ASTM C497M-13
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Manhole Sections, or Tile (Metric)
Standard Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Manhole Sections, or Tile (Metric)
ABSTRACT
These test methods cover production and acceptance tests for concrete pipes, manhole sections, and tiles. Tests include procedures for evaluating external load crushing strength, flat slab top, core strength, absorption, hydrostatic, permeability, manhole step, cylinder, gasket lubricant, joint shear, alkalinity, and gasket measurements. Aside from the procedures, this standard also details the significance and use of and the required test apparatus for each test.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover testing of concrete pipe, manhole sections, and tile. The test methods described are used in production testing and acceptance testing to evaluate the properties provided for in the specifications.
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:
Section
External Load Crushing Strength
4
Flat Slab Top
5
Core Strength
6
Absorption
7
Hydrostatic
8
Permeability
9
Manhole Step
10
Cylinder
11
Gasket Lubricant
12
Joint Shear
13
Alkalinity
14
Gasket Measurements
15
1.3 The test specimens shall not have been exposed to a temperature below 4°C for the 24 h immediately preceding the test.
1.4 If any test specimen fails because of mechanical reasons such as failure of testing equipment or improper specimen preparation, it shall be discarded and another specimen taken.
1.5 Specimens shall be selected in accordance with the specifications for the type of pipe or tile being tested.
1.6 These methods are the metric companion of Test Methods C497.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Please contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: C497M − 13
Standard Test Methods for
1
Concrete Pipe, Manhole Sections, or Tile (Metric)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C497M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 These test methods cover testing of concrete pipe, 2.1 ASTM Standards:
manhole sections, and tile.The test methods described are used C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
in production testing and acceptance testing to evaluate the Specimens in the Field
properties provided for in the specifications. C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylin-
drical Concrete Specimens
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:
C42/C42M Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled
Section
Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete
External Load Crushing Strength 4
Flat Slab Top 5 C617 Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
Core Strength 6
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
Absorption 7
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
Hydrostatic 8
Permeability 9 C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related
Manhole Step 10
Products
Cylinder 11
C1231/C1231M Practice for Use of Unbonded Caps in
Gasket Lubricant 12
Joint Shear 13
DeterminationofCompressiveStrengthofHardenedCon-
Alkalinity 14
crete Cylinders
Gasket Measurements 15
D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hard-
1.3 The test specimens shall not have been exposed to a
ness
temperature below 4°C for the 24 h immediately preceding the
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
test.
3. Terminology
1.4 If any test specimen fails because of mechanical reasons
such as failure of testing equipment or improper specimen 3.1 Definitions—Fordefinitionsoftermsrelatingtoconcrete
preparation, it shall be discarded and another specimen taken. pipe, see Terminology C822.
1.5 Specimens shall be selected in accordance with the
4. External Load Crushing Strength Test by the Three-
specifications for the type of pipe or tile being tested.
Edge Bearing Test Method
1.6 These methods are the metric companion of Test Meth-
4.1 Summary of Test Method—The test specimen is tested in
ods C497.
a machine designed to apply a crushing force upon the
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
specimen in a plane through the vertical axis extending along
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the length of the specimen.
responsibility of the user of this standard to consult and
4.2 Significance and Use—The crushing test method shall
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-
be either a quality control test performed to establish that the
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
finished, shippable pipe has sufficient strength to withstand the
crushing loads stated in the specifications or a proof of design
test performed to prove the adequacy of design.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on
Concrete Pipe and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.09 on Methods
2
of Test. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2013. Published March 2013. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C497M – 05. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C0497M-13. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Please contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
C497M − 13
4.3 Apparatus: manufacturer, the center of the load shall be applied at any
4.3.1 The testing machine shall be of any type of sufficient point of the overall length (L ) of the specimen. The load shall
1
be applied either at a single point or at multiple points
capacity and shall be capable of providing the rate of loading
prescribed in 4.5.3. dependent on the length of the specimen being tested and the
rigidity of the test frame.
4.3.2 The testing machine shall be substantial and rigid
throughout, so that the distribution of the load will not be
NOTE 1—The user of these test methods is advised that multiple points
affectedappreciabl
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C497M − 05 C497M − 13
Standard Test Methods for
1
Concrete Pipe, Manhole Sections, or Tile (Metric)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C497M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover testing of concrete pipe, manhole sections, and tile. The test methods described are used in
production testing and acceptance testing to evaluate the properties provided for in the specifications.
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:
Section
External Load Crushing Strength 4
Flat Slab Top 5
Core Strength 6
Absorption 7
Hydrostatic 8
Permeability 9
Manhole Step 10
Cylinder 11
Gasket Lubricant 12
Joint Shear 13
Alkalinity 14
Gasket Measurements 15
1.3 The test specimens shall not have been exposed to a temperature below 4°C for the 24 h immediately preceding the test.
1.4 If any test specimen fails because of mechanical reasons such as failure of testing equipment or improper specimen
preparation, it shall be discarded and another specimen taken.
1.5 Specimens shall be selected in accordance with the specifications for the type of pipe or tile being tested.
1.6 These methods are the metric companion of Test Methods C497.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C42/C42M Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete
C617 Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials
C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related Products
C1231/C1231M Practice for Use of Unbonded Caps in Determination of Compressive Strength of Hardened Concrete Cylinders
D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hardness
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on Concrete Pipe and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.09 on Methods of Test.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2005Feb. 15, 2013. Published October 2005March 2013. Originally approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 20042005 as
ε1
C497M – 04C497M – 05. . DOI: 10.1520/C0497M-05.10.1520/C0497M-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C497M − 13
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to concrete pipe, see Terminology C822.
4. External Load Crushing Strength Test by the Three-Edge Bearing Test Method
4.1 Summary of Test Method—The test specimen is tested in a machine designed to apply a crushing force upon the specimen
in a plane through the vertical axis extending along the length of the specimen.
4.2 Significance and Use—The crushing test method shall be either a quality control test performed to establish that the finished,
shippable pipe has sufficient strength to withstand the crushing loads stated in the specifications or a proof of design test performed
to prove the adequacy of design.
4.3 Apparatus:
4.3.1 The testing machine shall be of any type of sufficient capacity and shall be capable of providing the rate of loading
prescribed in 4.5.3.
4.3.2 The testing machine shall be substantial and rigid throughout, so that the distribution of the load will not be affected
appreciably by the deformation or yielding of any part.
4.3.3 The three-edge-bearing method of loading shall be used. The test specimen shall be supported on a lower bearing of tw
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