable for
NOTE 1—This practice does not apply to liners used within the samplers. laboratory testing.
1.2 This practice is limited to fine-grained soils that can be penetrated by the thin-walled tube. This sampling method is not
recommended for sampling soils containing gravel coarse sand, gravel, or larger size soil particles, cemented, or very hard soils.
Other soil samplers may be used for sampling these soil types. Such samplers include driven split barrel samplers and soil coring
devices ((Test Methods D1586, D3550, and Practice D6151). For information on appropriate use of other soil samplers refer to
Practice D6169.
1.3 This practice is often used in conjunction with fluid rotary drilling ((Practice D1452, and Guides D5783 and D6286) or
hollow-stem augers ((Practice D6151). Subsurface geotechnical explorations should be reported in accordance with practice
(Practice D5434). This practice discusses some aspects of sample preservation after the sampling event. For more information on
preservation and transportation process of soil samples, consult Practice D4220. This practice does not address environmental
sampling; consult D6169 and D6232 for information on sampling for environmental investigations.
1.4 This practice may not address special considerations for environmental or marine sampling; consult Practices D6169 and
D3213 for information on sampling for environmental and marine explorations.
1.5 The values stated Thin-walled tubes meeting requirements of 6.3in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The
values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to can also be used in piston samplers, or inner liners of double tube
push or rotary-type soil core samplers (Pitcher barrel, Practice D6169SI units that are provided for). Piston samplers in Practice
D6519 information only and are not considered standard.use thin-walled tubes.
1.4.1 The tubing tolerances presented in Table 1 are from sources available in North America. Use of metric equivalent is
acceptable as long as thickness and proportions are similar to those required in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.6 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice
D6026, unless superseded by this standard.
1.7 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace
education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this practice may be
applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.02 on Sampling and Related
Field Testing for Soil Evaluations.
Current edition approved May 15, 2012Nov. 15, 2015. Published November 2012December 2015. Originally approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in
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20082012 as D1587 – 08.D1587 – 08 (2012) . DOI:
...
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